{"title":"Rat ELISA Kits","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"rat-mip-1alpha-ccl3-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000024","title":"Rat MIP-1Alpha\/CCL3 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-C motif chemokine 3, Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, MIP-1-alpha, Small-inducible cytokine A3, Ccl3, Mip1a, Scya3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eMIP-1Alpha\/CCL3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCcl3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920801984877,"sku":"EZ1219","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez1219-2-ELISA-rat-mip-1alpha-ccl3-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs_15f8321d-4440-4109-a308-b16116cdc63c.jpg?v=1769077476"},{"product_id":"rat-ifn-gamma-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000031","title":"Rat IFN gamma ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interferon gamma, IFN-gamma, Ifng.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIFN gamma\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIfng\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920802214253,"sku":"EZ0374","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez0374.png?v=1769077479"},{"product_id":"rat-cxcl1-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000036","title":"Rat CXCL1 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Growth-regulated alpha protein, C-X-C motif chemokine 1, Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1, CINC-1, Platelet-derived growth factor-inducible protein KC, Cxcl1, Cinc1, Gro.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCxcl1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eCoagulation \u0026amp; Hemostasis\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920802378093,"sku":"EZ0724","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ0724-rat-cxcl1-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs_359f3934-5bfa-42ca-8623-5ca6e72a5dd2.jpg?v=1769077480"},{"product_id":"rat-laminin-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000048","title":"Rat Laminin ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Laminin subunit beta-2, Laminin chain B3, Laminin-11 subunit beta, Laminin-14 subunit beta, Laminin-15 subunit beta, Laminin-3 subunit beta, Laminin-4 subunit beta, Laminin-7 subunit beta.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eLaminin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eLaminin\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920802771309,"sku":"EZ0435","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez0435_23fc789f-d881-407c-8205-e2f92352016f.png?v=1769077485"},{"product_id":"rat-fabp3-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000054","title":"Rat FABP3 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fatty acid-binding protein, heart, Fatty acid-binding protein 3, Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, H-FABP, Fabp3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eFABP3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eFabp3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920802967917,"sku":"EZ1623","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ1623-rat-fabp3-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs.jpg?v=1769077487"},{"product_id":"rat-he4-wfdc2-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000057","title":"Rat HE4\/WFDC2 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2, Epididymal secretory protein 4, RE4, Wfdc2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eHE4\/WFDC2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eWfdc2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eECM \u0026amp; Cell Adhesion\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920803066221,"sku":"EZ1624","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ1624-rat-he4-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs.jpg?v=1769077488"},{"product_id":"rat-scgb1a1-uteroglobin-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000059","title":"Rat SCGB1A1\/uteroglobin ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Uteroglobin, Clara cell phospholipid-binding protein, CCPBP, Clara cells 10 kDa secretory protein, CC10, PCB-binding protein, Secretoglobin family 1A member 1, Scgb1a1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eSCGB1A1\/uteroglobin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eScgb1a1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920803131757,"sku":"EZ1636","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ1636-rat-scgb1a1-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs.jpg?v=1769077489"},{"product_id":"rat-cxcl4-pf4-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000060","title":"Rat CXCL4\/PF4 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Platelet factor 4, PF-4, C-X-C motif chemokine 4, Pf4, Cxcl, Scyb4.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL4\/PF4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003ePf4\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920803164525,"sku":"EZ1651","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ1651-rat-cxcl4-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs_1c6fbbbc-1517-44e4-a575-2be2cf9f9d34.jpg?v=1769077489"},{"product_id":"rat-angiopoietin-1-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000072","title":"Rat Angiopoietin-1 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Angiopoietin-1, ANG-1, Angpt1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin-1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eANGPT1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eBone \u0026amp; Musculoskeletal\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920803590509,"sku":"EZ1295","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1295-2-elisa-rat-angiopoietin-1-picokine-elisa-kit_843b849d-47bf-4a56-bd87-dc210b21bb5f.jpg?v=1769077493"},{"product_id":"rat-galectin-1-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000082","title":"Rat Galectin-1 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Galectin-1, Gal-1, 14 kDa lectin, Beta-galactoside-binding lectin L-14-I, Galaptin, Lactose-binding lectin 1, Lectin galactoside-binding soluble 1, RL 14.5.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eGalectin-1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eLgals1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920803918189,"sku":"EZ1589","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1589_1_0e31c363-246b-417d-8ae2-d274593cfa2f.png?v=1769077497"},{"product_id":"rat-egf-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000083","title":"Rat EGF ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pro-epidermal growth factor, EGF, Epidermal growth factor.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920803950957,"sku":"EZ0954","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0954_efc04038-1521-4c4b-83cc-ed8ec2dfa19d.jpg?v=1769077498"},{"product_id":"rat-fgf21-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000099","title":"Rat FGF21 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fibroblast growth factor.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eFGF21\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eFGF21\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920804442477,"sku":"EZ1595","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"rat-il-4-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000122","title":"Rat IL-4 ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-4, IL-4, B-cell IGG differentiation factor, B-cell growth factor 1, B-cell stimulatory factor 1, BSF-1, Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, Il4.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIL-4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL4\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920805196141,"sku":"EZ0406","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ0406_fd28ca65-0275-42a8-95c1-1ca48bfbb89f.png?v=1769077516"},{"product_id":"rat-bdnf-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000126","title":"Rat BDNF ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920805327213,"sku":"EZ0308","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez0308.png?v=1769077518"},{"product_id":"rat-adiponectin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000145","title":"Rat Adiponectin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e 30 kDa adipocyte complement-related protein, Adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing, Protein Adipoq, Adipoq, Acdc, rCG_36676.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eAdiponectin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eAdipoq\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920805949805,"sku":"FEK1327","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek1327_3ca08fa0-1d1b-4e45-99d9-dfc37354bc3a.png?v=1769077525"},{"product_id":"rat-se-selectin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000147","title":"Rat sE-Selectin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e E-selectin, CD62 antigen-like family member E, Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1, ELAM-1, Leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 2, LECAM2, CD62E, Sele.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003esE-Selectin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eSele\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920806015341,"sku":"FEK0936","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0936-2-ELISA-rat-se-selectin-picokine-elisa-kit.jpg?v=1769077526"},{"product_id":"rat-scgb1a1-uteroglobin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000153","title":"Rat SCGB1A1\/uteroglobin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Uteroglobin, Clara cell phospholipid-binding protein, CCPBP, Clara cells 10 kDa secretory protein, CC10, PCB-binding protein, Secretoglobin family 1A member 1, Scgb1a1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eSCGB1A1\/uteroglobin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eScgb1a1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920806211949,"sku":"FEK1636","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1636_cba7cd59-af1c-4ba0-83af-f6d6b0beee36.png?v=1769077528"},{"product_id":"rat-gdnf-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000160","title":"Rat GDNF PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, Gdnf.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eGDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eGDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eOncology \u0026amp; Angiogenesis\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920806474093,"sku":"FEK0363","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0363_1.png?v=1769077531"},{"product_id":"rat-fibronectin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000173","title":"Rat Fibronectin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fibronectin, FN, Anastellin, Fn1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eFibronectin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eFn1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eBone \u0026amp; Musculoskeletal\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920806932845,"sku":"FEK0350","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0350.png?v=1769077536"},{"product_id":"rat-epo-erythropoietin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000178","title":"Rat EPO\/Erythropoietin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Erythropoietin, Epo.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eEPO\/Erythropoietin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eEpo\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920807096685,"sku":"FEK1351","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1351_0911d5b8-4f39-4843-b5fb-3386f21bf0b2.png?v=1769077539"},{"product_id":"rat-bmp-2-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000182","title":"Rat BMP-2 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Bone morphogenetic protein 2, BMP-2, Bone morphogenetic protein 2A, BMP-2A, Bmp2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eBMP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBmp2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eCoagulation \u0026amp; Hemostasis\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920807227757,"sku":"FEK0312","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0312.png?v=1769077540"},{"product_id":"rat-cd44-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000193","title":"Rat CD44 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e CD44 antigen, Extracellular matrix receptor III, ECMR-III, GP90 lymphocyte homing\/adhesion receptor, HUTCH-I, Hermes antigen, Hyaluronate receptor, Phagocytic glycoprotein 1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCD44\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCd44\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920807588205,"sku":"FEK1417","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"rat-mip-1alpha-ccl3-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000195","title":"Rat MIP-1Alpha\/CCL3 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-C motif chemokine 3, Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, MIP-1-alpha, Small-inducible cytokine A3, Ccl3, Mip1a, Scya3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eMIP-1Alpha\/CCL3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCcl3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920807653741,"sku":"FEK1219","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek1219_9cf7b41c-3f81-460d-bb60-2c3fee248b49.png?v=1769077545"},{"product_id":"rat-rank-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000211","title":"Rat RANK PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Protein Tnfrsf11a, Tnfrsf11a.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eRANK\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTnfrsf11a\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eECM \u0026amp; Cell Adhesion\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920808210797,"sku":"FEK1281","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1281_72ee3332-4c7f-4c20-be3b-f4ed8c087c7e.png?v=1769077552"},{"product_id":"rat-bdnf-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000219","title":"Rat BDNF PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Bdnf, Abrineurin, ANON2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BULN2, MGC34632, Neurotrophin.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920808472941,"sku":"FEK0308","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0308_1.png?v=1769077555"},{"product_id":"rat-mmp-2-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000236","title":"Rat MMP-2 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eMMP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809193837,"sku":"FEK0639","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0639_00eca775-da26-4d6c-86f6-4df15995b4b6.png?v=1769077565"},{"product_id":"rat-egf-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000243","title":"Rat EGF PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809423213,"sku":"FEK0954","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0954_d3d85986-d0f5-44c7-a92e-605b6a3ad1a5.png?v=1769077569"},{"product_id":"rat-lipocalin-2-ngal-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000245","title":"Rat Lipocalin-2\/NGAL PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eLipocalin-2\/NGAL\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809521517,"sku":"FEK0855","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0855.png?v=1769077570"},{"product_id":"rat-kim1-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000246","title":"Rat KIM1 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eKIM1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eBone \u0026amp; Musculoskeletal\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809554285,"sku":"FEK0882","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0882_581d6e26-8463-42a6-97f8-b6f774bbcd21.png?v=1769077571"},{"product_id":"rat-rantes-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000250","title":"Rat Rantes PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eRantes\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809685357,"sku":"FEK0496","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0496.png?v=1769077573"},{"product_id":"rat-angiopoietin-2-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000257","title":"Rat Angiopoietin-2 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809914733,"sku":"FEK1574","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek1574.png?v=1769077578"},{"product_id":"rat-cxcl2-mip-2-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000286","title":"Rat CXCL2\/MIP-2 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL2\/MIP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCxcl2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920810930541,"sku":"FEK0725","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0725_238d27d2-ab9f-42a7-bdea-63498a8c5951.png?v=1769077597"},{"product_id":"rat-cxcl1-gro-alpha-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000297","title":"Rat CXCL1\/Gro Alpha PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL1\/Gro Alpha\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCxcl1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920811323757,"sku":"FEK0724","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0724.png?v=1769077604"},{"product_id":"rat-vegf-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000322","title":"Rat VEGF PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eVEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eVegfa\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920812142957,"sku":"FEK0540","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0540_c83f10e3-394d-4b72-8a9f-49dca091f258.png?v=1769077619"},{"product_id":"rat-mcp-3-ccl7-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000333","title":"Rat MCP-3\/CCL7 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eMCP-3\/CCL7\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCCL7\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920812503405,"sku":"FEK1300","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek1300_3c3e5bd3-7627-4e3b-bddd-980953d9f6bd.png?v=1769077626"},{"product_id":"rat-endostatin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000336","title":"Rat Endostatin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eEndostatin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCol18a1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920812601709,"sku":"FEK1377","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek1377_1.png?v=1769077628"},{"product_id":"rat-activin-a-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000341","title":"Rat Activin A ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Inhibin beta A chain, Activin beta-A chain, Inhba.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eActivin A\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eINHBA\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMetabolism \u0026amp; Diabetes\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920812765549,"sku":"EK0303","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0303_1.png?v=1769077631"},{"product_id":"rat-bdnf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000345","title":"Rat BDNF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920812896621,"sku":"EK0308","price":399.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0308_1.png?v=1769077633"},{"product_id":"rat-bmp-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000349","title":"Rat BMP-2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Bone morphogenetic protein 2, BMP-2, Bone morphogenetic protein 2A, BMP-2A, Bmp2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eBMP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBMP2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920813027693,"sku":"EK0312","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0312_98d59523-44a0-43bd-8129-258e813cc716.jpg?v=1769077636"},{"product_id":"rat-cntf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000352","title":"Rat CNTF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCNTF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCNTF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920813125997,"sku":"EK0324","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0324_453b0162-a36d-4369-b3e1-29ab46dcccb5.png?v=1769077638"},{"product_id":"rat-fibronectin-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000365","title":"Rat Fibronectin ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fibronectin, FN, Anastellin, Fn1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eFibronectin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eFN1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920813551981,"sku":"EK0350","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0350_1.png?v=1769077646"},{"product_id":"rat-fractalkine-cx3cl1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000371","title":"Rat Fractalkine\/CX3CL1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fractalkine, C-X3-C motif chemokine 1, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, Neurotactin, Small-inducible cytokine D1, Processed fractalkine, Cx3cl1, Acc1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eFractalkine\/CX3CL1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCX3CL1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920813748589,"sku":"EK0358","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0358.jpg?v=1769077650"},{"product_id":"rat-gdnf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000376","title":"Rat GDNF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, Gdnf.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eGDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eGDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920813912429,"sku":"EK0363","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0363_2.png?v=1769077652"},{"product_id":"rat-gm-csf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000379","title":"Rat GM-CSF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, GM-CSF, Colony-stimulating factor, CSF, Csf2, Csfgm.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eGM-CSF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCSF2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814076269,"sku":"EK0366","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0366.png?v=1769077654"},{"product_id":"rat-icam-1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000384","title":"Rat ICAM-1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Intercellular adhesion molecule 1, ICAM-1, Major group rhinovirus receptor, CD54, ICAM1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eICAM-1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eICAM1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814240109,"sku":"EK0372","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0372.png?v=1769077657"},{"product_id":"rat-ifn-gamma-ifng-interferon-gamma-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000386","title":"Rat IFN Gamma\/IFNG\/Interferon Gamma ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interferon gamma, IFN-gamma, Ifng.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIFN Gamma\/IFNG\/Interferon Gamma\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIFNG\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814305645,"sku":"EK0374","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0374.png?v=1769077658"},{"product_id":"rat-igf-1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000388","title":"Rat IGF-1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Insulin-like growth factor I, IGF-I, Somatomedin, Igf1, Igf-1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIGF-1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIGF1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814371181,"sku":"EK0377","price":399.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0377.png?v=1769077660"},{"product_id":"rat-igf-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000390","title":"Rat IGF-2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Insulin-like growth factor II, IGF-II, Multiplication-stimulating activity, MSA, Multiplication-stimulating polypeptide, Preptin, Igf2, Igf-2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIGF-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIGF2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMetabolism \u0026amp; Diabetes\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814436717,"sku":"EK0380","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0380.png?v=1769077661"},{"product_id":"rat-il-1-alpha-il-1f1-il1a-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000399","title":"Rat IL-1 Alpha\/IL-1F1\/IL1A ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha, Il1a.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIL-1 Alpha\/IL-1F1\/IL1A\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL1A\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814895469,"sku":"EK0390","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0390.jpg?v=1769077667"},{"product_id":"rat-il-1-beta-il-1f2-il1b-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000402","title":"Rat IL-1 Beta\/IL-1F2\/IL1B ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin 1 beta, Interleukin-1 beta, Il1b, rCG_27107.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eIL-1 Beta\/IL-1F2\/IL1B\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL1B\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920814993773,"sku":"EK0393","price":399.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0393_2.png?v=1769077669"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/collections\/rat-elisa-kits.oembed","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}