{"title":"Featured Products","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"3t3-l1-cell-bhc11100010","title":"3T3-L1 cell","description":"3T3-L1 cells are a clonal line of preadipocytes derived from mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These cells have become a widely used in vitro model for studying the process of adipogenesis, including adipogenesis and lipogenesis, which is the differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes (fat cells). The name \"3T3\" refers to the transfer (T) protocol that involved transferring the cells every 3 days, and \"L1\" signifies the particular clone that was isolated.\nInitially, 3T3-L1 cells exhibit a fibroblast-like morphology, but upon induction of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation, 3T3-L1 cells change from a preadipocyte to a mature adipocyte state and accumulate lipid droplets, a hallmark of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The differentiation process from 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to 3T3-L1 adipocytes is triggered by a specific cocktail of inducers, typically including dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), and insulin.\nAs 3T3-L1 adipocytes adopt the characteristics of mature adipocytes, they begin to express genes that are crucial for adipocyte function, such as those coding for enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and hormones like leptin and adiponectin, which play vital roles in regulating appetite, energy balance, and insulin sensitivity. Studying 3T3-L1 cell transformations enhances our understanding of  adipogenesis and obesity and fat-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, by revealing how lipid accumulation in adipocytes leads to cellular dysfunction and broader metabolic issues.\nMoreover, the 3T3-L1 cell line is instrumental in investigating the impact of various substances on adipocyte behavior, such as the effect of pharmacological agents on lipolysis or the anti-inflammatory properties of certain diets that may prevent insulin resistance.\n3T3-L1 cells have been extensively used to study the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying adipocyte differentiation, insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and the effects of various nutritional and pharmacological agents on these processes. Given their ability to differentiate into adipocytes and their ease of culture in vitro, 3T3-L1 cells provide a valuable model system for obesity and diabetes research, as well as for the discovery of new therapeutic targets related to metabolic dise\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100010\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950195306861,"sku":"400107","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/3T3-L1_20P1_2020x01_20260423_1920x1920_57ac0083-e5d5-4b53-8774-31208dbb140d.jpg?v=1769068931"},{"product_id":"4t1-cell-bhc11101141","title":"4T1 cell","description":"The 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cell line is a widely used model in cancer research due to its high similarity to human breast cancer. Derived from a BALB\/c mouse, the tumor growth and metastatic spread of the 4T1 cell line closely mimic the behavior of late stage breast cancer in humans. The 4T1 cell line serves as an invaluable tool for studying the progression and metastasis of mammary cancer, including bone metastases and breast cancer metastasis. When injected into BALB\/c mice, 4T1 cells spontaneously produce highly metastatic tumors that can spread to various organs such as the lung, liver, lymph nodes, and bone, while the primary tumor continues to grow in situ. This 4T1 syngeneic model is particularly useful for studies of bone metastases and the metastatic phenotype.\nThe 4T1 cell's utility extends to techniques like bioluminescence imaging, histological analyses, and the use of molecular markers to track the spread and impact of metastatic disease. This approach allows for the examination of spontaneous metastasis from primary tumors to distant organs, aided by techniques like flow cytometry to analyze tumor cells and their receptor expressions. The imagable 4T1 model has enabled biophotonic imaging to track tumor growth and metastasis in vivo in animal models, facilitating studies on metastatic cells in target organs and tumor foci. \nThe immunocompetent nature of the mouse 4T1 breast tumor cell line allows for investigations into the role of the immune system and immunity in metastasis, as well as immunotherapy of cancer. Moreover, the 4T1 syngeneic tumor model has been instrumental in omics characterization and fusion gene detection.\nOverall, the 4T1 mammary carcinoma cell line serves as a versatile tool for studying mammary tumor biology, tumor metastasis, and the development of new treatments in both murine and human contexts.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101141\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950195569005,"sku":"300300","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/4T1_20P1_20300300-100223_2010x01_2016022023_1920x1920_e2dd5de1-7a2d-49d3-b8f4-49c56e980c3f.jpg?v=1769068932"},{"product_id":"a20-cell-bhc11101459","title":"A20 cell","description":"The A20 cell line is derived from a reticulum cell sarcoma in a mouse and is widely used in immunology and cancer research. Reticulum cell sarcoma is a type of B-cell lymphoma, and A20 cells provide a valuable model for studying the biology of B-cell lymphomas and the immune response. These cells are particularly useful for investigating the mechanisms of B-cell development, activation, signaling, and the interaction between tumor cells and the immune system. Additionally, A20 cells play a crucial role in research focused on the production and function of cytokines, which are essential for immune regulation.\nA20 cells display a lymphoblastic morphology and express surface markers typical of B-cells, including surface immunoglobulin and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Researchers utilize A20 cells to study antigen presentation, B-cell receptor signaling, and the role of various cytokines in immune responses. These cells are also instrumental in the development and testing of immunotherapies, such as monoclonal antibodies and checkpoint inhibitors, aimed at treating B-cell lymphomas and other hematological malignancies. Additionally, A20 cells serve as a model for evaluating the efficacy and safety of novel therapeutic agents in preclinical studies. The utility of A20 cells in immunological research and the understanding of B-cell pathophysiology highlights their importance in advancing cancer research and developing new treatment strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101459\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950195994989,"sku":"305263","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a20_20_282_29_1920x1920_4da4d9c0-b202-47a0-b8cc-5cb69b3ea4ba.jpg?v=1769068935"},{"product_id":"a549-cell-bhc11100147","title":"A549 cell","description":"A549 cells, derived from lung adenocarcinoma tissue, are a primary model used in cancer research, particularly in biomedical laboratories focusing on lung-related cancers. A549 cells are commonly used as an in vitro model for studying lung cancer biology, drug screening, and the effects of toxic compounds.\nIn toxicology research, A549 cells offer a controlled experimental model that enables scientists to explore the mechanisms underlying toxic effects and cellular responses. By understanding these mechanisms, researchers can better assess the safety of substances and potentially mitigate their harmful effects.\nA549 carcinoma cells have been extensively used as an in vitro model to study lung cancer pathogenesis and as an alternative tissue culture model for various pulmonary-related research studies in biomedical laboratories. These cells maintain the characteristics of type II alveolar epithelial cells and are used to examine the epithelial responses to various infections and inflammatory stimuli, including lung inflammation.\nFurthermore, the human cell line A549 serves as a valuable tool in the development of specific antibodies targeting lung cancer-related proteins or markers. By exposing these cells to substances of interest, researchers can investigate how they affect cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and other cellular processes. This information aids in the identification of potential therapeutic targets and the development of novel treatments for lung cancer.\nIn summary, A549 carcinoma cells are pivotal in cancer research, especially concerning lung-related cancers, serving as an in vitro model for cancer and toxicology research, developing effective treatments, and drug screening.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100147\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950196355437,"sku":"300114","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/A549_20P35_20300114-1421_2020x01_2026082022_1920x1920_7da09e07-fa3c-451b-b408-9991b0e4cb71.jpg?v=1769068939"},{"product_id":"a549-ddp-cell-bhc11101352","title":"A549\/DDP cell","description":"The A549\/DDP cell line is a drug-resistant variant of the A549 cell line, which itself is a model of human alveolar basal epithelial adenocarcinoma. This variant has been specifically selected for its resistance to cisplatin (DDP), a common chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various cancers, including lung cancer. The development of the A549\/DDP cell line enables researchers to study the mechanisms underlying chemoresistance, which is a major challenge in cancer therapy.\n\nIn research, the A549\/DDP cell line is utilized to investigate the biochemical pathways involved in cisplatin resistance. This includes the exploration of changes in gene expression, protein function, and cellular metabolism that confer resistance to cisplatin. The cell line is also valuable in the screening of new drugs or drug combinations that can overcome resistance, providing insights that are crucial for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies against lung cancer.\n\nMoreover, studies using the A549\/DDP cell line contribute to a better understanding of the molecular basis of lung cancer progression and metastasis in the context of chemoresistance. This cell line serves as a critical tool for translational research, bridging experimental findings to potential clinical applications in oncology.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101352\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950196486509,"sku":"305047","price":1500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a549-ddp-_281_29.jpg?v=1769068939"},{"product_id":"ah-130-cell-bhc11100091","title":"AH-130 cell","description":"Yoshida et al. have established the ascites hepatoma by converting the aminoazo dyeinduced hepatoma of the rat into the ascetic form (Yoshida 1956). AH-130 is a strain of ascites hepatoma composed of free tumor cells, only small islands of tumor islets are present. The cell line described here was established as in vitro cell culture from this Yoshida AH-130 strain of ascites hepatoma.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100091\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950196945261,"sku":"500412","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ah-130-_281_29_1920x1920_c7f9086b-5c1e-4005-b3d1-be31ef0b6f80.jpg?v=1769068944"},{"product_id":"aml12-cell-bhc11101265","title":"AML12 cell","description":"AML12 cells, also known as Alpha Mouse Liver 12 cells, are a non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line derived from the liver of a transgenic mouse. These cells were initially developed to provide a suitable in vitro model for studying the hepatocyte function and liver biology of the adult mouse. AML12 cells express characteristics typical of differentiated hepatocytes, including the production of albumin, transferrin, and other liver-specific proteins, making them an invaluable resource for research in toxicology, drug metabolism, and liver disease.\n\nThe cell line was established from hepatocytes isolated from a mouse harboring a transgene for human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), under the control of the mouse metallothionein-I promoter. This genetic alteration contributes to the immortalization of the cells without disrupting their differentiated state. AML12 cells maintain a stable phenotype and karyotype under standard cell culture conditions, which includes a unique requirement for dexamethasone and insulin-transferrin-selenium in the growth medium to promote proliferation and maintain hepatocyte-specific functions.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101265\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950197076333,"sku":"300643","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/aml12-_282_29_1920x1920_fd1a83ba-979f-4ece-8666-1507a80d1af3.jpg?v=1769068946"},{"product_id":"ar42j-cell-bhc11100120","title":"AR42J cell","description":"AR42J cells are a rat pancreatic tumor cell line derived from azaserine-induced tumors in rats. They are widely used as a model for studying pancreatic exocrine cell functions, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer research. AR42J cells exhibit acinar-like characteristics, making them particularly valuable for investigating the physiology and pathology of pancreatic acinar cells.\nOne of the defining features of AR42J cells is their ability to differentiate into cell types exhibiting more pronounced pancreatic exocrine functions when treated with various agents, such as dexamethasone or activators of protein kinase C. Upon differentiation, these cells produce and secrete digestive enzymes, including amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsin, mimicking the enzyme secretion profile of normal pancreatic acinar cells.\nAR42J cells are also used to explore the mechanisms of acute pancreatitis. They respond to stimuli like cerulein, a cholecystokinin analog, which can induce a condition in the cells that resembles acute pancreatitis, characterized by enzyme overproduction, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. This makes AR42J cells a useful tool for testing potential therapeutic interventions for pancreatitis.\nFurthermore, the AR42J cell line is utilized in research focused on pancreatic cancer, particularly for studies on tumorigenesis and the malignant transformation of acinar cells. They are instrumental in examining the effects of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and growth factors on the development and progression of pancreatic cancer.\nOverall, AR42J cells provide a versatile and dynamic model system for advancing our understanding of pancreatic diseases and for the development of new therapeutic strategies targeting these conditions.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100120\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950197272941,"sku":"500478","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ar42j-_284_29_1920x1920_b0c130b0-2f95-4d82-9854-0a0d210cdb1a.jpg?v=1769068947"},{"product_id":"arh-77-cell-bhc11101176","title":"ARH-77 cell","description":"The ARH-77 cell line is a human cell line derived from the peripheral blood of a 33-year-old female patient with plasma cell leukemia, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. ARH-77 cells are characterized by their B lymphoblastoid phenotype, which makes them particularly useful for studying B-cell maturation and function as well as plasma cell leukemia pathology. This cell line is also frequently used in research related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as it is EBV-transformed.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101176\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950197305709,"sku":"300306","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ARH-77_20P1_2020x01_20290823_20WaKo_ch00_1920x1920_1aff46bc-8eac-4932-81a9-4cb19405ee70.jpg?v=1769068947"},{"product_id":"aspc-1-cell-bhc11100143","title":"AsPC-1 cell","description":"The AsPC1 cell line, derived from a 62-year-old female patient with adenocarcinoma of pancreas and metastases to several abdominal organs, has become a pivotal model for studying pancreatic cancer, one of the most aggressive and lethal malignancies. They display a high degree of invasiveness compared to other pancreatic cancer cell lines, which makes them particularly useful for studies on cancer metastasis and tumor invasion.\nAsPC1 cells have been instrumental in understanding the metabolic pathways involved in pancreatic cancer, including glutamine and glycerophospholipid metabolism. AsPC1 cells have been used to investigate the function of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in metastasis, a crucial component of the biology of pancreatic cancer.\nAsPC1 cells have further been used to evaluate the efficacy of treatments such as the HDAC inhibitor AR-42 and the antimitotic and STAT3 inhibitor LTP-1, demonstrating the potential of these compounds to suppress tumor growth and induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cell lines.\nThe development of xenograft models using AsPC1 cells has allowed researchers to study pancreatic cancer in a more physiologically relevant context and have provided valuable insights into the transformation of normal human pancreatic duct cells into adenocarcinomas.\nAsPC1 cells continue to be a valuable resource for exploring the therapeutic bispecific pathways and intracellular tumor antigens associated with pancreatic cancer.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100143\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950197600621,"sku":"300158","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ASPC-1_20P4_2010x01_20311023_ch00_1920x1920_6e8cf718-8789-431e-845a-7e78240900aa.jpg?v=1769068949"},{"product_id":"beta-tc-6-cell-bhc11101154","title":"Beta-TC-6 cell","description":"Beta-TC-6 cells is a cell line derived from insulinoma tissue in mice. These cells are crucial in scientific studies focused on diabetes and insulin signalling.\nOriginating from a transgenic mouse, Beta-TC-6 cells carry a pseudogene construct comprising the SV40 early region, which the rat insulin gene promoter regulates. This genetic composition leads to insulin secretion in response to glucose levels. \nThese cells exhibit epithelial morphology and primarily reside in the pancreas tissue. In addition to insulin production, these cells possess small amounts of glucagon and somatostatin. The adherence of Beta-TC-6 cells allows for convenient cultivation and manipulation during experiments and assays.\nBeta-TC-6 cells provide a valuable tool for scientific investigations in diabetes and insulin signalling. Their unique genetic composition, insulin-secreting capabilities, and adherence properties make them ideal for studying the intricate processes involved in glucose regulation and pancreatic function.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101154\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950198124909,"sku":"305181","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/Beta-TC-6_20P1_2020x01_20010825_ch00_1920x1920_f05e068f-7deb-4177-9a22-faaf42530d4f.jpg?v=1769068955"},{"product_id":"bt-20-cell-bhc11100179","title":"BT-20 cell","description":"The BT-20 cell line is a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line that was established in 1958 from the malignant tissue of a 74-year-old Caucasian female patient. This cell line exhibits epithelial-like morphology and is often used in research focused on breast cancer biology, particularly in studies exploring the hormonal regulation of cancer growth, gene expression, and the efficacy of therapeutic agents against breast cancer.\n\nBT-20 cells are characterized by their ability to form tumors when implanted in immunocompromised mice, thus serving as a useful in vivo model for breast cancer. These cells express receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and androgen, making them relevant for studies on hormone response pathways. Additionally, genetic analysis of BT-20 cells has revealed mutations in genes such as TP53 and PIK3CA, which are common in breast cancer, supporting their use in genetic and pharmacological research.\n\nIn vitro, BT-20 cells are used to study the mechanisms of cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. They are also employed to assess the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy agents, making them critical for preclinical testing of anti-cancer drugs. The adaptability of BT-20 cells to various culture conditions and their robust growth in vitro make them a valuable resource for cancer research laboratories focusing on the underlying mechanisms of breast cancer and the development of new therapeutic strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100179\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950199665005,"sku":"300130","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/BT-20_20WaKo_20P1_2020x01_20300525_ch00_1920x1920_084761aa-41ec-4c46-9331-e320c271923e.jpg?v=1769068968"},{"product_id":"bt-549-cell-bhc11100063","title":"BT-549 cell","description":"BT-549 cells are a human breast cancer cell line derived from the mammary gland tissue of a 72-year-old Caucasian woman with ductal carcinoma. They are commonly utilized in cancer research to study the biology and treatment of breast cancer, particularly the triple-negative subtype, which lacks estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 expression.\nBT-549 cells are characterized by their epithelial morphology and are known for their highly invasive properties, making them a valuable model for studying metastasis and tumor invasion. They exhibit several distinctive features including the presence of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm and a robust expression of the mucin-1 protein. These cells also express various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that are relevant to breast cancer pathology, such as TP53 and RB1.\nThe BT-549 cell line is estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and does not amplify HER2, thus categorizing it under the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. Due to this classification, BT-549 cells are particularly useful for studying the unique mechanisms of progression and treatment response in TNBC, which is known for its aggressive nature and lack of targeted therapies.\nFurthermore, BT-549 cells are often used in drug resistance studies and for testing new chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies, offering insights into potential therapeutic strategies for managing and treating aggressive forms of breast cancer.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100063\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950199730541,"sku":"300132","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/bt-549-_282_29_1920x1920_c59b0f9d-d3aa-4ae7-b4a7-74d066102736.jpg?v=1769068969"},{"product_id":"bv2-cell-bhc11101230","title":"BV2 cell","description":"BV2 cells are a type of microglial cell line derived from C57BL\/6 murine, a widely used laboratory mouse strain for animal experiments. These microglial cells have been immortalized using the J2 retrovirus, which carries the v-raf and v-myc oncogenes, resulting in a stable cell line with unique characteristics. BV2 cells express nuclear v-myc and cytoplasmic v-RAF oncogenes, along with the env gp70 antigen on their surface, contributing to their role in immune responses and inflammation within the brain. One of the critical advantages of BV2 cells is their ability to retain the morphological and functional characteristics of primary microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, making them an ideal model for studying neurodegeneration and brain inflammation.\nThe role of microglia in neurodegeneration, toxicology, and immunity, particularly in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, is an ever-growing field in biomedical research. Traditional studies often rely on primary microglia cultures and continuous cell preparations. Using a microglia-like cell line, such as BV2 cells, offers a promising alternative by providing a continuous and reproducible source of microglia. BV2 cells, due to v-raf\/v-myc expression, show enhanced metabolism and growth, ideal for research on microglial activation and inflammation. Their expression of specific oncogenes and antigens mirrors macrophages, making them valuable for studying immune responses and disease mechanisms.\nA recent re-evaluation of mice BV2 microglia cells examined their suitability as a substitute for primary microglia (PM). The response of BV2 cells to lipopolysaccharide was compared with that of microglia in both in vitro and in vivo settings, however, with the upregulation of genes being slightly less pronounced on average. BV2 cells displayed normal regulation of nitric oxide and functional response to IFN-gamma, critical parameters for their interaction with T cells, neurons, and other glial cells such as astrocytes. BV2 cells were also found to stimulate other glial cells effectively, leading to the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in astrocytes.\nThis interaction between astrocytes and microglia is crucial for understanding the complex cell-cell interactions and the inflammatory response in the brain, especially in the context of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, where proteins such as NAPoe31 and NAPoe41, as well as pathways like the startle response and apoptosis, play significant roles.\nBV2 cells offer a robust and reliable tool for researchers in microglial biology. Their expression of v-raf\/v-myc oncogene products enables them to retain key characteristics of microglia and macrophages. BV2 cells have proven to be a valid substitute for primary microglia in various experimental settings, facilitating research on neurodegeneration, toxicology, immunity, and cell-cell interactions.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101230\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950199796077,"sku":"305156","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/BV2_20P3_2040x01_2011072022_1920x1920_5caaab4a-dc5b-477d-86fe-d797e57c646a.jpg?v=1769068970"},{"product_id":"bxpc-3-cell-bhc11101173","title":"BxPC-3 cell","description":"BxPC-3 cells, originating from the pancreatic adenocarcinoma of a 61-year-old female patient who underwent radiation and chemotherapy, have become a fundamental asset in cancer research, particularly for studying pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The absence of the SMAD4\/DPC4 protein due to homozygous deletions in BxPC 3 cells makes them an invaluable resource for research into pancreatic cancer's genetic landscape.\nTumors grown from BxPC-3 cells in nude mice produce carcinoembryonic antigen, human pancreas cancer-associated antigen, human pancreas-specific antigen, and traces of mucin. This highlights the ability of the cell line to closely replicate the histopathological traits of the primary tumor. The production of mucinous tissues, in particular, underscores the cell line's value for detailed pancreatic adenocarcinoma studies, reflecting the original tumor's characteristics.\nBxPC-3 cells' significant expression of angiogenic factors such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) opens avenues for exploring angiogenesis in cancer progression and identifying potential therapeutic targets.\nIn summary, the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line BxPC-3 are pivotal in cancer research, especially for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma research. Their lack of SMAD4\/DPC4 protein because of homozygous deletions and their ability to replicate the primary tumor's histopathological features, including mucinous tissues, make them invaluable for studying the genetic landscape and pathology of pancreatic cancer.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101173\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950199828845,"sku":"305031","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/BxPC-3_20WaKo_20P0_20305031-051022_2010x01_20141022_1920x1920_a3125722-8738-48f2-8e2a-3f670f71b710.jpg?v=1769068971"},{"product_id":"c2c12-cell-bhc11100098","title":"C2C12 cell","description":"The C2C12 cell line, an immortalized mouse myoblast cell line derived from the thigh muscle of a 2-month-old mouse of the C3H mouse strain, is extensively utilized in biomedical research for its unique cell differentiation properties. C2C12 myoblast cells proliferate rapidly and exhibit typical myoblast characteristics under high serum conditions. Upon shifting to low serum conditions or starvation, C2C12 cells initiate myogenic differentiation, transitioning into myotubes, which are precursors to contractile skeletal muscle cells.\nC2C12 cells incorporate exogenous cDNA and nucleic acids through transfection easily, making them a good choice for gene expression studies and investigations into myoblasts and myotubes differentiation. The differentiation process is marked by the expression of myogenic markers such as Myf5, MyoD, Myogenin, and Mrf4, alongside muscle-specific markers like Csrp3 and Mef2a, which are essential in studying different muscle phenotypes and skeletal muscle regeneration.\nThe unique shape of C2C12 myoblasts and their transformation into myoblast cell rings and subsequently into mature myotubes in serum-supplemented media underscore the dynamic nature of these cells and their potential in skeletal muscle research.\nResearchers use substrates like gelatin hydrogels for C2C12 cell cultures to simulate in vivo muscle conditions, enabling detailed studies of muscle cell development and extracellular matrix effects. Metabolic profiling reveals key insights into the pathways involved in muscle formation and recovery, focusing on essential proteins and calcium's role in contraction. Gene silencing techniques further illuminate the differentiation process, highlighting the significance of SMAD1 phosphorylation in muscle regeneration, crucial for understanding recovery in muscle wasting and injury.\nIn summary, the C2C12 cell line serves as a critical tool in the realm of biomedical research, offering a versatile platform for exploring the intricacies of muscle formation, differentiation, gene expression, and the profound impact of various factors on the skeletal muscle cell lineage, including the pivotal role of myofilaments, intermediate filament proteins, and the overall organismal context in which these cellular processes unfold.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100098\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950199959917,"sku":"400476","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/c2c12-_283_29_1920x1920_1c1d61d5-954d-47d6-915d-82d0f36e29ca.jpg?v=1769068973"},{"product_id":"c6-cell-bhc11100626","title":"C6 cell","description":"The C6 cell line maintains glial cell type with fibroblast morphology and originates from a glioma of a Wisthar-Furth rat. The glioma was induced by exposure to N-nitrosomethylurea, following numerous cycles of alternating culture and animal passages. \nThe C6 glioma cell line is frequently utilized in neuro-oncology research to create animal models that closely mimic the characteristics of human glioma, aiding in the development of new therapeutic agents and strategies. It is particularly effective in 3D cell culture and high-throughput screening. \nC6 cells are genetically diverse, possessing a wild-type p53 gene, increased Rb gene expression, and a mutant p16\/Cdkn2a\/Ink4a locus but lacking p16 and p19ARF mRNA expression. They also overexpress several genes in human gliomas, such as PDGFβ, IGF-1, EGFR, and Erb3\/Her3 precursor proteins. \nHowever, the expression of IGF-2, FGF-9, and FGF-10 is reduced, while MMP-7 gene expression remains unchanged. Like human gliomas, C6 cells show increased activity of the Ras pathway genes, which is regulated by the elevated expression of the Ras guanine triphosphate activator protein. \nThe C6 cell line has been utilized in various studies. For instance, it was used to examine the ability of 2-(2,4-dihydroxy phenyl)thieno-1,3-thiazin-4-one (BChTT) to halt cancer cell proliferation and to investigate the mechanisms involved in this process. \nIn another research, the cytotoxic and antioxidant properties of the supercritical CO2 extract (SCE) of an old man's beard (Usnea barbata) were studied using C6 cells. Interestingly, these cells have been reported to show increased levels of glyceryl phosphate dehydrogenase activity in response to glucocorticoids.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100626\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200058221,"sku":"500142","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/c6-_281_29__281_29.jpg?v=1769068975"},{"product_id":"caco-2-cell-bhc11100007","title":"Caco-2 cell","description":"Caco-2 cells serve as an advanced in vitro model for the human intestinal barrier, primarily due to their differentiation into a cell monolayer that closely resembles the enterocytes lining the small intestine. When culturing the Caco2 cell line on tissue culture filter inserts with polycarbonate filters, Caco-2 cells undergo spontaneous differentiation. The differentiation of Caco2 cells results in the expression of specialized cell types, complete with microvilli, enzymes, and transporters, paralleling the complex features and mechanisms found in an in vivo situation.\nIn the context of intestinal absorption studies models, Caco-2 cells, which were derived from a human colorectal adenocarcinoma patient, are instrumental due to their ability to develop high TEER values, signifying intact tight junctions and epithelial barrier function. These properties are crucial for assays like the cholesterol efflux assay and investigations into cellular transport, including the movement of lipid nanoparticles and the detection of protein interactions.\nCaco-2 cells are pivotal for intestinal absorption studies, providing a reliable in vitro approximation of the intestinal epithelium. Mimicking intestinal enterocytes, these cells facilitate analyses of oral drug absorption by simulating the intestinal barrier. Researchers utilize Caco-2 cells to predict how substances traverse the intestinal mucosa, which is essential for the pharmacokinetic profiling of oral medications. Furthermore, they are a key tool in investigating intestinal cholesterol uptake, homeostasis and transport, which are vital processes for understanding lipid metabolism and associated diseases.\nCaco-2 cells remain a cornerstone in colon carcinoma and toxicology research, not only for their relevance to human gastrointestinal studies but also for their role in providing detailed insights into the biliary pathway, the metabolism of xenobiotics within the colon, cancer and toxicology research.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100007\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200222061,"sku":"300137","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/Caco-2_20_20_284_29_1920x1920_5f37e01a-eccc-47af-b05f-48599ac4099e.jpg?v=1769068978"},{"product_id":"calu-3-cell-bhc11101129","title":"Calu-3 cell","description":"Calu-3 cells are a human epithelial cell line derived from the lung adenocarcinoma of a 25-year-old in 1975. These cells exhibit epithelial morphology and are characterized by their ability to form tight junctions, desmosomes, and microvilli, mirroring the structural features of lung epithelium. Calu 3 cells are particularly noted for their high-level secretion of mucins, which are glycoproteins involved in protecting and lubricating the pulmonary airways, making them a relevant in vitro model for studying airway epithelial biology, including mucin production, secretion, and its regulation.\nCalu-3 human lung adenocarcinoma cells are used in drug discovery and development, particularly for assessing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of inhaled pharmaceuticals. Their ability to form a polarized monolayer when cultured on permeable supports makes them suitable for studying drug transport and the effects of drugs on the airway epithelium.\nCalu 3 cells, derived from human lung cancer cell types, are particularly relevant in the study of airway epithelial cells and their role in respiratory conditions. These cells originate from bronchial submucosal glands and are utilized in cell culture models to mimic the human airway, providing insights into respiratory function, epithelial cell injury, lung injury and the study of dieseases such as cystic fibrosis or SARS.\nThe study of Calu 3 cells and their response to chemotherapeutic agents contributes to the broader field of lung cancer research, offering insights into the efficacy of treatments and the potential for developing more effective therapeutic strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101129\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200484205,"sku":"305032","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CaLu-3_20P0_20305032-M_2010x01_20270922_1920x1920_ffad64ab-b3bb-478c-a733-f3faa6f1c367.jpg?v=1769068982"},{"product_id":"capan-1-cell-bhc11100185","title":"Capan-1 cell","description":"The Capan-1 cell line is derived from a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma and was established from the ascitic fluid of a 40-year-old Caucasian male. It was first characterized in 1975 and is particularly noted for its ductal epithelial morphology, which closely resembles that of primary pancreatic tumors. Capan-1 cells are extensively used in research aimed at understanding pancreatic cancer biology, including studies on tumor progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. This cell line is well-regarded for its ability to produce mucin, a characteristic feature of many pancreatic adenocarcinomas, thus serving as a model for mucinous pancreatic cancer.\n\nGenetically, Capan-1 harbors mutations in the KRAS gene, which are typical of pancreatic cancer, as well as alterations in other cancer-related genes such as TP53 and SMAD4. These mutations make the Capan-1 cell line a valuable tool for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic cancer and for the preclinical evaluation of new therapeutic agents targeting these pathways. Furthermore, Capan-1 cells are used to study the biology of pancreatic cancer stem cells, offering insights into the behaviors that drive cancer recurrence and resistance to conventional therapies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100185\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200582509,"sku":"300143","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/capan-1-_281_29_1920x1920_df02430a-19f1-418a-bb8f-cfe22fd105d5.jpg?v=1769068984"},{"product_id":"capan-2-cell-bhc11100023","title":"Capan-2 cell","description":"The Capan-2 cell line is a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line first isolated from the pancreatic tumor tissue of a 56-year-old Caucasian male. It was derived from the metastatic site in the liver, indicating its origin from a secondary tumor which makes it particularly valuable for research on metastatic processes and pancreatic cancer biology. The cells exhibit epithelial morphology and have been utilized extensively to study pancreatic cancer, drug resistance, and tumor biology.\n\nCapan-2 cells are known to express a mutated form of the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), a common mutation in pancreatic cancer, making them a robust model for studying KRAS-driven tumorigenesis. Additionally, they are characterized by the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 mutations and have been observed to exhibit chromosomal instabilities, which are critical features relevant to cancer progression and treatment response. This cell line has been used in numerous studies, including those evaluating chemotherapeutic efficacy, exploring molecular pathways of cancer progression, and developing targeted therapy strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100023\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200615277,"sku":"300144","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/capan-2-_282_29_1920x1920_3828ed5b-205f-480d-8cfc-c4516e98c3a4.jpg?v=1769068984"},{"product_id":"cc531-cell-bhc11100478","title":"CC531 cell","description":"CC531 is a well-characterized rat adenocarcinoma cell line derived from the colon. It was originally established from a chemically induced colon tumor in a Wistar rat using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), a potent carcinogen. The CC531 cell line is commonly utilized as a model system to study colorectal cancer mechanisms and the tumor microenvironment in vivo, particularly within the context of metastasis and immune responses. These cells are immunogenic and are often used in syngeneic rat models to investigate the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies and the interaction between cancer cells and the immune system.\n\nIn research settings, CC531 cells are employed to examine the biological processes of colorectal cancer progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastatic behavior. The cell line has been instrumental in studying the response of colorectal cancer to various chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy, providing insights into the mechanisms of resistance and sensitivity to cancer treatments. Moreover, the CC531 model serves as a valuable tool for the development and optimization of novel therapeutic strategies targeting colorectal cancer, making it crucial for translational cancer research.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100478\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200680813,"sku":"500387","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/cc531-_285_29_1920x1920_eb9ce21e-6c92-4c8b-8377-7295bb9e147b.jpg?v=1769068985"},{"product_id":"cfpac-1-cell-bhc11101080","title":"CFPAC-1 cell","description":"CFPAC-1 cells, derived from a 26-year-old male with cystic fibrosis and liver metastasis of ductal adenocarcinoma, are a hyperdiploid cell line with notable features for biological research. Their adherence growth property and tumorigenic capability in nude mice make them a practical model for in vitro cancer studies. The cell line's karyotype includes a modal number of 73 chromosomes with several translocations, and importantly, two to three copies of chromosome 7, where the cystic fibrosis gene is located.\nThese cells express cancer-related antigens and genes like CA19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), pancreatic oncofetal antigen (POA), adenocarcinoma associated antigen (ACAA), and epithelial keratins, offering insights into cancer biology. In terms of cystic fibrosis pathology, CFPAC-1 cells demonstrate unique ion transport activities. They do not respond to cAMP agonists, adenyl cyclase stimulators, or phosphodiesterase inhibitors for chloride ion flux but show increased chloride efflux in response to calcium ionophores.\nCFPAC-1 cells carry the common cystic fibrosis mutation - deletion of three nucleotides leading to phenylalanine absence at position 508 in the CFTR gene. Morphologically, they exhibit epithelial features with apical microvilli, tight junctions, and gap junctions, relevant for studying epithelial tissue interactions in both cancer and cystic fibrosis.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101080\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950201139565,"sku":"305066","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CFPAC-1_20P1_20305066-M_2010x01_20020323_1920x1920_4d458c15-0021-428c-b4ad-d6725d89ad98.jpg?v=1769068989"},{"product_id":"colo-205-cell-bhc11100274","title":"Colo-205 cell","description":"The COLO-205 cell line is a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line first established from the metastatic site of the ascites in a 70-year-old Caucasian male. Characterized by its epithelial cell morphology, this cell line is frequently utilized in biomedical research focused on colorectal cancer, particularly in studies related to cancer biology, drug response, and metastatic mechanisms. COLO-205 cells exhibit a hyperdiploid karyotype and are known to form moderately well-differentiated adenocarcinomas when xenografted into immunodeficient mice.\n\nCOLO-205 cells express several key oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways, making them a valuable model for pharmacological testing and cancer research. They are responsive to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) making them suitable for apoptosis studies. Furthermore, these cells have been used extensively to investigate the pharmacodynamics of various chemotherapeutic agents, providing insights into the mechanisms of action and resistance in colorectal cancer therapy. Research utilizing the COLO-205 line has contributed significantly to understanding the biological behaviors typical of colorectal adenocarcinomas, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, and interaction with anticancer drugs.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100274\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950201958765,"sku":"300380","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/colo-205-_281_29_1920x1920_350e8df1-917e-428c-9889-67d3f01593ae.jpg?v=1769068998"},{"product_id":"ct26-cell-bhc11101426","title":"CT26 cell","description":"CT26 is a widely utilized murine colon carcinoma cell line derived from BALB\/c mice. These cells are characterized by their epithelial-like morphology and have been extensively used in cancer research, particularly in studies focusing on tumor immunology and the development of cancer therapies. The CT26 cell line is valuable due to its high tumorigenic potential and ability to form tumors when implanted in syngeneic mice, making it an excellent model for investigating the mechanisms of tumor growth and metastasis in a controlled environment.\nResearch involving CT26 cells has provided critical insights into the immune system's response to tumors, aiding in the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches. These cells are often used in conjunction with immunomodulatory agents to assess the efficacy of potential treatments and to study the interactions between cancer cells and the immune system. The CT26 cell line's compatibility with various genetic manipulation techniques further enhances its utility in exploring the molecular underpinnings of cancer and testing new therapeutic strategies.\nOverall, the CT26 cell line is a cornerstone in preclinical cancer research, contributing to the understanding of colorectal cancer biology and the advancement of therapeutic interventions. Its relevance in immunotherapy studies underscores its importance in the ongoing efforts to develop effective cancer treatments. Due to its robust nature and well-documented characteristics, CT26 continues to be a preferred model in oncology research.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101426\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950202319213,"sku":"305229","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ct26-_282_29_1920x1920_e5d7a049-eb30-4f1f-bc65-55559b089c1f.jpg?v=1769069002"},{"product_id":"cw-2-cell-bhc11101073","title":"CW-2 cell","description":"The CW-2 cell line is derived from human colorectal carcinoma. Established from the tumor tissue of a female patient, this cell line exhibits epithelial morphology and has been used primarily to study colorectal cancer mechanisms, including tumor growth, metastasis, and the tumor microenvironment. The CW-2 cells are known for their robust ability to form colonies in soft agar, indicating a high degree of tumorigenicity, which makes them a valuable model for in vitro experiments focusing on cancer aggressiveness and drug responses.\n\nGenetically, CW-2 cells carry mutations typical of colorectal cancers, such as alterations in the APC, KRAS, and TP53 genes. These mutations not only contribute to their malignant phenotype but also make them relevant for studies on genetic pathways involved in colorectal cancer progression and response to therapy. CW-2 has been instrumental in pharmacological research, providing insights into the efficacy and mechanism of action of various chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, their response to environmental and genetic modifications can help in the development of targeted therapies for colorectal cancer.\n\nDue to the genetic profile and the aggressive nature of the CW-2 cell line, it is also utilized in research focusing on cancer stem cells and resistance to chemotherapy, offering a comprehensive model for understanding the dynamics of cancer treatment resistance and relapse. Research using CW-2 cells helps in deciphering the complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment that support cancer survival and proliferation, making them indispensable in advanced cancer research.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101073\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950202548589,"sku":"305134","price":650.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CW-2_20P2_20305134-M_2020x01_20P0_2010112022_1920x1920_2f99325c-15c7-4bec-b0f3-4a9ac2ba7955.jpg?v=1769069004"},{"product_id":"cx-1-cell-bhc11100025","title":"CX-1 cell","description":"The CX-1 cell line is derived from a human colon adenocarcinoma, characterized by its metastatic potential, particularly to the liver when inoculated into suitable animal models such as athymic nude mice. CX-1 cells were generated by introducing HT-29 cells into athymic mice. These cells serve as a reliable model system for studying the intricacies of adenocarcinoma of the colon.\nThe CX-1 cell line expresses elevated levels of the carbohydrate antigens sialosyl Lewis a (sialosyl Le^a) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which are associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and adhesion to vascular endothelium in various cancers, including colorectal carcinoma.\nThe human colon carcinoma cell line CX-1 serves as a critical resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer metastasis.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100025\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950202581357,"sku":"300159","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/cx-1-_281_29_1920x1920_fb2da114-d0d8-4663-8581-a3871b96f9f0.jpg?v=1769069005"},{"product_id":"dan-g-cell-bhc11100221","title":"DAN-G cell","description":"The DAN-G cell line is derived from a human pancreatic carcinoma. It is extensively utilized in research focused on pancreatic cancer, particularly in studies pertaining to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. The genetic profile of DAN-G includes mutations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which are characteristic of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. This makes the cell line a valuable model for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic cancer and for testing new therapeutic strategies.\n\nIn addition to its applications in cancer research, the DAN-G cell line has been used to study the cellular processes involved in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and signal transduction pathways. The cells exhibit aggressive in vitro growth characteristics and have the ability to form tumors in immunocompromised mice, which simulates the human disease and provides an in vivo system for evaluating the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Researchers also employ this cell line to investigate the role of the tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer progression and resistance to therapy.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100221\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950202679661,"sku":"300162","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/DAN-G_20P1_2010x01_20140525_ch00_1920x1920_ac915f28-8766-48fd-9bb7-75dfe5338eba.jpg?v=1769069006"},{"product_id":"daudi-cell-bhc11100934","title":"Daudi cell","description":"The Daudi cell line was established in 1967 from a 16-year-old African boy diagnosed with Burkitt's Lymphoma, a type of lymphoma. Named after the patient from whom it was derived, the Daudi cell line is characterized by its Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) positivity, a common feature in Burkitt's lymphoma and several other lymphoproliferative disorders. The EBV infection within these cells offers a unique model for studying the virus's role in tumorigenesis, particularly in the context of B-cell malignancies.\nDaudi human cells lack expression of the classical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules on their surface, which is attributed to the absence of beta-2-microglobulin, a crucial component responsible for the correct intracellular folding and processing of the MHC class I molecule in the endoplasmic reticulum. The lack of beta-2-microglobulin in the Daudi cell line leads to a lack of glycosyl modifications necessary for proper cell surface expression of these molecules.\nThe Daudi cell line is extensively utilized in immunology research, particularly in studies involving the immunodepletion of lymphocyte subpopulations, including lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.\nIn summary, the Daudi cell line serves as a critical resource for advancing our knowledge in various research fields, from the basic understanding of cell biology to the development of targeted therapies for cancer treatment.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100934\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950202745197,"sku":"302009","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/Daudi_20P1_2020x01_20090623_1920x1920_56a88767-9bc2-4a27-91ab-98f2401b4075.jpg?v=1769069007"},{"product_id":"dld-1-cell-bhc11100977","title":"DLD-1 cell","description":"DLD-1 is a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line derived from the distal colon of an adult patient. These cells are epithelial in morphology and were initially established to study colorectal cancer mechanisms and pathology. DLD-1 cells are commonly used in oncology research, particularly in studies focusing on the molecular biology of cancer, gene expression, and the effects of various chemotherapeutic agents.\n\nThis cell line is known for its heterozygous KRAS mutation at codon 13, which is a common feature in colorectal cancers, implicating it in cancer cell survival and proliferation. Additionally, DLD-1 exhibits mutations in the APC gene, contributing to the deregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway, a critical element in colorectal carcinogenesis. The robust use of DLD-1 in research provides valuable insights into tumor behavior, drug response, and cancer genetics, making it a vital model in colorectal cancer research and therapeutic development.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100977\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950203007341,"sku":"300220","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/dld-1-_281_29_1920x1920_1f6aa3b5-3273-4e75-ac4d-7644522eac62.jpg?v=1769069009"},{"product_id":"gl261-cell-bhc11101428","title":"GL261 cell","description":"The GL261 cell line is a murine glioma model derived from C57BL\/6 mice. This cell line is widely used in neuro-oncology research due to its ability to closely mimic the aggressive and invasive characteristics of human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GL261 cells grow as adherent cultures and form tumors when injected intracranially into syngeneic hosts, making them an ideal model for studying glioma progression, tumor microenvironment interactions, and therapeutic responses in an immunocompetent setting.\nGL261 cells are known for their high proliferative capacity and expression of various glioma-associated markers, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100. They exhibit mutations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, including p53 and PTEN, which are commonly altered in human GBM. This genetic profile, along with their robust in vivo tumorigenicity, has made GL261 a valuable tool for preclinical evaluation of anti-glioma therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy approaches. Researchers also utilize GL261 cells to investigate the mechanisms of glioma invasion and resistance to treatment, contributing to the development of more effective clinical strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101428\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950204383597,"sku":"305225","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/gl261-_282_29_1920x1920_e7e3739c-3476-42c1-83d9-69610d3ea0eb.jpg?v=1769069028"},{"product_id":"hcc1937-cell-bhc11101038","title":"HCC1937 cell","description":"HCC1937 is a human breast carcinoma cell line derived from a primary tumor of an adult female. This cell line exhibits several genetic alterations characteristic of aggressive breast cancer phenotypes, including a homozygous mutation in the BRCA1 gene (5382C mutation), which is a notable marker for predisposition to breast cancer. The presence of this mutation aligns with a familial pattern of breast cancer as it is also detected in other family members, indicating a hereditary aspect to the malignancy. Additionally, HCC1937 has an acquired mutation in the TP53 gene coupled with the loss of the wild-type allele, further compounding its tumor suppressor deficiencies.\n\nThe cell line also displays a homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene and exhibits loss of heterozygosity at multiple loci involved in cancer pathogenesis, suggesting a complex genetic background conducive to oncogenic transformation. From a phenotypic perspective, HCC1937 does not express the estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR), categorizing it as ER-negative and PR-negative, which are typical markers for more aggressive disease courses. Moreover, the cells do not express Her2-neu and p53, but are positive for epithelial glycoprotein 2 (EGP2) and cytokeratin 19, which are indicative of their epithelial origin and malignant nature. The specific marker profile and genetic makeup make HCC1937 a valuable model for studying the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer and testing targeted therapies for similar aggressive breast cancer profiles.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101038\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950205006189,"sku":"305064","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HCC1937_20P1_20305064-M_2020x01_2006102022_1920x1920_ce0b89d1-0e44-42a4-8949-25c2bfa3fba5.jpg?v=1769069036"},{"product_id":"hcc366-cell-bhc11101395","title":"HCC366 cell","description":"HCC366 is a cell line derived from a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specifically categorized as lung adenocarcinoma. This cell line was established from the malignant pleural effusion of an 80-year old female patient. HCC366 is particularly noted for its characteristic expression of mutations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, which makes it a valuable model for studying the molecular mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma and for testing therapeutic strategies targeted at these genetic alterations.\n\nIn research contexts, HCC366 has been utilized to explore the efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents, as well as to understand resistance mechanisms to treatment. This cell line has also contributed to the investigation of the interaction between genetic mutations and response to targeted therapies, offering insights that are crucial for the development of personalized medicine approaches in lung cancer. Studies using HCC366 can help elucidate the biological behaviors typical of lung adenocarcinomas, such as cell proliferation, migration,\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101395\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950205071725,"sku":"302155","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HCC366_20P1_2010x01_20280923_ch00_1920x1920_ad871d89-ff0b-4d75-8198-a375836a94dc.jpg?v=1769069037"},{"product_id":"hcc4006-cell-bhc11101694","title":"HCC4006 cell","description":"HCC4006 is a human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line derived from a lung adenocarcinoma. It is characterized by an activating exon 19 deletion in the EGFR gene, which makes it particularly sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as erlotinib and gefitinib. This feature has made HCC4006 a widely used model for studying EGFR-mutant NSCLC and resistance mechanisms to EGFR-targeted therapies. In the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), HCC4006 has been comprehensively profiled at the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic levels, confirming its high sensitivity to EGFR inhibition and highlighting its use as a pharmacogenomic reference model.\n\nHigh-resolution genomic studies have revealed that HCC4006 displays a relatively simple karyotype compared to other NSCLC models, which may facilitate clearer interpretation of drug responses and genomic alterations. It lacks common resistance mutations such as T790M in the EGFR gene, making it suitable for modeling initial treatment responses. However, resistance can be induced in vitro, allowing researchers to study mechanisms of acquired resistance. For example, resistance to EGFR TKIs in HCC4006 has been linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activation of alternative signaling pathways, such as AXL kinase overexpression.\n\nHCC4006 has also been assessed in large-scale transcriptomic comparisons of cell lines and primary tumors. It is one of the lung adenocarcinoma cell lines that demonstrates a moderate correlation to primary tumor gene expression profiles, though the degree of correlation can vary depending on the purity of the tumor samples used for comparison. These analyses underscore the relevance of HCC4006 in modeling certain molecular aspects of lung adenocarcinoma, particularly those associated with EGFR-driven oncogenesis, while also emphasizing its limitations in fully recapitulating the heterogeneity of primary tumors.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101694\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950205137261,"sku":"305785","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HCC4006_20WAKO_20P1_2010x01_20120825_ch00_1920x1920_f2275c4a-eb49-41c9-a387-3149412ed77e.jpg?v=1769069037"},{"product_id":"hcc827-cell-bhc11101124","title":"HCC827 cell","description":"HCC827 is a human non-small cell lung cancer cell line derived from the lung adenocarcinoma of a middle-aged female patient. These cells exhibit an epithelial morphology and are often used in research related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). HCC827 cells are particularly noted for their sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), specifically those targeting EGFR mutations. This characteristic makes them a valuable model for studying the molecular mechanisms of lung cancer responsiveness to EGFR inhibitors, as well as for testing the efficacy of new therapeutic agents targeting EGFR-dependent pathways.\n\nThe cell line is also used to explore the mechanisms of acquired resistance to targeted therapies, which is a significant challenge in the treatment of lung cancer. Studies utilizing HCC827 cells have contributed to a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic alterations that confer resistance to EGFR inhibitors. These findings have implications for the development of strategies to overcome resistance and improve treatment outcomes in lung cancer patients. Furthermore, the HCC827 cell line serves as a tool for investigating the broader cellular and molecular landscape of lung adenocarcinoma, including studies on cell signaling, tumor microenvironment, and cancer metastasis.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101124\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950205235565,"sku":"305041","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HCC827_20P0_20305041-M_2010x01_2014112022_1920x1920_aa02a22a-5322-4241-a65f-0c12b7ac66f5.jpg?v=1769069039"},{"product_id":"hep3b-cell-bhc11101068","title":"HEP3B cell","description":"The Hep3B cell line, derived from an 8-year-old child with liver cancer, is a pivotal model in the study of human liver cancer cells and their responses to various therapeutic agents. Hep3B cells contain an integrated hepatitis B virus genome and is integral in the investigation of differential drug responses due to its unique genetic and phenotypic characteristics.\nThe Hep 3B human hepatoma cell line is renowned for its extensive expression of liver-specific proteins such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, and various other markers, making it an invaluable tool in drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity studies. This wide array of expressed proteins allows for a comprehensive assessment of how liver cancer cells interact with and metabolize therapeutic agents.\nThe Hep 3B cell line and its derivative cell lines enable the tracking of tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, facilitating the study of liver cancer progression and the efficacy of potential treatments.\nThe Hep3B cell line stands out as a crucial resource for advancing our understanding of liver cancer biology and the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101068\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950206316909,"sku":"305141","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HEP3B_20P1_20300492-M_2010x01_2012092022_1920x1920_6ab45186-3fc8-471b-950e-54c4f18d52f9.jpg?v=1769069051"},{"product_id":"hep-53-4-cell-bhc11100378","title":"Hep-53.4 cell","description":"Hep-53.4 cells are a mouse-derived cell line originating from hepatocellular carcinoma in a C57BL\/6J mouse model. These cells are particularly useful in the study of hepatocellular carcinoma, one of the most common types of liver cancer. By providing a consistent, reproducible model system, Hep-53.4 cells allow researchers to delve into the intricacies of cancer biology specific to the liver. This includes the exploration of oncogenic pathways, the effects of genetic modifications, and the cellular environment's role in cancer progression.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100378\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950206349677,"sku":"400200","price":650.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/hep-53-4-_281_29_1920x1920_a56d4f1d-472b-45b5-866e-05305b80171d.jpg?v=1769069051"},{"product_id":"hep-56-1b-cell-bhc11100385","title":"Hep-56.1B cell","description":"The Hep-70.4 hepatoma cell line is derived from a mouse liver tumor, specifically from the C57BL\/6J mouse strain. This cell line is notable for its mutations in the p53 gene, which were identified at different passages during in vitro propagation. At passage number 8, a weak additional signal was detected in the single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, indicating the presence of a p53 mutation. By passage number 38, two distinct p53 point mutations were identified: a G:C to C:G transversion at codon 135 and a C:G to G:C transversion at codon 138 of exon 5. These mutations led to amino acid changes from alanine to proline and cysteine to tryptophan, respectively.\n\nThe Hep-70.4 cell line displays a morphological phenotype that varies significantly during its propagation. Some sublines exhibit an epithelial morphology, while others show a fibroblast-like appearance. This heterogeneity reflects the complex nature of the cell line and its adaptability under different culture conditions. The presence of both normal and mutated p53 alleles in the early passages suggests that the mutations confer a selective growth advantage, leading to the predominance of mutated clones over time.\n\nIntermediate filament protein analysis of the Hep-70.4 cell line revealed the expression of simple keratins K8 and K18, which are typical of normal liver cells, as well as vimentin and keratin K19 to varying degrees. These protein patterns confirm the hepatocytic origin of the cell line and its classification as a hepatoma line. The genomic stability of Hep-70.4 was further assessed through DNA fingerprint analysis, which did not reveal any major structural abnormalities, although changes in the relative intensities of certain bands were observed with increasing passage numbers.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100385\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950206939501,"sku":"400202","price":650.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/hep-56-1b-_281_29_1920x1920_7dedb684-308e-4fa6-8bb6-ec49d82e2e70.jpg?v=1769069052"},{"product_id":"hepg2-cell-bhc11100234","title":"HepG2 cell","description":"HepG2 cells, a hepatoblastoma cell line, are a cornerstone in biological science, particularly in liver cancer research. The HepG2 cell line was first isolated in 1975 and initially misclassified as hepatocellular carcinoma, with the HepG2 cell line origin as hepatoblastoma being recognized later, clarifying years of scientific ambiguity.\nHuman hepatic cell lines such as HepG2 are commonly used as in vitro models for primary human hepatocytes. These cell lines offer advantages such as indefinite proliferation, stable phenotype, easy accessibility, and ease of manipulation. However, they exhibit reduced expression of some metabolic functions compared to primary hepatocytes. Derived from hepatocellular carcinoma, HepG2 cells proliferate quickly and have an epithelial-like morphology, performing many specialized hepatic functions. Despite these differences, HepG2 cells are widely used in studying drug metabolism and toxicity, thanks to their resemblance to hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma cells in terms of drug metabolism and transport proteins.\nHepG2 is a human liver cancer cell line often used in research, including studies on drug metabolism and toxicity. However, one of the limitations of hepatoma HepG2 cells is their altered expression of certain liver-specific functions, including the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are essential for the metabolism of xenobiotics (foreign compounds such as drugs and carcinogens) in the liver. The altered or reduced expression of these enzymes in HepG2 cells can affect their ability to accurately model the metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics, which is a critical aspect of liver function.\nThe HepG2 cell line, alongside other hepatoma cell lines such as the Hep3B and human hepatoma HepaRG cell lines, contributes to a broader understanding of human liver carcinoma cells. The cell line stands out for its versatility, serving as an optimal choice for stable cell line generation, transfection studies, drug metabolism, and hepatotoxicity studies. Furthermore, the HepG2 cell line is pivotal in a range of applications, from 3D cell culture to high-throughput screening and toxicology.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100234\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950207365485,"sku":"300198","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HepG2_20waKo1_20P1_2020x01_20060625_ch00_1920x1920_61eef594-0083-4771-abc6-2502c1646880.jpg?v=1769069057"},{"product_id":"hl-60-cell-bhc11100308","title":"HL-60 cell","description":"HL-60 cells, originating from a 36-year-old female with acute promyelocytic leukemia, serve as a vital model in cancer research, particularly in studying hematological malignancies, due to their ability to differentiate into mature white blood cells and mimic innate immune responses, aiding in the understanding of leukemic progression, cellular oncogene expression, and therapeutic target identification.\nThe ability of HL-60 cells to differentiate into mature white blood cells, such as granulocytes and monocytes, through agents like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or retinoic acid, underscores their significance in studies related to human myeloid cell differentiation and sheds light on the mechanisms underpinning leukemic progression and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.\nHL-60 human myeloid leukemia cells are integral to research focusing on apoptosis, cell activation, and the cell cycle, including the regulation of key oncogenes like the c-myc proto-oncogene and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha). Their capability to form extracellular traps, structures involved in trapping and killing pathogens, which mirrors the innate immune response seen in primary neutrophils, makes HL-60 cells a useful model for studying the immune aspects of leukemia and how leukemic cells interact with the immune system.\nMoreover, the responsiveness of HL-60 cells to signaling pathways such as the MAPK pathway and various kinases is crucial for dissecting the molecular mechanisms driving leukemic cell proliferation and differentiation. This aspect is particularly beneficial for identifying therapeutic targets and developing new treatment strategies for leukemia.\nHL-60 cells are a critical resource in cancer research, offering insights into hematological malignancies, leukemic progression, and potential therapeutic targets through their unique differentiation capabilities and mimicry of immune responses.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100308\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950208512365,"sku":"300209","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HL-60_20WaKo_20P1_2020x01_20140325_ch00_1920x1920_68f699ff-cf7f-4fb9-892f-9615161cff1d.jpg?v=1769069067"},{"product_id":"hmc3-cell-bhc11101245","title":"HMC3 cell","description":"The Human Microglial Clone 3 (HMC3) cell line was developed in 1995 by Professor Tardieu's team through the SV40-dependent immortalization of microglial cells from human spinal cord and cortical tissues, obtained from embryos aged between 8 to 12 weeks. These primary cells, characterized by slow division and complex morphologies, were initially cultured for 10-15 days before immortalization. The HMC3 cells maintained several key features of primary microglia, such as a diverse expression of myeloid markers like CD68, CD11b, and CD14, though the expression levels varied notably with the choice of primary antibody, particularly for CD68.\nFollowing immortalization, the HMC3 cells exhibited enhanced proliferation rates, with doubling times between 24 and 48 hours, while preserving many phenotypic and morphological characteristics of their primary counterparts. Notably, there was a higher proportion of CD68 EBM\/11-positive cells and a reduction in phagocytic activity compared to the primary cells. Stability in antigenic expression was confirmed across 35 passages, with the cells remaining positive for NSE, CD68, and CD11b, but negative for CD14, MHCII, and CD4 under baseline conditions. However, exposure to interferon-γ (IFNγ) elevated MHCII expression, aligning more closely with primary culture responses to the same treatment.\nFunctionally, the HMC3 line distinguished itself by producing higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) under basal conditions compared to other clones. Despite this, a direct comparison with primary microglial cells' cytokine production remains challenging due to methodological differences. The response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in these immortalized lines appeared diminished relative to primary cultures. Consistent with primary microglial characteristics, the HMC3 and other cloned lines did not produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), either spontaneously or following pro-inflammatory stimulation, highlighting a specific trait of human embryonic microglia.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101245\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950208577901,"sku":"300102","price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HMC-3_20P1_2020x01_20140623_1920x1920_48698c4d-7e70-44c0-9e8d-6c9a5469d5c2.jpg?v=1769069067"},{"product_id":"hs-578t-cell-bhc11101113","title":"Hs 578T cell","description":"The Hs 578T cell line is a human breast cancer cell line derived from a carcinoma of the mammary gland. These cells exhibit an epithelial-like morphology and are characterized by their adherent growth pattern. The Hs 578T cell line is commonly used in cancer research, particularly for studying the mechanisms of breast cancer progression and metastasis. The cells display mutations in the TP53 gene, which is a critical tumor suppressor gene, and this mutation is often associated with the aggressive behavior of certain cancer types.\n\nHs 578T cells are hormone receptor-negative, meaning they do not express estrogen or progesterone receptors, which classifies them as triple-negative breast cancer cells. This makes them particularly valuable in research focused on treatments for this aggressive subtype of breast cancer, which typically has fewer therapeutic options and a poorer prognosis compared to hormone receptor-positive breast cancers. Researchers utilize the Hs 578T cell line to explore various aspects of tumor biology, including cell proliferation, migration, and response to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.\n\nThe Hs 578T cell line also expresses vimentin, a marker associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that plays a crucial role in cancer metastasis. Studies involving these cells help to elucidate the molecular pathways involved in EMT and provide insights into potential therapeutic targets to inhibit cancer spread. Additionally, the Hs 578T cells have been used in drug screening assays to identify compounds with potential anti-cancer activity.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101113\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950211658093,"sku":"305089","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/Hs_20578T_20P1_2010x01_20050525_ch00_1920x1920_65b8402d-e903-47c5-8d75-15175d21e5b6.jpg?v=1769069105"},{"product_id":"ht-29-cell-bhc11100407","title":"HT-29 cell","description":"The HT-29 cell line, derived from a Grade II human colorectal adenocarcinoma, represents a cornerstone research model in the study of human colon cancers. Derived from a primary tumor in a 44-year-old female in 1964, HT22 cells have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the adhesion or invasion mechanisms of cancer cells. As a human adenocarcinoma cell line, HT-29 cells exhibit characteristics that closely mimic those of mature intestinal cells, such as enterocytes, underscoring their utility in exploring the dynamics of food digestion and nutrient bioavailability.\nHT-29 cells are sensitive to conventional colorectal cancer chemotherapies, including 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. This sensitivity, coupled with their ability to express differentiation pathways under specific conditions, such as glucose deprivation or treatment with inducers like butyrate, makes them an invaluable model for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying cell differentiation and cancer progression.\nMoreover, HT-29 cells have been utilized as a xenograft tumor model, providing a platform for in vivo studies that mimic the tumor's behavior in the human body. This application allows for the exploration of tumor growth, metastasis, and the efficacy of therapeutic agents in in vivo situations.\nIn summary, the HT-29 cell line is a pivotal tool in medical and biological research, facilitating a deeper understanding of human colon adenocarcinoma, the molecular basis of cancer cell differentiation, and the development of effective cancer treatments.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100407\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950212051309,"sku":"300215","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ht-29-_281_29_1920x1920_cd0a3785-650a-44f8-adfd-53c6103b6265.jpg?v=1769069109"},{"product_id":"hucc-t1-cell-bhc11101112","title":"HuCC-T1 cell","description":"HuCC-T1 is a human cholangiocarcinoma cell line established from an intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma. Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. HuCC-T1 cells have been utilized extensively in research to study the pathophysiology of cholangiocarcinoma and to explore potential therapeutic approaches. The cell line is particularly valuable in studying the effects of various chemotherapeutic agents, including statins, which have shown potential in suppressing the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma cells.\n\nIn studies involving HuCC-T1, statins such as pitavastatin and atorvastatin were observed to significantly inhibit cell proliferation, particularly when combined with conventional chemotherapeutic agents like gemcitabine, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The combination of these drugs resulted in enhanced suppression of cell growth, indicating potential synergistic effects. The mechanism of action involves the induction of apoptosis via suppression of the MAPK\/ERK signaling pathway, as evidenced by increased levels of cleaved caspase-3 and reduced levels of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK). These findings suggest that statins may serve as a promising adjunct therapy in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, potentially improving outcomes when used alongside existing anticancer drugs.\n\nFurthermore, the HuCC-T1 cell line has been characterized for various molecular markers, including p53 gene status, which plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. The precise p53 mutation status in HuCC-T1 could provide insights into the cell line's response to DNA-damaging agents and its overall tumorigenic potential. Given its molecular characteristics, HuCC-T1 continues to be a pivotal tool in cholangiocarcinoma research, offering insights into the disease's molecular underpinnings and aiding in the development of novel therapeutic strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101112\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950212149613,"sku":"300469","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HuCCT-1_20P1_20300469_2010x01_20020323_1920x1920_178a6f7d-b98d-40a0-b046-cd1ae8731bcf.jpg?v=1769069110"},{"product_id":"huh-6-cell-bhc11101101","title":"HuH-6 cell","description":"The HuH-6 cell line is a human hepatoblastoma cell line derived from the liver tissue of a child diagnosed with hepatoblastoma, a rare malignant liver tumor that primarily affects pediatric patients. HuH-6 cells exhibit characteristics typical of hepatic lineage, including the expression of hepatocyte-associated markers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, and cytokeratins. These cells are adherent in culture and display epithelial morphology, making them a valuable in vitro model for studying liver development, hepatoblastoma pathogenesis, and liver-specific metabolic functions.\n\nHuH-6 cells are particularly useful in research focused on pediatric liver cancers, as they retain many of the molecular features observed in primary hepatoblastoma tissues. These include the activation of Wnt\/β-catenin signaling, a pathway frequently implicated in hepatoblastoma tumorigenesis. The cell line has also been employed in studies investigating the effects of chemotherapeutic agents, drug metabolism, and resistance mechanisms, as well as in the exploration of gene expression profiles associated with tumor progression and differentiation. Due to their reproducibility and consistent growth characteristics, HuH-6 cells serve as a robust model system for both basic liver cancer research and preclinical drug screening.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101101\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950212182381,"sku":"305092","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/HuH-6_20P1_2020x01_20150725_ch00_1920x1920_0912fe2c-6130-4028-8204-75e74f000e00.jpg?v=1769069111"},{"product_id":"huh7-cell-bhc11101666","title":"HuH7 cell","description":"HuH-7 cells are a type of epithelial-like, tumorigenic cell line initially taken from a liver tumor in a 57-year-old Japanese male in 1982. The human hepatoma-derived HuH-7 cell line and its derivatives have been widely used in research as a convenient experimental substitute for primary hepatocytes. In particular, they have been instrumental in hepatitis C research and used as host cells for propagating the virus in vitro. HuH-7 cells have played a crucial role in hepatitis C research, especially when it comes to drug development. Prior to 2005, researchers were unable to cultivate the hepatitis C virus in the laboratory, making it difficult to test potential drug candidates against it.\nThe introduction of the HuH-7 cell line changed that. These cells are highly permissive to the replication of the hepatitis C virus, making them ideal for in vitro testing. By using the HuH-7 cells, researchers were able to screen drug candidates against laboratory-grown hepatitis C, which paved the way for the development of new drugs to fight the virus. Unlike other established human hepatoma cell lines, HuH-7 cells can be propagated in a chemically defined medium containing trace amounts of selenium in place of serum. This allows for systematic studies of the in vitro effects of various compounds on their growth and metabolism.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101666\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950212215149,"sku":"300156","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/huh7-_281_29__281_29.jpg?v=1769069111"},{"product_id":"ins-1-cell-bhc11101186","title":"INS-1 cell","description":"The INS-1 cell line is derived from an x-ray-created transplantable insulinoma in rats. Because INS-1 cells contain a high concentration of insulin and respond to changes in glucose levels, they are frequently used to study the function of beta cells. Growth and hormone expression are dependent on the reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanol.\nINS-1 cells are notable for their heterogeneity, consisting of mature insulin-positive cells and immature bi-hormonal cells expressing insulin and glucagon proteins. \nBi-hormonal INS-1 cells have lower Nkx6.1 expression and lack alpha cell markers, indicating they are not fully matured. Furthermore, chronic glucose stimulation reduces insulin gene and protein expression in INS-1 cells. As such, insulin and proglucagon-derived peptides like GLP-1, GLP-2, and glucagon levels are reduced.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101186\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950212739437,"sku":"300471","price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/INS-1_20P3_20300471-M_2010x03_20270223_20in_206-wellplate_1920x1920_4c30ca47-14c9-4716-bd3b-3130d11217ec.jpg?v=1769069115"},{"product_id":"jurkat-cell-bhc11101322","title":"Jurkat cell","description":"Jurkat cells, which originated from the peripheral blood of a 14-year-old with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), are a well-known human T lymphocyte cell line commonly used in cell biology studies, particularly in cancer research and immune system disorder investigations. These cells play a crucial role in understanding various cellular processes, including cell death mechanisms, autophagy activity, and cytoplasmic transcription factors.\nJurkat cells are commonly used in HIV research due to their expression of the CD4 receptor on their cell membrane. The CD4 receptor is a primary receptor that HIV uses to enter host cells. Because Jurkat cells express this receptor, they can be infected by HIV, making them a useful model for studying HIV's interactions with human T cells, which are a major target of the virus in the human body. The utilization of Jurkat cells in HIV activation and the HIV infection life cycle studies has significantly contributed to understanding the virus's interactions with human cells and has been instrumental in identifying potential targets for antiretroviral therapies.\nJurkat cells further play a pivotal role in biomedical research, particularly in the evaluation of cytotoxicity and cell viability assays. This makes them indispensable for testing the effectiveness of potential cancer therapies and agents that modulate the immune response. By employing Jurkat cells, scientists can meticulously analyze the effects of cytotoxic compounds on the integrity and function of the cell membrane, including aspects related to cell membrane permeability and their transport properties.\nFurthermore, the presence of mutations in the Lck gene within Jurkat cells, which leads to sustained activation of T-cells, provides a unique model for in-depth studies of T-cell activation and signaling pathways. This is essential for understanding the complex processes of lymphocyte activation, which encompasses the cell cycle, cellular growth, and differentiation. Such insights are crucial for developing strategies to modulate immune responses in various diseases.\nThe creation of a specific Jurkat cell derivative, known as Jurkat E6.1, has significantly advanced our comprehension of cellular mechanisms. This derivative offers a refined tool for probing into the nuanced behaviors of cell membranes and the physiological responses of individual cells under experimental conditions. Through the use of Jurkat E6.1 cells, researchers have been able to shed light on fundamental cellular processes and their implications for health and disease.\nIn summary, Jurkat cells serve as invaluable tools in a wide range of research areas, from cancer biology to HIV infection studies, offering insights into cell biology, immune system function, and potential therapeutic interventions.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101322\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950213067117,"sku":"302147","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/jurkat-_282_29.jpg?v=1769069117"},{"product_id":"l6-cell-bhc11101430","title":"L6 cell","description":"The L6 cell line is a well-established model derived from rat skeletal muscle tissue. These cells are notable for their ability to differentiate into myotubes, making them a valuable tool for studying muscle development, regeneration, and physiology. L6 cells exhibit robust proliferative capacity and are commonly used in research focusing on muscle cell biology, including studies on muscle protein synthesis, hypertrophy, and atrophy. The differentiation process in L6 cells can be induced under specific culture conditions, leading to the formation of multinucleated myotubes that closely mimic the characteristics of mature skeletal muscle fibers.\nIn addition to their applications in muscle physiology research, L6 cells are also employed in metabolic studies, particularly those involving glucose uptake and insulin signaling pathways. These cells express insulin receptors and can be used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance and diabetes. The L6 cell line's responsiveness to various metabolic stimuli makes it an ideal model for exploring the effects of different treatments or genetic modifications on muscle metabolism. Overall, L6 cells provide a versatile and reliable platform for advancing our understanding of muscle biology and metabolic diseases.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101430\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950214279533,"sku":"305231","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/L6_20WaKo_20P1_2010x01_20300824_ch00_1920x1920_5790063f-e80f-480b-8d76-349d1ecb0604.jpg?v=1769069130"},{"product_id":"lx-2-cell-bhc11101263","title":"LX-2 cell","description":"LX-2 is a human hepatic stellate cell line that has become a standard model for studying liver fibrosis. This cell line was immortalized from primary human hepatic stellate cells, retaining many of the in vivo characteristics necessary for the study of stellate cell activation, interaction with other liver cell types, and response to inflammatory signals. LX-2 cells are particularly noted for their utility in research focused on the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and the evaluation of anti-fibrotic drugs. They express a variety of markers relevant to stellate cell function and fibrogenesis, including alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and type I collagen.\n\nThe cell line offers an advantageous model due to its stable phenotype and responsiveness to cytokines and growth factors typically involved in liver disease processes. LX-2 cells are used to examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis, including the role of stellate cells in extracellular matrix deposition and the modulation of these processes by therapeutic agents. These cells provide a reproducible and controlled in vitro environment that supports high-throughput screening and mechanistic studies, making them valuable for both basic research and pharmaceutical development targeting liver diseases.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101263\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950215065965,"sku":"305039","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/LX-2_20_283_29_1920x1920_11fa47ae-9b7c-4c3b-9965-58f256fc2f90.jpg?v=1769069138"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/collections\/featured-products.oembed?page=10","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}