{"title":"Neuroinflammation","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"human-cx3c-chemokine-receptor-1-cx3cr1-elisa-kit-bhe12102003","title":"Human Cx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1, CX3CR1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology research. Chemokines are signaling proteins that guide cell trafficking and coordinate immune-cell recruitment.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P49238\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Cx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Cx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eCx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Cx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCx3C-Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eBeta chemokine receptor-like 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eCMK-BRL1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eCMK-BRL-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952458330477,"sku":"E0296Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0296Hu.jpg?v=1769146037"},{"product_id":"human-aquaporin-4-aqp-4-elisa-kit-bhe12102299","title":"Human Aquaporin 4, AQP-4 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in signal transduction research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P55087\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eAQP 4\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eAQP4\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAQP-4\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952460296557,"sku":"E0616Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0616Hu.jpg?v=1769146058"},{"product_id":"human-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-elisa-kit-bhe12103644","title":"Human Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, GFAP ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in neuroscience research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P14136\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is frequently examined in relation to neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation and glial responses, and neurodegeneration models. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eGlial fibrillary acidic protein\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952475271533,"sku":"E2094Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E2094Hu.jpg?v=1769146178"},{"product_id":"human-protein-s100-b-s100b-elisa-kit-bhe12105143","title":"Human Protein S100-B, S100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in signal transduction research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P04271\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Protein S100-B (S100B) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Protein S100-B (S100B) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Protein S100-B (S100B) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eS100 calcium-binding protein B\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eS-100 protein beta chain\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952507548013,"sku":"E3669Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E3669Hu.jpg?v=1769146464"},{"product_id":"human-allograft-inflammatory-factor-1-aif1-elisa-kit-bhe12106195","title":"Human Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1, AIF1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cell biology research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P55008\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) is frequently examined in relation to signal transduction pathways, cell cycle and stress-response programs, and organelle and membrane dynamics. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eAIF 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eAIF1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAIF-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952543854957,"sku":"E4922Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E4922Hu.jpg?v=1769146598"},{"product_id":"human-transmembrane-protein-119-tmem119-elisa-kit-bhe12107675","title":"Human Transmembrane Protein 119, TMEM119 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTransmembrane Protein 119 (TMEM119)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in neuroscience research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q4V9L6\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Transmembrane Protein 119 (TMEM119) is frequently examined in relation to neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation and glial responses, and neurodegeneration models. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Transmembrane Protein 119 (TMEM119) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eTransmembrane Protein 119 (TMEM119) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Transmembrane Protein 119 (TMEM119) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTransmembrane Protein 119 (TMEM119)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eOBIF\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eOsteoblast induction factor\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eTMEM 119\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952605819245,"sku":"E6313Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E6313Hu.jpg?v=1769146947"},{"product_id":"mouse-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-elisa-kit-bhe12108267","title":"Mouse Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, GFAP ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in neuroscience research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P03995\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is frequently examined in relation to neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation and glial responses, and neurodegeneration models. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eGlial fibrillary acidic protein\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952612733293,"sku":"E0367Mo-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0367Mo.jpg?v=1769146997"},{"product_id":"mouse-aquaporin-4-aqp-4-elisa-kit-bhe12108398","title":"Mouse Aquaporin 4, AQP-4 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P55088\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eAQP 4\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eAQP4\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAQP-4\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952613388653,"sku":"E0510Mo-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0510Mo.jpg?v=1769147001"},{"product_id":"mouse-protein-s100-b-s100b-elisa-kit-bhe12109347","title":"Mouse Protein S100-B, S100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in signal transduction research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P50114\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Protein S100-B (S100B) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Protein S100-B (S100B) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Protein S100-B (S100B) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eS100 calcium-binding protein B\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eS-100 protein beta chain\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952624398701,"sku":"E1491Mo-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E1491Mo.jpg?v=1769147077"},{"product_id":"mouse-allograft-inflammatory-factor-1-aif1-elisa-kit-bhe12109641","title":"Mouse Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1, AIF1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cell biology research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: O70200\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) is frequently examined in relation to signal transduction pathways, cell cycle and stress-response programs, and organelle and membrane dynamics. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eAIF 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eAIF1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAIF-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952631378285,"sku":"E1829Mo-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E1829Mo.jpg?v=1769147116"},{"product_id":"rat-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-elisa-kit-bhe12111819","title":"Rat Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, GFAP ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in neuroscience research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P47819\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is frequently examined in relation to neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation and glial responses, and neurodegeneration models. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eGlial fibrillary acidic protein\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952673616237,"sku":"E0538Ra-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0538Ra.jpg?v=1769147376"},{"product_id":"rat-aquaporin-4-aqp-4-elisa-kit-bhe12111845","title":"Rat Aquaporin 4, AQP-4 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P47863\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAquaporin 4 (AQP4)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eAQP 4\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eAQP4\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAQP-4\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952674206061,"sku":"E0568Ra-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0568Ra.jpg?v=1769147380"},{"product_id":"rat-deubiquitinating-enzyme-dub-elisa-kit-bhe12112397","title":"Rat Deubiquitinating Enzyme, DUB ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeubiquitinating Enzyme (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P35411\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Deubiquitinating Enzyme (CX3CR1) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Deubiquitinating Enzyme (CX3CR1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDeubiquitinating Enzyme (CX3CR1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Deubiquitinating Enzyme (CX3CR1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeubiquitinating Enzyme (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCX3C chemokine receptor 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eC-X3-C CKR-1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eCX3CR1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952683446637,"sku":"E1150Ra-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E1150Ra.jpg?v=1769147421"},{"product_id":"rat-protein-s100-b-s100b-elisa-kit-bhe12112595","title":"Rat Protein S100-B, S100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in signal transduction research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P04631\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Protein S100-B (S100B) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Protein S100-B (S100B) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Protein S100-B (S100B) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eS100 calcium-binding protein B\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eS-100 protein beta chain\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952688722285,"sku":"E1360Ra-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E1360Ra.jpg?v=1769147438"},{"product_id":"rat-allograft-inflammatory-factor-1-aif1-elisa-kit-bhe12113054","title":"Rat Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1, AIF1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P55009\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eAIF 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eAIF1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAIF-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952698192237,"sku":"E1855Ra-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E1855Ra.jpg?v=1769147490"},{"product_id":"rat-cx3c-chemokine-receptor-1-cx3cr1-elisa-kit-bhe12113133","title":"Rat Cx3C Chemokine Receptor 1, CX3CR1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCx3C Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology research. Chemokines are signaling proteins that guide cell trafficking and coordinate immune-cell recruitment.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P35411\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Cx3C Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Cx3C Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eCx3C Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Cx3C Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCx3C Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCX3C chemokine receptor 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eC-X3-C CKR-1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eCX3CR1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952701043053,"sku":"E1934Ra-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E1934Ra.jpg?v=1769147506"},{"product_id":"human-s100-calcium-binding-protein-b-s100b-elisa-kit-bhe12115830","title":"Human S100 calcium binding protein B, S100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eS100 calcium binding protein B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cell biology, epigenetics and nuclear signaling, and stem cells research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P04271\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) is frequently examined in relation to signal transduction pathways, cell cycle and stress-response programs, and organelle and membrane dynamics. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eS100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eS100 calcium binding protein B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eS100B\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952755044717,"sku":"E3887Hu-96T","price":458.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"48T","offer_id":52952755077485,"sku":"E3887Hu-48T","price":320.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E3887Hu.jpg?v=1769147775"},{"product_id":"dog-s100-calcium-binding-protein-b-s100b-elisa-kit-bhe10500641","title":"Dog S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eS100 calcium binding protein B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in signal transduction research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: E2QTP3\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959409701229,"sku":"CSB-EL020643DO-96T","price":790.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959409733997,"sku":"CSB-EL020643DO-96TX5","price":2765.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959409766765,"sku":"CSB-EL020643DO-96TX10","price":5308.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-EL020643DO.png?v=1769246700"},{"product_id":"human-allograft-inflammatory-factor-1-aif1-elisa-kit-bhe10501125","title":"Human Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in cell biology research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P55008\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as signal transduction pathways, cell cycle control, and stress-response programs. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, phosphorylation-dependent signaling nodes, stress markers, and organelle proteins) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eAIF 1\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eAIF-1\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959432376685,"sku":"CSB-EL001490HU-96T","price":550.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959432409453,"sku":"CSB-EL001490HU-96TX5","price":2035.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959432442221,"sku":"CSB-EL001490HU-96TX10","price":3907.22,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-EL001490HU.png?v=1769246764"},{"product_id":"human-anti-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-autoantibody-elisa-kit-bhe10501277","title":"Human anti glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibody ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eanti glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibody (GFAP auto-Ab)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in neuroscience research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor anti glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibody in serum and plasma to better understand themes such as neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration models. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in anti glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibody may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, synaptic proteins, neurotrophic factors, and neuroinflammatory markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that anti glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) autoantibody participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959440241005,"sku":"CSB-EQ027671HU-96T","price":695.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959440273773,"sku":"CSB-EQ027671HU-96TX5","price":2571.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959440306541,"sku":"CSB-EQ027671HU-96TX10","price":4937.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"human-cx3c-chemokine-receptor-1-cx3cr1-elisa-kit-bhe10501993","title":"Human CX3C-chemokine receptor 1,CX3CR1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCX3C-chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in immunology research. It is often studied in the context of chemokine-driven cell trafficking and inflammatory communication.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P49238\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor CX3C-chemokine receptor 1 in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and host–pathogen interactions. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in CX3C-chemokine receptor 1 may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, cytokines, chemokines, acute-phase proteins, and immune-cell activation markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, CX3C-chemokine receptor 1 may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eCX3CR1\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eCMKBRL1\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that CX3C-chemokine receptor 1 participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959475597677,"sku":"CSB-E09942h-96T","price":790.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959475630445,"sku":"CSB-E09942h-96TX5","price":2765.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959475663213,"sku":"CSB-E09942h-96TX10","price":5308.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E09942h.png?v=1769246886"},{"product_id":"human-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-elisa-kit-bhe10502497","title":"Human glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in neuroscience research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P14136\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor glial fibrillary acidic protein in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration models. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in glial fibrillary acidic protein may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, synaptic proteins, neurotrophic factors, and neuroinflammatory markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, glial fibrillary acidic protein may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP Epsilon\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that glial fibrillary acidic protein participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959501877613,"sku":"CSB-E08601h-96T","price":520.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959501910381,"sku":"CSB-E08601h-96TX5","price":1924.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959501943149,"sku":"CSB-E08601h-96TX10","price":3694.09,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E08601h.png?v=1769246952"},{"product_id":"human-soluble-protein-100b-s-100b-elisa-kit-bhe10504392","title":"Human Soluble protein-100B,S-100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSoluble protein-100B,S-100B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in signal transduction research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P04271\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Soluble protein-100B,S-100B in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Soluble protein-100B,S-100B may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Soluble protein-100B,S-100B may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eNEF\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100 B\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Soluble protein-100B,S-100B participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959598707053,"sku":"CSB-E08065h-96T","price":835.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959598739821,"sku":"CSB-E08065h-96TX5","price":2922.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959598772589,"sku":"CSB-E08065h-96TX10","price":5611.2,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E08065h.png?v=1769247214"},{"product_id":"human-transmembrane-protein-119-tmem119-elisa-kit-bhe10504663","title":"Human Transmembrane protein 119(TMEM119) ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTransmembrane protein 119(TMEM119)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in others research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q4V9L6\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Transmembrane protein 119(TMEM119) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, and cell lysates to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Transmembrane protein 119(TMEM119) may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Transmembrane protein 119(TMEM119) may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eTMEM119\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003ePSEC0199\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Transmembrane protein 119(TMEM119) participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959611912557,"sku":"CSB-EL023686HU-96T","price":695.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959611945325,"sku":"CSB-EL023686HU-96TX5","price":2571.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959611978093,"sku":"CSB-EL023686HU-96TX10","price":4937.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-EL023686HU.png?v=1769247243"},{"product_id":"mouse-allograft-inflammatory-factor-1-aif1-elisa-kit-bhe10505099","title":"Mouse Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAllograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in cell biology research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: O70200\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as signal transduction pathways, cell cycle control, and stress-response programs. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, phosphorylation-dependent signaling nodes, stress markers, and organelle proteins) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eAif1\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eIba1Allograft inflammatory factor 1\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1) participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959633637741,"sku":"CSB-EL001490MO-96T","price":695.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959633670509,"sku":"CSB-EL001490MO-96TX5","price":2571.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959633703277,"sku":"CSB-EL001490MO-96TX10","price":4937.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"mouse-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-elisa-kit-bhe10505789","title":"Mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in neuroscience research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P03995\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor glial fibrillary acidic protein in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration models. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in glial fibrillary acidic protein may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, synaptic proteins, neurotrophic factors, and neuroinflammatory markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, glial fibrillary acidic protein may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eGfapGlial fibrillary acidic protein\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that glial fibrillary acidic protein participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959660900717,"sku":"CSB-E08603m-96T","price":790.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959660933485,"sku":"CSB-E08603m-96TX5","price":2765.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959660966253,"sku":"CSB-E08603m-96TX10","price":5308.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E08603m.png?v=1769247391"},{"product_id":"mouse-protein-s100-b-s100b-elisa-kit-bhe10506549","title":"Mouse Protein S100-B(S100B) ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B(S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in signal transduction research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P50114\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Protein S100-B(S100B) in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Protein S100-B(S100B) may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Protein S100-B(S100B) may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eS100bProtein S100-B\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eS-100 protein beta chain\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. 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It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: F1RR02\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor glial fibrillary acidic protein in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration models. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in glial fibrillary acidic protein may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, synaptic proteins, neurotrophic factors, and neuroinflammatory markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. 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It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: I3L5R6\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Soluble protein-100B in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Soluble protein-100B may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Soluble protein-100B participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959720669549,"sku":"CSB-E14063p-96T","price":856.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959720702317,"sku":"CSB-E14063p-96TX5","price":2996.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959720735085,"sku":"CSB-E14063p-96TX10","price":5752.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E14063p.png?v=1769247560"},{"product_id":"rabbit-soluble-protein-100b-s-100b-elisa-kit-bhe10507456","title":"Rabbit Soluble protein-100B,S-100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSoluble protein-100B,S-100B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in signal transduction research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q6YNR6\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Soluble protein-100B,S-100B in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Soluble protein-100B,S-100B may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Soluble protein-100B,S-100B may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eS100B\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Soluble protein-100B,S-100B participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959731122541,"sku":"CSB-E06895Rb-96T","price":856.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959731155309,"sku":"CSB-E06895Rb-96TX5","price":2996.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959731188077,"sku":"CSB-E06895Rb-96TX10","price":5752.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E06895Rb.png?v=1769247592"},{"product_id":"rat-cx3c-chemokine-receptor-1-cx3cr1-elisa-kit-bhe10507850","title":"Rat CX3C chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1) ELISA kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCX3C chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in immunology research. It is often studied in the context of chemokine-driven cell trafficking and inflammatory communication.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P35411\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor CX3C chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, and cell lysates to better understand themes such as innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and host–pathogen interactions. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in CX3C chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1) may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, cytokines, chemokines, acute-phase proteins, and immune-cell activation markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, CX3C chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1) may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eCx3cr1\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eRbs11\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that CX3C chemokine receptor 1(CX3CR1) participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959745540461,"sku":"CSB-EL006236RA-96T","price":695.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959745573229,"sku":"CSB-EL006236RA-96TX5","price":2571.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959745605997,"sku":"CSB-EL006236RA-96TX10","price":4937.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-EL006236RA.png?v=1769247644"},{"product_id":"rat-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-gfap-elisa-kit-bhe10508030","title":"Rat glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in neuroscience research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P47819\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor glial fibrillary acidic protein in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as neuronal signaling and synaptic function, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration models. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in glial fibrillary acidic protein may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, synaptic proteins, neurotrophic factors, and neuroinflammatory markers) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, glial fibrillary acidic protein may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eGfap\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eGlial fibrillary acidic protein\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that glial fibrillary acidic protein participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959752552813,"sku":"CSB-E08602r-96T","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959752585581,"sku":"CSB-E08602r-96TX5","price":1995.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959752618349,"sku":"CSB-E08602r-96TX10","price":3830.4,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E08602r.png?v=1769247672"},{"product_id":"rat-soluble-protein-100b-s-100b-elisa-kit-bhe10508654","title":"Rat Soluble protein-100B,S-100B ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSoluble protein-100B,S-100B (S100B)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a biological molecule commonly studied in signal transduction research. It is commonly used as a molecular readout in mechanistic and biomarker-focused studies.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P04631\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers often monitor Soluble protein-100B,S-100B in serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates to better understand themes such as mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. In many model systems, measured levels can shift with physiology, experimental perturbation, or disease-associated changes, making careful biological interpretation important.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting changes in measured levels\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eDepending on sample matrix and study design, increases or decreases in Soluble protein-100B,S-100B may reflect differences in expression, secretion, turnover, or compartmentalization rather than a single mechanism. Interpretation is typically strengthened by evaluating related molecules (for example, complementary pathway markers and controls appropriate to the biological model) and by keeping pre-analytical variables consistent across groups.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn publications and databases, Soluble protein-100B,S-100B may also appear under names such as \u003cstrong\u003eS100b\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eProtein S100-B\u003c\/strong\u003e. When comparing studies, confirm that the reported analyte refers to the same molecule and species context.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy ELISA data are widely used\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eELISA is a common approach for quantitative measurement of proteins and biomarkers in complex samples, enabling comparisons across experimental groups and time points. When integrating results with other readouts, consider species biology, sample type, and the broader pathway context that Soluble protein-100B,S-100B participates in.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"96 T","offer_id":52959779914093,"sku":"CSB-E08066r-96T","price":856.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":52959779946861,"sku":"CSB-E08066r-96TX5","price":2996.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×10","offer_id":52959779979629,"sku":"CSB-E08066r-96TX10","price":5752.3,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-E08066r.png?v=1769247753"},{"product_id":"dog-gfap-glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-elisa-kit-bhe152011454","title":"Dog GFAP(Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch3\u003eScientific background\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a neuroscience-related marker used to study neuronal\/glial biology, synaptic function, or neuroinflammatory processes (target dependent).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChanges in marker concentrations can help relate functional outcomes (behavior, electrophysiology) to molecular changes in specific brain regions or fluids.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eQuantitative profiling is often most informative when combined with region-matched sampling and appropriate normalization\/controls.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eWhy it matters\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantify \u003cstrong\u003eGFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)\u003c\/strong\u003e to compare biological changes across conditions, doses, or time points.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerate concentration data from a standard curve to support biomarker and mechanistic studies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch3\u003eHow the ELISA works\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eDesigned for \u003cstrong\u003eDog\u003c\/strong\u003e samples, this kit uses a \u003cstrong\u003eThe test principle applied in this kit is Sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Dog GFAP. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells then with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Dog GFAP. Next, Avidin conjugated to Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) is added to each microplate well and incubated. After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Dog GFAP, biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450nm ± 10nm. The concentration of Dog GFAP in the samples is then determined by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.\u003c\/strong\u003e. 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