{"title":"iPSC-Derived Cells","description":"\u003cp\u003eHuman iPSC-derived cells — characterized, quality-controlled and ready to plate. Start disease-modeling and screening assays in days instead of running weeks of in-house differentiation.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-sod1-mutant-a4v-hom-bhc18500136","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpinal motor neurons (MNs) are a highly specialized type of neurons that reside in the ventral horns and project axons to muscles to control their movement. Degeneration of MNs is implicated in a number of devastating diseases, including spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Charcot-Marie-Tooth and poliomyelitis disease. iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of these diseases. Mutations (over 150 identified to date) in the SOD1 gene have been linked to familial ALS [1-3] . The most frequent mutations are A4V and H46R. A4V (alanine at codon 4 changed to valine) is the most common ALS-causing mutation in the U.S. population, with approximately 50% of SOD1-ALS patients carrying the A4V mutation [4-6] . Approximately 10 percent of all U.S. familial ALS cases are caused by heterozygous A4V mutations in SOD1. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the A4V mutation (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials (2 million cells\/vial) and fresh plate formats (12-well plate or 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . And after cultured in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . A4V mutation (red arrow) and two silent mutations (green arrows) have been introduced to SOD1 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500136\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197810893165,"sku":"40HU-101-1M","price":1537.12,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820035437,"sku":"40HU-101-2M","price":2344.16,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-101-1M.png?v=1775378645"},{"product_id":"human-skeletal-muscle-myoblasts-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500149","title":"Human Skeletal Muscle Myoblasts (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Skeletal Muscle Myoblasts (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Muscle within the Musculoskeletal system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eiPSC-derived skeletal muscle myoblasts are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling. iXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide ready-to-use human iPSC-derived skeletal muscle myoblasts for differentiation into functional myotubes. iXCells™ hiPSC-derived myoblasts express typical markers, e.g. MyoD and Desmin (Figure 1) and rapidly differentiate into functional myotubes expressing markers including MHC, Dystrophin and MyoG (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. Functional validation of iPSC-derived myotubes can be observed by their spontaneous twitching in the well ( Conci ). iXCells™ human iPSC-derived skeletal muscle myoblasts are available in a kit format containing both cryopreserved vials (1 or 3 million cells\/vial) along with the necessary media components to expand, differentiate and maintain the myotubes in culture for at least 4-6 weeks. Longevity of the myotubes in culture can be extended with a bi-weekly 24-hr pulse of Myoblast Expansion Medium ( Cat# MD-0102A ) followed by replacement with Myoblast Differentiation Medium ( Cat# MD-0102B ). iXCells also provide customized differentiation service with your own iPS cell lines. Please contact us at orders@ixcellsbiotech.com for more details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Muscle (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Skeletal Myoblasts; Musculoskeletal\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells originating from the Musculoskeletal system are commonly studied to understand tissue-specific physiology, signaling, and responses to perturbations in controlled in vitro settings.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eEvaluate matrix remodeling and differentiation programs in musculoskeletal cell models\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eScreen compounds or genetic perturbations for phenotype modulation using viability or imaging endpoints\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500149\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197811515757,"sku":"40HU-176-1M","price":1076.4,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 3 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197819871597,"sku":"40HU-176-3M","price":2163.2,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-176-Human-Skeletal-Muscle-Myoblasts-iPSC-derived-Normal.png?v=1775378645"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-patient-sporadic-bhc18500130","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient, Sporadic)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient, Sporadic)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpinal motor neurons (MNs) are a highly specialized type of neurons that reside in the ventral horns and project axons to muscles to control their movement. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Charcot-Marie-Tooth and poliomyelitis disease are a result of the progressive degeneration of motor neurons [1] . Furthermore, motor neurons derived from normal, or patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) enable the generation of cell models with features relevant to human physiology, thus making it a valuable tool for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and other broad range of clinical applications [2,3] . iXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide the world’s first fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived motor neurons that display typical neuronal morphology and express all key markers of motor neurons, e.g., HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, ChAT (Figure 1) when cultured in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . Moreover, whole cell patch clamp revealed that when cultured in Motor Neuron Activity Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0118-100ML) over 65% of the neurons exhibited mature spiking, and over 35% of the neurons had spontaneous activity at a holding potential of -60 mV (Figure 2) indicating the presence of a highly mature population of neurons. iXCells also provide customized differentiation service with your own iPS cell lines. Please contact us at orders@ixcellsbiotech.com for more details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500130\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197812990317,"sku":"40HU-006-1M","price":1036.88,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820100973,"sku":"40HU-006-2M","price":1993.68,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 4 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820133741,"sku":"40HU-006-4M","price":2591.68,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-006-2M.png?v=1775378647"},{"product_id":"human-dopaminergic-neurons-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500128","title":"Human Dopaminergic Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Dopaminergic Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Parkinson's Disease within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMidbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are critical for directing fundamental brain functions such voluntary movement, reward processing, and working memory. The substantia nigra (SN) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have the highest populations of DA neurons in the midbrain. The degeneration of DA neurons within the pars compacta region of the SN is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) [1] . For many years, powerful experimental model organisms like the mouse, fruit fly, and baker’s yeast have been used to study neurodegenerative diseases, providing insights into disease mechanisms like pathological aggregation of key proteins, the nature and processes of neuronal damage, the role of genetic determinants, and the contribution of neuroinflammation in fueling neuronal loss [2,3] . However, it appears that the use of these models has only partially elucidated some elements of the illnesses, impeding a meaningful translation into new treatments, diagnostics, and prevention.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Dopaminergic Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Parkinson's Disease\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500128\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197813317997,"sku":"40HU-002-1M","price":694.72,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820068205,"sku":"40HU-002-2M","price":1284.4,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-002-2M-1.png?v=1775378645"},{"product_id":"human-neural-stem-cells-ipsc-derived-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-patient-sporadic-bhc18500131","title":"Human Neural Stem Cells (iPSC-derived, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient, Sporadic)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Neural Stem Cells (iPSC-derived, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient, Sporadic)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate the main phenotype of the nervous system. They primarily differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes [1] . The recent discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) not only overcomes the ethical and logistical issues associated with human embryonic stem cells, but also provides a flexible platform for generating various differentiated cell types from diseased individuals.iPSC-derived NSCs are a potentially valuable source of in vitro models for complex, polygenic human diseases, and are potentially useful for drug discovery and cell-based therapy applications [2] . iXCells Biotechnologies provides high quality human neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from normal or diseased iPS cell lines. These cells express typical markers of neural stem and progenitor cells, e.g. Nestin, Pax6 and Sox1 (Figure 1 and Figure 2), with the purity higher than 97% (Figure 3). The cells have been fully characterized for their self-renewal and multi-potency. The iPSC-derived NSCs can be differentiated into astrocytes or motor neurons (Figure 4). Cells can further expand for 3-5 passages in Human Neural Stem Cell Growth Medium (Cat# MD-0024), but they are not recommended for extensive expansion, because the purity of the neural stem cell population may decrease. All the cells provided by iXCells are negative for mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi. HIV-1, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. The basic donor information (gender \/ age \/ race) is provided for each cell lot purchased.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Stem; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Age: Embryonic; Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500131\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197813809517,"sku":"40HU-007","price":1155.44,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-007.png?v=1775378652"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500129","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpinal motor neurons (MNs) are a highly specialized type of neurons that reside in the ventral horns and project axons to muscles to control their movement. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Charcot-Marie-Tooth and poliomyelitis disease are a result of the progressive degeneration of motor neurons [1] . Furthermore, motor neurons derived from normal, or patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) enable the generation of cell models with features relevant to human physiology, thus making it a valuable tool for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and other broad range of clinical applications [2,3] . iXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide the world’s first fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived motor neurons that display typical neuronal morphology and express all key markers of motor neurons, e.g., HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, ChAT (Figure 1) when cultured in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . Moreover, whole cell patch clamp revealed that when cultured in Motor Neuron Activity Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0118-100ML) over 65% of the neurons exhibited mature spiking, and over 35% of the neurons had spontaneous activity at a holding potential of -60 mV (Figure 2) indicating the presence of a highly mature population of neurons. iXCells also provide customized differentiation service with your own iPS cell lines. Please contact us at orders@ixcellsbiotech.com for more details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500129\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197813973357,"sku":"40HU-005-1M","price":739.44,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197819740525,"sku":"40HU-005-2M","price":1391.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 4 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197819773293,"sku":"40HU-005-4M","price":2360.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-005-2M-Human-Motor-Neurons-iPSC-derived-Normal.png?v=1782157703"},{"product_id":"human-cortical-neurons-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500132","title":"Human Cortical Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Cortical Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe human cerebral cortex is composed of a mix of cell types including long-range excitatory projection (or pyramidal) neurons and local inhibitory neurons. During embryonic development, excitatory and inhibitory cortical neurons originate separately outside of the cerebral cortex in the ventricular zone and subventricular zone (VZ and SVZ) and the ganglionic eminences, respectively, and migrate into the cortex in a layer specific manner [1, 2] . Cortical neurons participate in a range of higher order brain functions such as processing and integration of sensory and motor information and regulate complex behaviors. Dysfunction of cortical neuron circuits is central to the pathophysiology of many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders [3, 4, 5, 6, 7] , making these cells a useful model system for disease research [8, 9] . Furthermore, cortical neurons can be co-cultured with other cell types to recapitulate disease phenotypes [5, 10] .\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cortical Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Age: Embryonic\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500132\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197814432109,"sku":"40HU-009-1M","price":642.72,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-009.png?v=1782157706"},{"product_id":"human-neural-stem-cells-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500127","title":"Human Neural Stem Cells (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Neural Stem Cells (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate the main phenotype of the nervous system. They primarily differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes [1] . The recent discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) not only overcomes the ethical and logistical issues associated with human embryonic stem cells, but also provides a flexible platform for generating various differentiated cell types from diseased individuals.iPSC-derived NSCs are a potentially valuable source of in vitro models for complex, polygenic human diseases, and are potentially useful for drug discovery and cell-based therapy applications [2] . iXCells Biotechnologies provides high quality human neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from normal or diseased iPS cell lines. These cells express typical markers of neural stem and progenitor cells, e.g. Nestin, Pax6 and Sox1 (Figure 1 and Figure 2), with the purity higher than 97% (Figure 3). The cells have been fully characterized for their self-renewal and multi-potency. The iPSC-derived NSCs can be differentiated into astrocytes or motor neurons (Figure 4). Cells can further expand for 3-5 passages in Human Neural Stem Cell Growth Medium (Cat# MD-0024), but they are not recommended for extensive expansion, because the purity of the neural stem cell population may decrease. All the cells provided by iXCells are negative for mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi. HIV-1, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. The basic donor information (gender \/ age \/ race) is provided for each cell lot purchased.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Stem; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Age: Embryonic\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500127\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197815382381,"sku":"40HU-001","price":1040.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-001-1.png?v=1775378648"},{"product_id":"human-dopaminergic-neurons-ipsc-derived-chchd2-r145q-hom-bhc18500310","title":"Human Dopaminergic Neurons (iPSC-derived, CHCHD2, R145Q, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Dopaminergic Neurons (iPSC-derived, CHCHD2, R145Q, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Parkinson's Disease within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMidbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are critical for directing fundamental brain functions such voluntary movement, reward processing, and working memory. The substantia nigra (SN) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have the highest populations of DA neurons in the midbrain. The degeneration of DA neurons within the pars compacta region of the SN is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) [1] . For many years, powerful experimental model organisms like the mouse, fruit fly, and baker’s yeast have been used to study neurodegenerative diseases, providing insights into disease mechanisms like pathological aggregation of key proteins, the nature and processes of neuronal damage, the role of genetic determinants, and the contribution of neuroinflammation in fueling neuronal loss [2,3] . However, it appears that the use of these models has only partially elucidated some elements of the illnesses, impeding a meaningful translation into new treatments, diagnostics, and prevention.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Dopaminergic Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Parkinson's Disease\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500310\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197817446765,"sku":"40HU-002-CHCHD2-R145Q-HOM-1M","price":840.32,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197821051245,"sku":"40HU-002-CHCHD2-R145Q-HOM-2M","price":1601.6,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-002-HOM-with-BG.jpg?v=1782157705"},{"product_id":"human-dopaminergic-neurons-ipsc-derived-chchd2-r145q-iso-bhc18500311","title":"Human Dopaminergic Neurons (iPSC-derived, CHCHD2, R145Q, ISO)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Dopaminergic Neurons (iPSC-derived, CHCHD2, R145Q, ISO)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Parkinson's Disease within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMidbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are critical for directing fundamental brain functions such voluntary movement, reward processing, and working memory. The substantia nigra (SN) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have the highest populations of DA neurons in the midbrain. The degeneration of DA neurons within the pars compacta region of the SN is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) [1] . For many years, powerful experimental model organisms like the mouse, fruit fly, and baker’s yeast have been used to study neurodegenerative diseases, providing insights into disease mechanisms like pathological aggregation of key proteins, the nature and processes of neuronal damage, the role of genetic determinants, and the contribution of neuroinflammation in fueling neuronal loss [2,3] . However, it appears that the use of these models has only partially elucidated some elements of the illnesses, impeding a meaningful translation into new treatments, diagnostics, and prevention.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Dopaminergic Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Parkinson's Disease\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500311\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197817774445,"sku":"40HU-002-CHCHD2-R145Q-ISO-1M","price":840.32,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820559725,"sku":"40HU-002-CHCHD2-R145Q-ISO-2M","price":1601.6,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-002-ISO-w-BG.jpg?v=1782157706"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-n352s-iso-bhc18500320","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, N352S, ISO)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, N352S, ISO)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, N352S) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous N352S mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . And after cultured in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . Heterozygous and homozygous N352S mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing. Figure 2 . Immunofluorescence staining showing HB9 and ChAT positive cells on day 2 and 7 in culture respectively.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500320\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197817872749,"sku":"40HU-102-ISO-1M","price":739.44,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820592493,"sku":"40HU-102-ISO-2M","price":1391.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-102-1M_9eefc05c-3df5-489c-ba48-a779e21526a2.png?v=1775378644"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-q331k-het-bhc18500321","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, Q331K, HET)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, Q331K, HET)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, Q331K) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous Q331K mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . After culturing in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 .Heterozygous and homozygous Q331K mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger .sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500321\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197817938285,"sku":"40HU-103-HET-1M","price":1515.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197821018477,"sku":"40HU-103-HET-2M","price":2309.84,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-103-1M.png?v=1775378645"},{"product_id":"human-astrocytes-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500312","title":"Human Astrocytes (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Astrocytes (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Glial within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAstrocytes are a crucial component of the human central nervous system. Astrocytes’ diverse and heterogeneous character allows them to serve a variety of important activities during brain formation as well as afterwards in neuronal homeostasis and synaptic transmission [1] . Since they engage in the development of synapses, and neurotransmitter recycling, astrocytes are crucial for the construction and plasticity of brain circuits [2] . In addition, astrocytes are immunocompetent cells that participate in neuroinflammation by secreting cytokines and chemokines, which may have protective or detrimental consequences for neuronal survival [3] . iXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived human astrocytes that display typical astrocytic morphology and express key markers of e.g., GFAP, ALDH1L1 (Figure 1A,B) when cultured in the Human Astrocyte Maintenance Medium (Cat# MD-0109-100ML) . In addition, our iPSC-derived Astrocytes can also be co-cultured with cortical neurons or other cell types for drug screening platforms (Figure 1C-E) and can respond to inflammatory stimuli (Figure 2) and moreover affect neurite length of neurons when previously stimulated collected conditioned media is applied (Figure 3). Figure 1. Human iPSCs derived astrocytes show expression of characteristic biological markers. (A) Immunostaining of iPSC-derived astrocytes expressing ALDH1L1 (green), CD44 (red), S100b (red), or GFAP (green) at day 28. All cells were counterstained for DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 200 µm. (B) Quantifications for percentage of astrocytes, positive for the listed markers over DAPI. Results are expressed as means ± SEM. (C) Cortical neurons were differentiated as a monolayer on a MEA plate and cocultured with different types of astrocytes, and subsequently neuronal activity was measured. (D) Example raster plot showing spikes (black lines) and network bursts (pink lines) in the MEA for neurons cultured with or without astrocytes. (E) At 5 days of neural differentiation, electrical parameters were measured in the MEA and the results are graphed as mean ± SEM for mean firing rate and number of spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Glial (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Astrocytes; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth properties:\u003c\/strong\u003e Adherent\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells originating from the Nervous system are commonly studied to understand tissue-specific physiology, signaling, and responses to perturbations in controlled in vitro settings.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500312\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197817971053,"sku":"40HU-008-1M","price":1080.56,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820756333,"sku":"40HU-008-2M","price":1443.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-008-1M-1-1.jpg?v=1775378645"},{"product_id":"human-astrocytes-ipsc-derived-parkinson-s-disease-patient-sporadic-bhc18500316","title":"Human Astrocytes (iPSC-derived, Parkinson's Disease Patient, Sporadic)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Astrocytes (iPSC-derived, Parkinson's Disease Patient, Sporadic)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Glial associated with Parkinson's Disease Patient, Sporadic within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAstrocytes are a crucial component of the human central nervous system. Astrocytes’ diverse and heterogeneous character allows them to serve a variety of important activities during brain formation as well as afterwards in neuronal homeostasis and synaptic transmission [1] . Since they engage in the development of synapses, and neurotransmitter recycling, astrocytes are crucial for the construction and plasticity of brain circuits [2] . In addition, astrocytes are immunocompetent cells that participate in neuroinflammation by secreting cytokines and chemokines, which may have protective or detrimental consequences for neuronal survival [3] . iXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived human astrocytes that display typical astrocytic morphology and express key markers of e.g., GFAP, ALDH1L1 (Figure 1A,B) when cultured in the Human Astrocyte Maintenance Medium (Cat# MD-0109-100ML) . In addition, our iPSC-derived Astrocytes can also be co-cultured with cortical neurons or other cell types for drug screening platforms (Figure 1C-E) and can respond to inflammatory stimuli (Figure 2) and moreover affect neurite length of neurons when previously stimulated collected conditioned media is applied (Figure 3). Figure 1. Human iPSCs derived astrocytes show expression of characteristic biological markers. (A) Immunostaining of iPSC-derived astrocytes expressing ALDH1L1 (green), CD44 (red), S100b (red), or GFAP (green) at day 28. All cells were counterstained for DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 200 µm. (B) Quantifications for percentage of astrocytes, positive for the listed markers over DAPI. Results are expressed as means ± SEM. (C) Cortical neurons were differentiated as a monolayer on a MEA plate and co_x0002_cultured with different types of astrocytes, and subsequently neuronal activity was measured. (D) Example raster plot showing spikes (black lines) and network bursts (pink lines) in the MEA for neurons cultured with or without astrocytes. (E) At 5 days of neural differentiation, electrical parameters were measured in the MEA and the results are graphed as mean ± SEM for mean firing rate and number of spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Glial (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Astrocytes; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Parkinson's Disease Patient, Sporadic\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth properties:\u003c\/strong\u003e Adherent\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells originating from the Nervous system are commonly studied to understand tissue-specific physiology, signaling, and responses to perturbations in controlled in vitro settings.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500316\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818003821,"sku":"40HU-021-1M","price":1245.92,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820920173,"sku":"40HU-021-2M","price":1666.08,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-021-1M-1.png?v=1775378644"},{"product_id":"human-glutamatergic-neurons-ipsc-derived-gfp-labeled-normal-bhc18500315","title":"Human Glutamatergic Neurons (iPSC derived, GFP labeled, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Glutamatergic Neurons (iPSC derived, GFP labeled, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rapid and highly reproducible generation of mature and functioning neurons from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), neural progenitors, or fibroblasts has been made possible through the utilization of transcription factors. These factors have played a pivotal role in facilitating investigations related to neurodevelopment, disease modeling, drug screening, and neuronal replacement therapies. By employing various combinations of transcription factors along with specific small molecules, researchers have successfully generated populations of glutamatergic neurons [1,2] .This significant breakthrough has provided valuable insights into neural processes and offered potential avenues for therapeutic advancements. This significant breakthrough has provided valuable insights into neural processes and offered potential avenues for therapeutic advancements.iXCells Biotechnologies takes pride in offering fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived glutamatergic neurons that exhibit typical neuronal morphology and express key markers associated with glutamatergic identity, such as VGLUT2, MAP2, and TUJ1 (Figure 1A, B). These neurons not only display robust neural activity but also show an increase in activity over time, indicating progressive maturation (Figure 1C, D). When cultured in the Human Glutamatergic Neuron Maturation Media (Cat# MD-0116) , our neurons provide a reliable model for studying neuronal function and responses (Figure 2). Additionally, our iPSC-derived neurons can be co-cultured with glial cells, enabling the development of comprehensive drug screening platforms to evaluate drug efficacy, neurotoxicity, and other neural responses. iXCells Biotechnologies takes pride in offering fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived glutamatergic neurons that exhibit typical neuronal morphology and express key markers associated with glutamatergic identity, such as VGLUT2, MAP2, and TUJ1 (Figure 1A, B). These neurons not only display robust neural activity but also show an increase in activity over time, indicating progressive maturation (Figure 1C, D). When cultured in the Human Glutamatergic Neuron Maturation Media (Cat# MD-0116), our neurons provide a reliable model for studying neuronal function and responses (Figure 2). Additionally, our iPSC-derived neurons can be co-cultured with glial cells, enabling the development of comprehensive drug screening platforms to evaluate drug efficacy, neurotoxicity, and other neural responses. Figure 1. Human iPSCs-derived glutamatergic neurons show expression of characteristic biological markers. (A) Immunostaining shows the expression of neuronal makers MAP2 and Tuj1 at 5 days post-thawing. (B) Immunostaining shows expression of glutamatergic marker VGLUT2, 25 days post-thawing Scale bar 30μm. (C) Glutamatergic neurons were differentiated as a monolayer on a MEA plate and co-cultured with iPSC-derived Astrocytes (40HU-008) and subsequently neuronal activity was measured. (D) The electrical parameters were measured in the MEA over time and the results are graphed as mean ± SEM for mean firing rate and number of spikes..\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Glutamatergic Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth properties:\u003c\/strong\u003e Adherent\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500315\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818036589,"sku":"40HU-014-GFP-1M","price":760.24,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820887405,"sku":"40HU-014-GFP-2M","price":1303.12,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-014-GFP-1M-optimized.jpg?v=1775378646"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-n352s-het-bhc18500318","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, N352S, HET)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, N352S, HET)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, N352S) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous N352S mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . And after cultured in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . Heterozygous and homozygous N352S mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing. Figure 2 . Immunofluorescence staining showing HB9 and ChAT positive cells on day 2 and 7 in culture respectively.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500318\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818069357,"sku":"40HU-102-HET-1M","price":1515.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820952941,"sku":"40HU-102-HET-2M","price":2309.84,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-102-1M.png?v=1775378644"},{"product_id":"human-astrocytes-ipsc-negative-derived-psen2-mutant-n141i-het-bhc18500313","title":"Human Astrocytes (iPSC- derived, PSEN2 mutant, N141I,HET)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Astrocytes (iPSC- derived, PSEN2 mutant, N141I,HET)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Alzheimer's Disease within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAstrocytes are a crucial component of the human central nervous system. Astrocytes’ diverse and heterogeneous character allows them to serve a variety of important activities during brain formation as well as afterwards in neuronal homeostasis and synaptic transmission [1] . Since they engage in the development of synapses, and neurotransmitter recycling, astrocytes are crucial for the construction and plasticity of brain circuits [2] . In addition, astrocytes are immunocompetent cells that participate in neuroinflammation by secreting cytokines and chemokines, which may have protective or detrimental consequences for neuronal survival [3] . iXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide fully differentiated and functional human iPSC-derived human astrocytes that display typical astrocytic morphology and express key markers of e.g., GFAP, ALDH1L1 (Figure 1A,B) when cultured in the Human Astrocyte Maintenance Medium (Cat# MD-0109-100ML) . In addition, our iPSC-derived Astrocytes can also be co-cultured with cortical neurons or other cell types for drug screening platforms (Figure 1C-E) and can respond to inflammatory stimuli (Figure 2) and moreover affect neurite length of neurons when previously stimulated collected conditioned media is applied (Figure 3). Figure 1. Human iPSCs derived astrocytes show expression of characteristic biological markers. (A) Immunostaining of iPSC-derived astrocytes expressing ALDH1L1 (green), CD44 (red), S100b (red), or GFAP (green) at day 28. All cells were counterstained for DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 200 µm. (B) Quantifications for percentage of astrocytes, positive for the listed markers over DAPI. Results are expressed as means ± SEM. (C) Cortical neurons were differentiated as a monolayer on a MEA plate and co_x0002_cultured with different types of astrocytes, and subsequently neuronal activity was measured. (D) Example raster plot showing spikes (black lines) and network bursts (pink lines) in the MEA for neurons cultured with or without astrocytes. (E) At 5 days of neural differentiation, electrical parameters were measured in the MEA and the results are graphed as mean ± SEM for mean firing rate and number of spikes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Astrocytes; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Alzheimer's Disease\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eGrowth properties:\u003c\/strong\u003e Adherent\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500313\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818102125,"sku":"40HU-008-PSEN2-N141I-HET-1M","price":1245.92,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820789101,"sku":"40HU-008-PSEN2-N141I-HET-2M","price":1666.08,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-008-PSEN2-N141I-HET-1M.png?v=1775378646"},{"product_id":"human-sensory-neurons-ipsc-derived-normal-bhc18500314","title":"Human Sensory Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Sensory Neurons (iPSC-derived, Normal)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSensory neurons play a crucial role in the detection and response to different types of sensory stimuli, such as touch, temperature, and pain. As one of the most significant neuronal subtypes in the human peripheral nervous system, they form neuronal-glial networks that are responsible for a variety of motor and sensory mediated functions [1] . Dysfunction of sensory neurons can lead to various neurological disorders such as pain, multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and problems with mechano- or temperature perception [2] . Understanding the biology of iPSC-derived sensory neurons can help with new treatments for these disorders, as well as improve our understanding of normal sensory function [3] .\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Sensory Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500314\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818134893,"sku":"40HU-013-1M","price":1027.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820821869,"sku":"40HU-013-2M","price":1826.24,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-013-1M-optimized.jpg?v=1775378647"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-m337v-het-bhc18500324","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, M337V, HET)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, M337V, HET)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, M337V) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous M337V mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . After culturing in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . Heterozygous and homozygous M337V mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500324\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818167661,"sku":"40HU-105-HET-1M","price":1515.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820985709,"sku":"40HU-105-HET-2M","price":2309.84,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-105-1M_a58bae38-c42a-47f6-a94a-e94a02d77c3b.png?v=1775378648"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp-43-mutation-m337v-iso-bhc18500326","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, M337V, ISO)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, M337V, ISO)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, M337V) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous M337V mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . After culturing in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . Heterozygous and homozygous M337V mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500326\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818200429,"sku":"40HU-105-ISO-1M","price":739.44,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820690797,"sku":"40HU-105-ISO-2M","price":1391.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-105-1M_9ce7211a-0de9-4467-a721-9059ef072c79.png?v=1775378647"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-m337v-hom-bhc18500325","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, M337V, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, M337V, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, M337V) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous M337V mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . After culturing in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . Heterozygous and homozygous M337V mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500325\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818233197,"sku":"40HU-105-HOM-1M","price":1515.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820854637,"sku":"40HU-105-HOM-2M","price":2309.84,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-105-1M.png?v=1775378647"},{"product_id":"human-cortical-gabaergic-neurons-2-0-ipsc-derived-bhc18500317","title":"Human Cortical GABAergic Neurons 2.0\n(iPSC-derived)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Cortical GABAergic Neurons 2.0\n(iPSC-derived)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eiXCells Biotechnologies is proud to provide fully differentiated and functional Human Cortical GABAergic Neurons 2.0 (iPSC-derived) which display typical neuronal morphology (Figure 1), and express typical markers of GABAergic neurons, e.g. GAD67, vGAT (Figure 2, 3), when cultured in the GABAergic Neuron Culture Medium (Cat# MD-0122-100ML). Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release could be measured by ELISA after 7 days maturation (Figure 4). Moreover, Human GABAergic Neurons 2.0 present spontaneous neuron activity when co-cultured with astrocytes (Figure 5), as assessed by Multi-Electrode Array (MEA), and this activity increases with maturation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cortical GABAergic Neurons 2.0; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500317\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818265965,"sku":"40HU-022","price":855.92,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40hu-022-highly-characterized-iPSC-derived-GABAergic-Neurons-iXCells-1.jpg?v=1775378646"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp-43-mutation-q331k-iso-bhc18500323","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, Q331K, ISO)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, Q331K, ISO)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, Q331K) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous Q331K mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . After culturing in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 .Heterozygous and homozygous Q331K mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger .sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500323\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818331501,"sku":"40HU-103-ISO-1M","price":739.44,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820625261,"sku":"40HU-103-ISO-2M","price":1391.52,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-103-1M_260bb41c-9d32-4569-b89e-fd79622b49ae.png?v=1775378646"},{"product_id":"human-skeletal-muscle-myoblasts-ipsc-derived-sod1-mutant-a4v-hom-bhc18500328","title":"Human Skeletal Muscle Myoblasts (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Skeletal Muscle Myoblasts (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Muscle associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Musculoskeletal system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Muscle (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Skeletal Myoblasts; Musculoskeletal\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCells originating from the Musculoskeletal system are commonly studied to understand tissue-specific physiology, signaling, and responses to perturbations in controlled in vitro settings.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eEvaluate matrix remodeling and differentiation programs in musculoskeletal cell models\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eModel disease-associated phenotypes and compare responses to matched controls (assay dependent)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500328\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818364269,"sku":"40HU-178-1M","price":1489.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-176-Human-Skeletal-Muscle-Myoblasts-iPSC-derived-Normal_c37206ed-ce29-47f4-8af1-acb4d8ea6ea2.png?v=1782157704"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-n352s-hom-bhc18500319","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, N352S, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, N352S, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, N352S) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous N352S mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . And after cultured in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 . Heterozygous and homozygous N352S mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger sequencing. Figure 2 . Immunofluorescence staining showing HB9 and ChAT positive cells on day 2 and 7 in culture respectively.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500319\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818397037,"sku":"40HU-102-HOM-1M","price":1515.28,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820658029,"sku":"40HU-102-HOM-2M","price":2309.84,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-102-1M_c5a44157-1d7d-4374-b9d9-e7bdaec52cd9.png?v=1775378646"},{"product_id":"human-motor-neurons-ipsc-derived-tdp43-mutation-q331k-hom-bhc18500322","title":"Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, Q331K, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP43 mutation, Q331K, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease of the motor system, characterized by selective and progressive loss of motor neurons, eventually leading to paralysis and death within 2–5 years [1] . iPSC-derived motor neurons are valuable tools for biochemical analysis, disease modelling and clinical application of this disease. Cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear loss of the RNA binding protein transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) from affected neurons in most instances of ALS [2-3] . Over 40 dominantly inherited mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have subsequently been identified in familial ALS patients [4] , implicating TDP-43 dysfunction in the vast majority of ALS cases. Human Motor Neurons (iPSC-derived, TDP-43 mutation, Q331K) is derived from a genetically modified normal iPSC line carrying the heterozygous or homozygous Q331K mutation in the TDP-43 gene (Figure 1). iXCells™ hiPSC-derived motor neurons express typical markers of motor neurons, e.g. HB9 (MNX1), ISL1, CHAT, (Figure 2), with the purity higher than 85%. iXCells™ motor neurons are available in both cryopreserved vials and fresh plate formats (12, 24, 48, and 96-well plate). Most of the cells will express high level of HB9 and ISL-1 after thawing in the Motor Neuron Culture Medium Kit (Cat# MD-0022-100ML) . After culturing in the medium for 5-7 days, these cells will express high levels of CHAT and MAP2. Figure 1 .Heterozygous and homozygous Q331K mutation (highlighted) has been introduced to TDP-43 gene using CRISPR\/Cas9 based genome editing technology. The targeted site is verified by genomic PCR\/Sanger .sequencing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Motor Neurons; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500322\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 1 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818429805,"sku":"40HU-103-HOM-1M","price":1537.12,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197820723565,"sku":"40HU-103-HOM-2M","price":2344.16,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-103-1M_0906fd20-b8bf-4537-8648-ab8d550370b7.png?v=1775378646"},{"product_id":"human-neural-stem-cells-ipsc-derived-sod1-mutant-a4v-hom-bhc18500327","title":"Human Neural Stem Cells (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Neural Stem Cells (iPSC-derived, SOD1 mutant, A4V, HOM)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a cell model used for research applications where physiologically relevant identity and donor background support interpretation of experimental readouts. Human Neural associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis within the Nervous system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate the main phenotype of the nervous system. They primarily differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes [1] . The recent discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) not only overcomes the ethical and logistical issues associated with human embryonic stem cells, but also provides a flexible platform for generating various differentiated cell types from diseased individuals.iPSC-derived NSCs are a potentially valuable source of in vitro models for complex, polygenic human diseases, and are potentially useful for drug discovery and cell-based therapy applications [2] . iXCells Biotechnologies provides high quality human neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from normal or diseased iPS cell lines. These cells express typical markers of neural stem and progenitor cells, e.g. Nestin, Pax6 and Sox1 (Figure 1 and Figure 2), with the purity higher than 97% (Figure 3). The cells have been fully characterized for their self-renewal and multi-potency. The iPSC-derived NSCs can be differentiated into astrocytes or motor neurons (Figure 4). Cells can further expand for 3-5 passages in Human Neural Stem Cell Growth Medium (Cat# MD-0024), but they are not recommended for extensive expansion, because the purity of the neural stem cell population may decrease. All the cells provided by iXCells are negative for mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast, and fungi. HIV-1, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. The basic donor information (gender \/ age \/ race) is provided for each cell lot purchased.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCell identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neural (iPSC-Derived Cells)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Stem; Nervous\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDonor background:\u003c\/strong\u003e Age: Embryonic; Disease\/condition: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiosafety level:\u003c\/strong\u003e BSL-2 (follow your institution’s biosafety program and local regulations)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProduct-specific elements (such as tissue source, donor background, and cell classification) help frame how results should be interpreted across assays and experimental conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeural and glial cell models support studies of neuronal signaling, synaptic biology, neuroinflammation, and cell-type–specific responses to injury or disease-relevant stimuli.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross primary and specialty cell models, experimental outcomes can be influenced by donor heterogeneity, passage history, confluence, and media composition. For interpretation, it is common to validate key markers or functional phenotypes in the user’s assay context and to document culture variables consistently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing use of primary and specialty cells to improve translational relevance for target biology and phenotypic screening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAdoption of 3D culture formats and co-culture systems to better capture tissue microenvironments and cell–cell interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIntegration of functional readouts with single-cell and multi-omics profiling to connect phenotype with molecular state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGrowth of human-relevant neural models (including glial components) to study circuit- and inflammation-linked phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eProfile identity markers by flow cytometry or immunostaining in cultured cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify neurite outgrowth and synaptic marker profiles in neural cultures\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eQuantify functional responses to defined stimuli relevant to the model system\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCompare baseline phenotype across donors\/conditions using gene expression profiling\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMeasure neuroinflammatory signaling in neuron–glia or microglia-enriched models\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterpretation typically focuses on how a perturbation (e.g., cytokine exposure, metabolic stress, genetic manipulation, or compound treatment) shifts marker profiles or functional readouts relative to an appropriate control matched for donor and culture variables.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDonor-to-donor heterogeneity can influence baseline phenotype and treatment response; include biological replicates when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003ePassage number, confluence, and media composition can shift gene expression and functional readouts; track and report these variables consistently.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eContamination control (including routine mycoplasma monitoring) supports reproducibility in downstream assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive controls for the readout (e.g., unstimulated controls, pathway agonists\/antagonists) to contextualize observed changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- ATCC Animal Cell Culture Guide — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/animal-cell-culture-guide\n- Cell Line Authentication — ATCC — https:\/\/www.atcc.org\/resources\/culture-guides\/cell-line-authentication\n- Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) — U.S. HHS\/CDC\/NIH — https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/labs\/BMBL.html\n- Mycoplasma contamination in cell culture — NCBI Bookshelf\/PMC — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/\n- Primary cell culture considerations — Nature Methods — https:\/\/www.nature.com\/nmeth\/\n- Good cell culture practice guidelines — OECD\/ECVAM (concept) — https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/\n--\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC18500327\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"iXCells Biotechnologies","offers":[{"title":"Cryopreserved \/ 2 million cells\/vial","offer_id":53197818495341,"sku":"40HU-111-2M","price":1155.44,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/40HU-111-2M-optimized.jpg?v=1775378643"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/collections\/ipsc-derived-cells.oembed","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}