{"title":"Thyroid \u0026 Adrenal Disorders","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"human-cd32-fcgr2b-c-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000045","title":"Human CD32\/FCGR2b\/c ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b, IgG Fc receptor II-b, CDw32, Fc-gamma RII-b, Fc-gamma-RIIb, FcRII-b, CD32, FCGR2B.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eCD32\/FCGR2b\/c\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eFCGR2B\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920802673005,"sku":"EZ1312","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ1312-human-cd32-ez-set-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs.jpg?v=1769077484"},{"product_id":"human-fibronectin-elisa-kit-ez-set-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21000047","title":"Human Fibronectin ELISA Kit EZ-Set™ (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Fibronectin, FN, Cold-insoluble globulin, CIG, Anastellin, Ugl-Y1, Ugl-Y2, Ugl-Y3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eFibronectin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eFN1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920802738541,"sku":"EZ0349","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez0349.png?v=1769077485"},{"product_id":"mouse-vegf-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000165","title":"Mouse VEGF PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-A, Vascular permeability factor, VPF, Vegfa, Vegf.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eVEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eVegfa\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920806670701,"sku":"FEK0541","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0541_1.png?v=1769077533"},{"product_id":"rat-epo-erythropoietin-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000178","title":"Rat EPO\/Erythropoietin PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Erythropoietin, Epo.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eEPO\/Erythropoietin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eEpo\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920807096685,"sku":"FEK1351","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1351_0911d5b8-4f39-4843-b5fb-3386f21bf0b2.png?v=1769077539"},{"product_id":"human-m-csf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000188","title":"Human M-CSF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1, CSF-1, M-CSF, MCSF, Lanimostim, Processed macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1, CSF1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eM-CSF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCSF1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920807424365,"sku":"FEK0444","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0444_1_80d1e0d6-da61-48f6-b046-9bbfeaf68d50.png?v=1769077542"},{"product_id":"rat-mmp-2-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000236","title":"Rat MMP-2 PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eMMP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920809193837,"sku":"FEK0639","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0639_00eca775-da26-4d6c-86f6-4df15995b4b6.png?v=1769077565"},{"product_id":"human-egf-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000261","title":"Human EGF PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCST3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920810078573,"sku":"FEK0325","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0325_9de0aa30-9085-47d7-9b2f-8562a3826fcf.png?v=1769077580"},{"product_id":"human-apoa1-apolipoprotein-a-i-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000269","title":"Human APOA1\/Apolipoprotein A-I PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eAPOA1\/Apolipoprotein A-I\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eAPOA1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920810340717,"sku":"FEK1456","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek1456_1.png?v=1769077585"},{"product_id":"rat-cxcl1-gro-alpha-picokine-quick-elisa-kit-bhe21000297","title":"Rat CXCL1\/Gro Alpha PicoKine® Quick ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL1\/Gro Alpha\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCxcl1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920811323757,"sku":"FEK0724","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/fek0724.png?v=1769077604"},{"product_id":"mouse-thrombopoietin-tpo-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000492","title":"Mouse Thrombopoietin\/TPO ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Thrombopoietin, C-mpl ligand, ML, Megakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor, Megakaryocyte growth and development factor, MGDF, Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene ligand, Thpo.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eThrombopoietin\/TPO\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTPO\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920818172269,"sku":"EK0517","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0517.jpg?v=1769077711"},{"product_id":"human-b7-1-cd80-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000579","title":"Human B7-1\/CD80 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80, Activation B7-1 antigen, BB1, CTLA-4 counter-receptor B7.1, B7, CD80, CD28LG, CD28LG1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eB7-1\/CD80\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCD80\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920821088621,"sku":"EK0707","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0707_57bcf0db-6283-438b-8f27-22af6c99bd89.png?v=1769077752"},{"product_id":"mouse-b7-1-cd80-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000580","title":"Mouse B7-1\/CD80 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80, Activation B7-1 antigen, B7, CD80.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eB7-1\/CD80\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCD80\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920821121389,"sku":"EK0708","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0708.jpg?v=1769077752"},{"product_id":"rat-cd86-b7-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000582","title":"Rat CD86\/B7-2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e B7-2, Cd86.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat \u003cstrong\u003eCD86\/B7-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCD86\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920821219693,"sku":"EK0712","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0712_23a36eea-dbe6-4f3f-bf81-87359953afdc.png?v=1769077753"},{"product_id":"human-cd163-m130-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000584","title":"Human CD163 \/ M130 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130, Hemoglobin scavenger receptor, CD163, Soluble CD163, sCD163, M130.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eCD163 \/ M130\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCD163\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920821285229,"sku":"EK0715","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0715.jpg?v=1769077754"},{"product_id":"human-cxcl5-lix-ena-78-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000590","title":"Human CXCL5\/LIX\/ENA-78 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-X-C motif chemokine 5, ENA-78 (1-78), Epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating protein 78, Neutrophil-activating peptide ENA-78, Small-inducible cytokine B5, ENA-78 (8-78), ENA-78 (9-78), CXCL5.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL5\/LIX\/ENA-78\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCXCL5\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920821481837,"sku":"EK0728","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0728_8e0f3c53-c5bc-45a2-bfd9-cae3b9067dc3.png?v=1769077757"},{"product_id":"mouse-cxcl16-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000599","title":"Mouse CXCL16 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-X-C motif chemokine 16, Scavenger receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein, SR-PSOX, Small-inducible cytokine B16, Transmembrane chemokine CXCL16, Cxcl16, Srpsox.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eCXCL16\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCXCL16\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920821776749,"sku":"EK0742","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0742_990506d9-6dc0-4d59-bb80-cc3915b04e97.png?v=1769077761"},{"product_id":"human-ccl13-mcp4-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000627","title":"Human CCL13\/MCP4 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-C motif chemokine 13, CK-beta-10, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 4, Monocyte chemotactic protein 4, MCP-4, NCC-1, Small-inducible cytokine A13, long chain.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eCCL13\/MCP4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCCL13\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920822694253,"sku":"EK0809","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0809.jpg?v=1769077773"},{"product_id":"human-pon1-paraoxonase-1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21000787","title":"Human PON1\/Paraoxonase 1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Serum paraoxonase\/arylesterase 1, PON 1, 3.1.1.2, 3.1.1.81, 3.1.8.1, Aromatic esterase 1, A-esterase 1, K-45.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003ePON1\/Paraoxonase 1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003ePON1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003emetabolic and signaling biochemistry\u003c\/strong\u003e. Enzymes shape pathway flux and signaling output by catalyzing reactions that control metabolites, second messengers, or post-translational modifications.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920829411693,"sku":"EK1141","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1141_1.png?v=1769077852"},{"product_id":"human-cd47-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001036","title":"Human CD47 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Leukocyte surface antigen CD47, Antigenic surface determinant protein OA3, Integrin-associated protein, IAP, Protein MER6, CD47, MER6.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eCD47\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCD47\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920842977645,"sku":"EK1421","price":750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1421.jpg?v=1769078000"},{"product_id":"human-serpin-a5-pai3-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001307","title":"Human Serpin A5\/PAI3 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Plasma serine protease inhibitor, Acrosomal serine protease inhibitor, Plasminogen activator inhibitor 3, PAI-3, PAI3, Protein C inhibitor, PCI, Serpin A5.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eSerpin A5\/PAI3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eSerpina5\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Proteases and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are central to tissue architecture and remodeling. In many experimental contexts, changes in ECM-related proteins reflect shifts in cell adhesion, migration, barrier integrity, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and remodeling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMatrix remodeling is influenced by the balance between synthesis and degradation, often regulated by inflammatory cues, mechanical stress, and growth-factor signaling. Protease activity can unmask or release bioactive fragments, while altered ECM composition can feed back on cell behavior through mechanotransduction and receptor engagement.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRemodeling readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification can support studies of fibrosis, wound repair, and invasion models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment state:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may reflect stromal activation, barrier disruption, or matrix turnover.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic linkage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with inflammatory and growth-factor markers can clarify drivers of remodeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eECM remodeling and protease regulation are frequently discussed in the literature across oncology, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and inflammatory disease models. Interpretation of abundance should consider whether the measured analyte represents pro-forms, active forms, or fragments, and whether binding partners in the matrix influence detectability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920870175085,"sku":"EK1631","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1631_e1490c4e-c954-44ae-bd9e-63c2c5eccaa9.png?v=1769078150"},{"product_id":"human-plexin-b2-plxnb2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001414","title":"Human Plexin B2\/PLXNB2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Plexin-B2, MM1, PLXNB2, KIAA0315.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003ePlexin B2\/PLXNB2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003ePLXNB2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920875221357,"sku":"EK1826","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1826.jpg?v=1769078202"},{"product_id":"human-chitotriosidase-chit1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001530","title":"Human Chitotriosidase\/CHIT1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Chitotriosidase-1, Chitinase-1, CHIT1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eChitotriosidase\/CHIT1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCHIT1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920879579501,"sku":"EK2032","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2032_5c42402d-6203-4336-a4aa-2ba5ffa22b4f.jpg?v=1769078276"},{"product_id":"mouse-cd39-entpd1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001549","title":"Mouse CD39\/ENTPD1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, NTPDase 1, Ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase 1, Ecto-ATPDase 1, Ecto-ATPase 1, Ecto-apyrase, Lymphoid cell activation antigen, CD39.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eCD39\/ENTPD1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eEntpd1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920880202093,"sku":"EK2013","price":750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2013_bd6f1e48-6f24-44bf-bdec-a1a81900c703.png?v=1769078286"},{"product_id":"mouse-contactin-4-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001605","title":"Mouse Contactin-4 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Contactin-4, Brain-derived immunoglobulin superfamily protein 2, BIG-2, Cntn4, Kiaa3024.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eContactin-4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCntn4\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920887902573,"sku":"EK1781","price":750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1781.jpg?v=1769078313"},{"product_id":"mouse-cd44-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001659","title":"Mouse CD44 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e CD44 antigen, Extracellular matrix receptor III, ECMR-III, GP90 lymphocyte homing\/adhesion receptor, HUTCH-I, Hermes antigen, Hyaluronate receptor, Lymphocyte antigen 24.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eCD44\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCd44\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920889803117,"sku":"EK1419","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1419.jpg?v=1769078336"},{"product_id":"human-dsg3-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001735","title":"Human DSG3 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eDSG3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eDSG3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920895242605,"sku":"EK2190","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2190.jpg?v=1769078368"},{"product_id":"human-git1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001930","title":"Human GIT1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e DNA repair protein XRCC2, X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 2, Xrcc2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eGIT1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eGIT1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003eplasma protein and inflammation-linked pathways\u003c\/strong\u003e. Inflammation and coagulation networks include abundant plasma proteins, regulators, and cleavage products that can change with immune activation and tissue damage.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920905433453,"sku":"EK2311","price":750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2311.jpg?v=1769078469"},{"product_id":"porcine-il-8-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001966","title":"Porcine IL-8 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-8, IL-8, C-X-C motif chemokine 8, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, Emoctakin, Granulocyte chemotactic protein 1, GCP-1, Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePorcine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-8\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCXCL8\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906678637,"sku":"EK2349","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2349.jpg?v=1769078489"},{"product_id":"feline-il-4-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001989","title":"Feline IL-4 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-4, IL-4, B-cell stimulatory factor 1, BSF-1, Binetrakin, Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, Pitrakinra, IL4.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL4\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907465069,"sku":"EK2373","price":499.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2373_7f252ec5-902b-4074-9382-2fb3a80f92c4.jpg?v=1769078502"},{"product_id":"human-bdnf-ez-set-and-trade-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21002002","title":"Human BDNF EZ-Set\u0026trade; ELISA Kit (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF, Abrineurin.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920907891053,"sku":"EZ0307","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/EZ0307.png?v=1769096413"},{"product_id":"mouse-progranulin-ez-set-and-trade-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21002106","title":"Mouse Progranulin EZ-Set\u0026trade; ELISA Kit (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Granulins, PC cell-derived growth factor, PCDGF, Proepithelin, PEPI, Acrogranin, Progranulin, Granulin-1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMouse \u003cstrong\u003eProgranulin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eGRN\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920911855981,"sku":"EZ1192","price":500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez1192.png?v=1769078565"},{"product_id":"8305c-cell-bhc11101203","title":"8305C cell","description":"The 8305C cell line is a human thyroid carcinoma cell line derived from an undifferentiated anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. These cells are characterized by their aggressive growth behavior and poor differentiation, which are hallmarks of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. This cell line retains several key features that are relevant to the study of thyroid cancer pathophysiology, including alterations in gene expression profiles and signaling pathways that are pivotal in thyroid carcinogenesis.\n\nStudies utilizing the 8305C cell line have demonstrated its utility in exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid cancer progression, resistance to therapy, and metastasis. Specifically, this cell line has been used to investigate the efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies, making it a valuable model for preclinical drug testing. Additionally, 8305C has been employed in research focusing on the role of genetic and epigenetic modifications in thyroid cancer, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for this aggressive cancer type.\n\nDue to its derivation from a high-grade malignancy, the 8305C cell line serves as an important tool in thyroid cancer research, particularly in studies aimed at understanding the aggressive behavior of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and developing strategies for its effective treatment.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101203\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950195765613,"sku":"305101","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/8305C_20P1_2020x01_20090125_ch00_1920x1920_318ff090-2415-4134-b390-45ea0c0bce86.jpg?v=1769068934"},{"product_id":"att-20-cell-bhc11101161","title":"AtT-20 cell","description":"The AtT-20 cell line is a well-characterized mouse pituitary tumor cell line derived from anterior pituitary cells. These cells originate from a strain of mice known as AtT-20\/D16v-F2, and are primarily used for the study of pituitary function and regulation, especially focusing on the synthesis and secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH is crucial for adrenal gland function and is a key player in the stress response and metabolic regulation.\n\nAtT-20 cells exhibit typical features significant for studies in neuroendocrinology and pharmacology, such as the production and secretion of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), the precursor molecule for ACTH. The cells are responsive to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and other hypothalamic hormones, making them an excellent model for exploring the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in vitro. Moreover, AtT-20 cells can be used to investigate the mechanisms of peptide hormone processing, packaging, and secretion, given their well-defined secretory pathways.\n\nIn terms of applications, AtT-20 cells have been utilized in various studies including those focusing on gene expression profiles under different treatment conditions, intracellular signaling pathways involving cAMP, and the effects of genetic modifications on hormone secretion. These cells are also valuable in the assessment of the pharmacological properties of potential drug candidates targeting HPA axis components.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101161\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950197698925,"sku":"305161","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/AtT-20_20P3_2020x01_20011024_ch00_1920x1920_e54c084c-843e-454a-8c78-5caea8c2813c.jpg?v=1769068950"},{"product_id":"b-cpap-cell-bhc11101200","title":"B-CPAP cell","description":"B-CPAP is a human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line that was established from the primary tumor of a 74-year-old woman. The cell line exhibits epithelial-like morphology and is commonly used in research to study thyroid cancer biology, including mechanisms of tumorigenesis and metastasis. B-CPAP cells are notable for harboring a BRAF V600E mutation, which is a common genetic alteration associated with aggressive thyroid cancers and serves as a critical model for evaluating BRAF inhibitors as therapeutic agents.\n\nIn addition to the BRAF mutation, B-CPAP cells express thyroid-specific markers such as thyroglobulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, making them a valuable model for studying thyroid gland function and pathology. They have been extensively used in studies investigating the signaling pathways involved in thyroid cancer progression, including MAPK\/ERK pathway activation. These cells are also employed in drug resistance and apoptosis studies, providing insights into the mechanisms that might underpin therapeutic failures in thyroid cancer treatments.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101200\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950198026605,"sku":"305081","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/B-CPAP_20P4_2010x01_20040923_ch00_1920x1920_78a77fc0-6747-4857-9a9b-75e09bf7d3aa.jpg?v=1769068954"},{"product_id":"bht101-cell-bhc11101028","title":"BHT101 cell","description":"The BHT101 cell line is derived from the lymph node metastasis of a 63-year-old woman diagnosed with anaplastic papillary thyroid carcinoma. This cell line is established from a highly aggressive and lethal form of thyroid cancer, known for its rapid progression and poor prognosis. BHT101 cells are notable for their lack of hormone production, which is typical for cells originating from anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, as these cells often lose the ability to synthesize thyroid hormones that are characteristic of more differentiated thyroid tissues.\n\nIn terms of biomarker expression, BHT101 cells are partially positive for thyroglobulin and thyroxine (T4). Thyroglobulin is a precursor glycoprotein critical for the production of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4 and is commonly used as a tumor marker in differentiating thyroid cancer types. The presence of thyroglobulin in BHT101 cells, even if only partial, is significant for research focused on thyroid cancer pathology and the molecular mechanisms underlying dedifferentiation in thyroid carcinomas. This cell line's unique profile makes it a valuable model for studying the progression and metastatic behavior of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, providing insights into the molecular alterations that drive these processes.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101028\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950198255981,"sku":"305112","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/BHT101_20P1_2020x01_20170823_ch00_1920x1920_69f2b4d0-62ac-450a-b742-aedc65d36d49.jpg?v=1769068957"},{"product_id":"c643-cell-bhc11100235","title":"C643 cell","description":"The cell line C643 was established from a fine-needle biopsy of an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma of a 76-year-old man by Mark et al. in 1987. The patient died within 5 months after diagnosis. Demonstration of thyroglobulin mRNA ascertained a thyroid epithelial origin of the cell line. C643 cells emerge as a valuable tool for thyroid cancer research. \nThese cells originated from human thyroid cancer tissue and represented metastatic PTC, FTC, and ATC. Their genetic makeup reflects the common mutations observed in thyroid cancer, such as alterations in BRAF, RAS, and PI3K genes, which activate critical signalling pathways. \nThis makes C643 cells an ideal model for investigating the mechanisms involved in thyroid cancer development and progression. Furthermore, C643 cells are a crucial resource for testing potential targeted therapies. \nTheir inclusion in preclinical studies can aid in identifying and evaluating novel compounds that specifically target the altered signalling pathways implicated in thyroid cancer. By accurately representing human thyroid cancer, C643 cells contribute to developing more effective treatments for patients with advanced thyroid cancer.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100235\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200090989,"sku":"300298","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/c643-_284_29_1920x1920_a699ea70-9747-42c1-b4c1-db5983b299da.jpg?v=1769068976"},{"product_id":"cal-62-cell-bhc11101202","title":"CAL-62 cell","description":"The CAL-62 cell line was established from the right lobe of the thyroid gland of a 70-year-old Caucasian woman in 1988 and has been extensively used in the study of thyroid anaplastic carcinoma. These human epithelial-like cells exhibit a distinctive monolayer growth pattern and demonstrate pronounced tumorigenic properties, making them a significant model for in vivo studies of thyroid cancer progression. When transplanted into immunodeficient nude mice, CAL-62 cells have shown a robust capability to form tumors, providing a practical and effective model to analyze tumor dynamics and evaluate potential therapeutic strategies in real-time biological settings.\n\nCharacterized by a rapid proliferation rate with a doubling time of approximately 24 hours, CAL-62 enables accelerated research outputs in studies that are time-sensitive, enhancing the efficiency of experimental workflows in cancer research. Genetic characterization of this cell line reveals the presence of the KRAS p.G12R mutation and alterations at the 9p21.3 locus, indicating complex genetic underpinnings associated with thyroid anaplastic carcinoma. This cell line’s stable epithelial phenotype and inherent radioresistance further underscore its utility in uncovering novel insights into the pathophysiology of aggressive thyroid cancers and in the development of new therapeutic modalities. The unique attributes of CAL-62, including its aggressive tumor-forming ability and genetic markers, make it a pivotal resource in the ongoing efforts to better understand and treat thyroid anaplastic carcinoma.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101202\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950200418669,"sku":"305114","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CAL-62_20P1_20305114-M_2010x01_2013022023_1920x1920_147d98cf-b0cd-44b5-84e0-f682f0759a44.jpg?v=1769068982"},{"product_id":"ftc-133-cell-bhc11101548","title":"FTC-133 cell","description":"FTC-133 is a human follicular thyroid carcinoma cell line derived from a lymph node metastasis. It is widely used to investigate the mechanisms underlying thyroid cancer progression, resistance to therapies, and gene expression changes associated with tumor biology. This cell line has been employed to study treatment responses in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) models, especially those linked to drug resistance and apoptosis pathways. Research involving FTC-133 has revealed its sensitivity to various inhibitors targeting DNA damage response pathways, such as the ATR inhibitor BAY 1895344, which can arrest growth, induce apoptosis, and enhance therapeutic outcomes when combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.\n\nFTC-133 cells have also been significant in understanding multidrug resistance mechanisms. For example, this cell line demonstrates resistance to doxorubicin, associated with the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and interactions with the CD47 receptor. These factors contribute to reduced drug uptake and diminished apoptosis through pathways involving the JNK signaling cascade. The modulation of these resistance mechanisms has been studied by inhibiting P-gp, which restores sensitivity to doxorubicin. Such findings underscore the role of FTC-133 in exploring targeted therapies and resistance pathways, informing the development of more effective treatment regimens for thyroid cancers.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101548\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950204154221,"sku":"305349","price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/FTC-133_20WaKo_20P1_2020x01_20210325_ch00_1920x1920_2113c2b5-1cfd-4c1b-b631-6f8a9bf33a5b.jpg?v=1769069025"},{"product_id":"khm-5m-cell-bhc11101205","title":"KHM-5M cell","description":"The KHM-5M cell line is an important model derived from a patient with undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma complicated by neutrophilia and malignant pleurisy. This cell line is characterized by its significant production of neutrophil chemotactic factors, specifically human interleukin 8 (IL-8) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). These factors are crucial in the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, which play a pivotal role in the immune response and inflammation. The KHM-5M cells were shown to possess extreme chemotactic activity, a trait that was substantiated through in vitro experiments using conditioned media from the cells and the modified Boyden chamber technique.\n\nAdditionally, KHM-5M cells were transplanted into nude rats, where the infiltration of neutrophils was observed in and around the transplanted tumor tissue. This finding underscores the relevance of KHM-5M as a model for studying the interactions between tumor cells and the immune microenvironment, particularly in relation to neutrophil recruitment and function. The cell line also serves as a valuable tool for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying cytokine production in cancer and the subsequent modification of pathological features. Through DNA cloning techniques, the chemotactic activities attributed to IL-8 and GM-CSF were confirmed, solidifying the KHM-5M cell line as a significant resource for research into cytokine-driven tumor-immune interactions.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101205\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950213460333,"sku":"305148","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/khm-5m_20_282_29.jpg?v=1769069121"},{"product_id":"kmh-2-cell-bhc11101206","title":"KMH-2 cell","description":"KMH-2 is a human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cell line derived from a male patient with a rapidly progressing and fatal form of thyroid cancer. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the most aggressive and lethal thyroid malignancies, characterized by its rapid growth and resistance to conventional therapies. KMH-2 cells were established from a biopsy of the primary tumor before the patient underwent any chemotherapy or radiotherapy. These cells are highly relevant for studying the pathophysiology of ATC, as well as for testing the efficacy of new therapeutic agents.\n\nThe KMH-2 cell line exhibits a spindle-shaped morphology when cultured in vitro, which is typical of many anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. These cells have shown resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents, including cisplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide, and pepleomycin, reflecting the clinical challenge of treating ATC. The chemoresistance in KMH-2 cells has been attributed to the expression of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) mRNA, although they do not express the mdr-1 and mdr-3 mRNAs associated with P-glycoprotein, suggesting that their drug resistance mechanism is independent of P-glycoprotein. This resistance to chemotherapy makes KMH-2 a valuable model for investigating alternative treatment strategies.\n\nIn terms of growth characteristics, KMH-2 cells have relatively long doubling times, and their tumorigenicity has been confirmed in xenotransplantation models using athymic nude mice. However, these cells required specific conditions to enhance proliferation in vivo, such as the use of a tiny plastic plate to facilitate growth post-inoculation. Chromosomal analysis of KMH-2 has revealed multiple abnormalities, a common feature in aggressive cancers, which further underscores their utility in studying the genetic underpinnings of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101206\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950213722477,"sku":"305142","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/kmh-2-_282_29.jpg?v=1769069123"},{"product_id":"ktc-1-cell-bhc11101201","title":"KTC-1 cell","description":"The KTC-1 cell line is a well-characterized human thyroid carcinoma cell model derived from an adult patient with poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma. This cell line is particularly valuable in research focused on the aggressive forms of thyroid cancer, including anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), due to its origins from a cancer type that is known for rapid progression and resistance to conventional therapies. The KTC-1 cells exhibit a spindle-shaped morphology, consistent with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a hallmark of highly invasive cancers. These cells are known to have mutations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, including BRAF and TP53, which contribute to their malignant phenotype.\n\nKTC-1 cells are a useful model for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid cancer progression, including signaling pathways such as MAPK\/ERK and PI3K\/AKT, which are often dysregulated in aggressive thyroid cancers. They are also employed in drug screening assays to evaluate the efficacy of novel therapeutic agents targeting these pathways. Additionally, KTC-1 cells have been utilized in research exploring the tumor microenvironment, particularly the interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells that may influence tumor growth and metastasis. Due to their well-documented genetic and phenotypic characteristics, KTC-1 cells provide a robust platform for translational research aimed at developing more effective treatment strategies for aggressive thyroid carcinomas.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101201\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950213853549,"sku":"305113","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/KTC-1_20_282_29_1920x1920_aeefbdbf-8fad-4cea-832a-a1707ad5c3cd.jpg?v=1769069125"},{"product_id":"s-117-cell-bhc11100203","title":"S-117 cell","description":"Established in vitro from the primary sarcoma of the thyroid gland of a 47-year-old woman.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100203\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950223389037,"sku":"300329","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/cls-117-_283_29_1920x1920_f460774c-bb17-48a5-81ca-fe9a0b9a9ac3.jpg?v=1769069214"},{"product_id":"sw-1736-cell-bhc11100582","title":"SW-1736 cell","description":"SW-1736 is a human thyroid anaplastic carcinoma cell line, commonly used to study aggressive and poorly differentiated thyroid cancers. This cell line was initially derived from a patient with undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, a rare but highly aggressive form of cancer characterized by its rapid progression and poor prognosis. The SW-1736 cell line has been employed extensively in cancer research due to its ability to replicate the highly malignant features of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), including resistance to standard therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation.\nOne prominent feature of the SW-1736 cell line is its frequent use in studies focusing on cell division abnormalities and tumor metastasis. Researchers have observed atypical cell division events, such as one-to-four cell divisions, which are indicative of the aggressive and uncontrollable growth patterns found in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Additionally, SW-1736 cells have been transfected with various reporter genes like luciferase, allowing for non-invasive in vivo imaging studies. These studies are often performed in mouse models to investigate the metastatic potential of thyroid cancer, particularly its spread to organs such as the lungs and bones.\nMoreover, SW-1736 has been used to explore potential treatment strategies, including the combined use of metformin with standard chemotherapy agents like etoposide and epirubicin. These studies suggest that metformin enhances the cytotoxic effects of these drugs, increasing the induction of apoptosis and necrosis in SW-1736 cells. This combination therapy has shown promise in reducing cancer cell migration and proliferation, potentially offering new therapeutic avenues for tackling aggressive thyroid cancers.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100582\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950225879405,"sku":"300453","price":800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/sw-1736-_281_29_1920x1920_6b1cd370-1c98-4bbb-9df4-9a5d7982f041.jpg?v=1769069246"},{"product_id":"sw-579-cell-bhc11100744","title":"SW-579 cell","description":"SW-579 is a human thyroid squamous cell carcinoma cell line, commonly used in cancer research to study thyroid cancer progression and invasiveness. This cell line has been particularly valuable in research exploring the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and integrins in cancer cell invasion. Studies involving SW-579 have demonstrated that bone sialoprotein (BSP) significantly enhances the invasiveness of these cells by forming a trimolecular complex with MMP-2 and integrin αvβ3. This complex promotes cancer cell movement through extracellular matrices, mimicking the invasive behavior of metastatic cancers.\nIn vitro experiments using a modified Boyden chamber invasion assay have shown that treating SW-579 cells with BSP increased their invasiveness by approximately 10-fold compared to untreated controls. This enhanced invasiveness was found to be mediated by MMP-2 and integrin αvβ3, as blocking either the integrin or MMP-2 significantly reduced the effect. These findings highlight the critical role of MMPs and integrins in the metastatic potential of thyroid cancers, making SW-579 a useful model for studying targeted therapies aimed at disrupting these pathways.\nMoreover, the involvement of BSP in SW-579 cell invasiveness suggests potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting metastasis in thyroid carcinoma. By interfering with the formation of the BSP-MMP-2-integrin αvβ3 complex, researchers may be able to reduce the invasiveness of these cancer cells, offering a promising approach to limiting the spread of thyroid cancer in patients.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11100744\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950226043245,"sku":"300346","price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/SW_20579_20P1_2020x01_20090725_ch00_1920x1920_bb259b91-c8c8-46a8-a60c-69b95693544f.jpg?v=1769069249"},{"product_id":"tpc-1-cell-bhc11101361","title":"TPC-1 cell","description":"The TPC-1 cell line originates from a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and is widely utilized as a model for studying the molecular mechanisms of thyroid cancer. This cell line is notable for harboring the RET\/PTC1 rearrangement, a hallmark genetic alteration in PTC. The RET\/PTC1 fusion results in constitutive activation of RET tyrosine kinase signaling, driving oncogenic processes such as increased cellular proliferation, survival, and differentiation. This genetic feature has made TPC-1 a valuable tool in understanding thyroid oncogenesis and in evaluating targeted therapies.\n\nDerived from a well-differentiated thyroid tumor, TPC-1 retains epithelial characteristics and exhibits features associated with thyroid differentiation, including thyroglobulin production. TPC-1 has been extensively studied for its signaling pathways, particularly the MAPK and PI3K\/AKT pathways, which are activated downstream of RET\/PTC1. These pathways are critical to thyroid tumor progression and represent targets for therapeutic intervention.\n\nIn addition to its genetic and cellular characteristics, TPC-1 has been employed in in vitro and in vivo models to investigate the effectiveness of RET inhibitors and other targeted therapies. Its well-characterized genetic background and responsiveness to pharmacological agents make it a crucial model for translational research in thyroid cancer. Studies comparing TPC-1 with other thyroid cancer cell lines have also highlighted its role in identifying common and distinct molecular features of thyroid cancer subtypes, aiding in the development of personalized treatment strategies.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101361\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950226895213,"sku":"305054","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/TPC-1_20WaKo_20P0_20305054-M_2020x01_20040123_1920x1920_65236788-ca02-47f5-8467-93ca45016564.jpg?v=1769069259"},{"product_id":"tt-cell-bhc11101104","title":"TT cell","description":"TT cells continuously produce high levels of calcitonin and CEA.Immunoreactive calcitonin was found to be produced in cell culture at levels of 3900 pg\/million cells and 7700 pg\/million cells 24 and 72 hours respectively, after a medium change.CEA was found to accumulate to greater than 27 ng\/million cells over a 72 hours period.Chromosomal analysis of the cell line and tumors induced in nude mice reveal an aneuploid human karyotype with several marker chromosomes.The initial characterization studies of the TT cell line were conducted using early passage TT cells cultivated in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum and 1mM L-glutamine.It is not known if the neuropeptides reported to be produced by this cell line when it was grown in RPMI 1640 medium are also produced by the cells when they are cultured in Ham's F-12K medium.Chromosomal analysis of the cell line and tumors induced in nude mice reveal an aneuploid human karyotype with several marker chromosomes.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101104\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950226960749,"sku":"305027","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/TT_20P1_20305027-M_2020x01_2014102022_1920x1920_6a213c28-ef7b-4db8-bffb-8c85c8c37bad.jpg?v=1769069260"},{"product_id":"tta1-cell-bhc11101207","title":"TTA1 cell","description":"The TTA-1 cell line is derived from an undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma, also known as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). This cell line exhibits the highly aggressive characteristics associated with ATC, including rapid proliferation and resistance to conventional therapies. Cytogenetic analysis of TTA-1 cells revealed extensive chromosomal abnormalities, with a modal chromosome number of 56-59 and numerous structural rearrangements. These features highlight the genetic instability typical of ATC.\n\nTTA-1 cells have been utilized extensively in research on tumorigenicity and oncogenesis. Studies have shown that tumorigenicity of TTA-1 cells can be modulated by genetic interventions, such as the introduction of chromosome 11 through microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. The addition of this chromosome led to partial suppression of tumorigenic properties, suggesting the presence of tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 11. Such studies provide insights into potential genetic therapeutic approaches to ATC.\n\nTTA-1 cells are known to secrete cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is implicated in cancer progression and the inflammatory responses associated with ATC. The production of cytokines by TTA-1 cells reflects their role in mediating tumor microenvironment interactions, making them a valuable model for studying both ATC biology and therapeutic resistance.\n\u003cp style=\"display:none\"\u003eSKU:BHC11101207\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cytion","offers":[{"title":"1 cryovial","offer_id":52950226993517,"sku":"305138","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/TTA1_20P1_2010x01_20010824_ch00_1920x1920_5aaf441a-8fa3-49f9-a953-be89c42cb1a6.jpg?v=1769069260"},{"product_id":"bovine-parathyroid-hormone-pth-elisa-kit-bhe12100257","title":"Bovine Parathyroid Hormone, PTH ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParathyroid Hormone (PTH)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in signal transduction research. Hormones and peptide mediators support systemic communication across organs and physiological states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P01268\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eParathyroid Hormone (PTH) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eParathyroid Hormone (PTH)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eParathyrin\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eParathyroid hormone\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003ePTH\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952446271853,"sku":"E0266Bo-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0266Bo.jpg?v=1769145926"},{"product_id":"bovine-calcitonin-ct-elisa-kit-bhe12100263","title":"Bovine Calcitonin, CT ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCalcitonin (CT)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P01260\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Calcitonin (CT) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Calcitonin (CT) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eCalcitonin (CT) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Calcitonin (CT) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCalcitonin (CT)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCALC3\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eCalcitonin\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eCT\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952446337389,"sku":"E0272Bo-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0272Bo.jpg?v=1769145927"},{"product_id":"canine-progesterone-receptor-pgr-elisa-kit-bhe12100604","title":"Canine Progesterone Receptor, PGR ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProgesterone Receptor (PGR)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. Receptors mediate cellular responses to ligands and translate extracellular cues into intracellular signaling programs.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q9GLW0\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Progesterone Receptor (PGR) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Progesterone Receptor (PGR) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProgesterone Receptor (PGR) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Progesterone Receptor (PGR) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProgesterone Receptor (PGR)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eNuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003ePGR\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003ePR\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952450171245,"sku":"E0058Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0058Ca.jpg?v=1769145962"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/collections\/rc-metabolic-endocrine-thyroid-adrenal-disorders.oembed?page=30","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}