{"title":"Companion Animal Research","description":"Species-matched ELISA kits and antibodies for canine and feline research — cytokines, CRP\/SAA, cortisol, thyroid, and cardiac markers.","products":[{"product_id":"dog-canine-bdnf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001157","title":"Dog Canine BDNF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine BDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBdnf\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856183149,"sku":"EK0308-CN","price":410.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0308-cn.png?v=1769078068"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-bmp-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001158","title":"Dog Canine BMP-2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Bone morphogenetic protein 2, BMP-2, Bone morphogenetic protein 2A, BMP-2A, Bmp2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine BMP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBmp2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856215917,"sku":"EK0313-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0313-cn_973d6569-5e4c-4316-abe7-bc10de1772c5.png?v=1769078069"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-bmp-5-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001159","title":"Dog Canine BMP-5 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Bone morphogenetic protein 5, BMP-5, BMP5.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine BMP-5\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBMP5\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856281453,"sku":"EK0310-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0310-cn.png?v=1769078069"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-neurotrophin-3-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001160","title":"Dog Canine Neurotrophin-3 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Neurotrophin-3, NT-3, HDNF, Nerve growth factor 2, NGF-2, Neurotrophic factor, Ntf3, Ntf-3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine Neurotrophin-3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eNtf3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856314221,"sku":"EK0473-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0473-cn.png?v=1769078070"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-tgf-beta-1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001161","title":"Dog Canine TGF Beta 1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Transforming growth factor beta-1, TGF-beta-1, Latency-associated peptide, LAP, TGFB1, TGFB.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine TGF Beta 1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTGFB1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856346989,"sku":"EK0513-CN","price":410.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0513-cn.png?v=1769078070"},{"product_id":"dog-n-cadherin-2-cdh2-cd325-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001162","title":"Dog N-Cadherin-2 CDH2 CD325 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cadherin-2, CDw325, Neural cadherin, N-cadherin, CD325, CDH2, CDHN, NCAD.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog N-Cadherin-2 CDH2 CD325\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCDH2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eECM \u0026amp; Cell Adhesion\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003ecell-surface signaling and cell-state markers\u003c\/strong\u003e. Many receptors and surface markers act as gateways for signaling or as phenotypic indicators of specific cell populations and activation states.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856379757,"sku":"EK0669-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0669-cn_1.png?v=1769078071"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-endothelin-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001163","title":"Dog Canine Endothelin ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Endothelin-1, Preproendothelin-1, PPET1, ET-1, Big endothelin-1, EDN1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine Endothelin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eEndothelin\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. As with many protein targets, abundance can be influenced by transcriptional regulation, secretion or shedding, proteolytic processing, and clearance. Quantitative measurement is often used to connect molecular changes with phenotypes such as stress responses, immune activation, differentiation, or tissue remodeling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context and interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein-level readouts complement nucleic-acid measurements by reflecting post-transcriptional control and protein stability. Depending on the model system, changes may be transient or sustained, and may represent direct pathway engagement or secondary effects. When interpreting results, consider sample matrix effects, timing relative to stimulation or treatment, and whether complexes or modified forms of the analyte may be present.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eComparative quantification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Supports analysis across experimental groups, time points, or dose ranges.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Useful as part of a broader marker panel to triangulate biological mechanisms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eModel characterization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Helps profile baseline vs perturbed states in cells, tissues, or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRelated pathways and interacting partners\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor many targets, interpretability improves when measured alongside biologically connected markers (e.g., upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators). Designing panels around a pathway hypothesis can help distinguish primary pathway activation from general stress or inflammation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856412525,"sku":"EK0945-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0945-cn.jpg?v=1769078072"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-il-29-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001164","title":"Dog Canine IL-29 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interferon lambda-1, IFN-lambda-1, Cytokine Zcyto21, Interleukin-29, IL-29, IFNL1, IL29, ZCYTO21.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine IL-29\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIFNL1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856445293,"sku":"EK0964-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0964-cn_63315ee8-12cc-467b-bc57-49db597cd12f.png?v=1769078072"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-tgf-beta-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001165","title":"Dog Canine TGF-Beta 2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Transforming growth factor beta-2, TGF-beta-2, BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, Cetermin, Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, G-TSF, Polyergin, Latency-associated peptide.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine TGF-Beta 2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTGFB2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856478061,"sku":"EK0981-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek0981-cn_18c05739-1f08-4fa7-9837-88eb06469c56.png?v=1769078073"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-tgf-beta-3-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001166","title":"Dog Canine TGF-Beta 3 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Transforming growth factor beta-3, TGF-beta-3, Latency-associated peptide, LAP, TGFB3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine TGF-Beta 3\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTGFB3\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920856510829,"sku":"EK1103-CN","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek1103-cn.png?v=1769078074"},{"product_id":"human-canine-porcine-insulin-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001836","title":"Human\/Canine\/Porcine Insulin ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eHuman \u003cstrong\u003eHuman\/Canine\/Porcine Insulin\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eINS\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eCell Signaling\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. This analyte is often discussed in the context of \u003cstrong\u003eendocrine signaling and metabolic homeostasis\u003c\/strong\u003e. Hormonal and adipokine signaling coordinates systemic energy balance, appetite, glucose handling, and tissue-specific metabolic programs.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn experimental systems, protein abundance can reflect regulated expression, secretion, processing, or clearance. Interpreting changes benefits from considering compartment (cell-associated vs soluble), the time scale of regulation, and whether complexes or modified forms contribute to the measured signal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSystems-level readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantification supports comparisons across conditions, time points, and treatment groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic interpretation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Pairing with upstream regulators and downstream markers helps contextualize changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBiomarker-style profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measuring panels of related analytes can improve interpretability in complex models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920900125037,"sku":"EK2287","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2287.jpg?v=1769078422"},{"product_id":"canine-ccl2-mcp-1-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001949","title":"Canine CCL2\/MCP-1 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-C motif chemokine 2, HC11, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, MCAF, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP-1, Monocyte secretory protein JE.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eCCL2\/MCP-1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCCL2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eCell Signaling\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906121581,"sku":"EK2331","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2331.jpg?v=1769078479"},{"product_id":"canine-il-8-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001950","title":"Canine IL-8 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-8, IL-8, C-X-C motif chemokine 8, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, Emoctakin, Granulocyte chemotactic protein 1, GCP-1, Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-8\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCXCL8\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906154349,"sku":"EK2332","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2332.jpg?v=1769078480"},{"product_id":"canine-tnf-alpha-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001951","title":"Canine TNF-alpha ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tumor necrosis factor, Cachectin, TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, membrane form, N-terminal fragment, NTF.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eTNF-alpha\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906187117,"sku":"EK2333","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2333.jpg?v=1769078481"},{"product_id":"canine-vegf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001952","title":"Canine VEGF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-A, Vascular permeability factor, VPF, Vegfa, Vegf.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eVEGF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eVEGFA\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906219885,"sku":"EK2334","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2334_961677f9-1678-45e0-a7aa-8c5e0173d82e.jpg?v=1769078481"},{"product_id":"canine-il-10-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001953","title":"Canine IL-10 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-10, IL-10, Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, CSIF, Il10.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-10\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL10\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906252653,"sku":"EK2335","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2335.jpg?v=1769078482"},{"product_id":"canine-il-6-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001954","title":"Canine IL-6 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-6, IL-6, Il6.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-6\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL6\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906285421,"sku":"EK2336","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2336.jpg?v=1769078482"},{"product_id":"canine-il-4-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001955","title":"Canine IL-4 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-4, IL-4, B-cell stimulatory factor 1, BSF-1, Binetrakin, Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, Pitrakinra, IL4.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL4\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906318189,"sku":"EK2337","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2337.jpg?v=1769078483"},{"product_id":"canine-il-1-beta-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001956","title":"Canine IL-1 beta ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-1 beta, IL-1 beta, Il1b.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-1 beta\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL1B\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906350957,"sku":"EK2338","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2338.jpg?v=1769078484"},{"product_id":"canine-il-12-il-23-p40-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001957","title":"Canine IL-12\/IL-23 p40 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-12 subunit beta, IL-12B, Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 40 kDa subunit, CLMF p40, IL-12 subunit p40, Il12b.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-12\/IL-23 p40\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL12B\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906383725,"sku":"EK2340","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2340.jpg?v=1769078484"},{"product_id":"canine-il-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001958","title":"Canine IL-2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interferon alpha\/beta receptor 1, IFN-R-1, IFN-alpha\/beta receptor 1, Cytokine receptor class-II member 1, Cytokine receptor family 2 member 1, CRF2-1, Type I interferon receptor 1, IFNAR1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL2RG\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eOncology \u0026amp; Angiogenesis\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906416493,"sku":"EK2341","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2341_99f2cdee-b5d9-4fcd-89f5-d766745513b3.jpg?v=1769078485"},{"product_id":"canine-gm-csf-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001959","title":"Canine GM-CSF ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cytokine receptor common subunit beta, GM-CSF\/IL-3\/IL-5 receptor common beta subunit, CD131, Csf2rb, Aic2b, Csf2rb1, Il3rb1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eGM-CSF\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCSF2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906449261,"sku":"EK2342","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2342.jpg?v=1769078486"},{"product_id":"canine-hgfr-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001960","title":"Canine HGFR ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Hepatocyte growth factor receptor, HGF receptor, 2.7.10.1, HGF\/SF receptor, Proto-oncogene c-Met, Scatter factor receptor, SF receptor, Tyrosine-protein kinase Met.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eHGFR\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eMET\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906482029,"sku":"EK2343","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2343_001018c7-f179-48f9-b48b-e07a34fa0327.jpg?v=1769078486"},{"product_id":"canine-ccl5-rantes-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001961","title":"Canine CCL5\/RANTES ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-C motif chemokine 5, EoCP, Eosinophil chemotactic cytokine, SIS-delta, Small-inducible cytokine A5, T cell-specific protein P228, TCP228, T-cell-specific protein RANTES.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eCCL5\/RANTES\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCCL5\u003c\/strong\u003e) is an established target in many assay panels, supporting hypothesis testing across diverse biological systems. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906514797,"sku":"EK2344","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2344_0e93ed67-2a91-43d9-a869-83291fc057e5.jpg?v=1769078486"},{"product_id":"canine-ifn-gamma-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001962","title":"Canine IFN-gamma ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interferon gamma, IFN-gamma, IFNG.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIFN-gamma\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIFNG\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920906547565,"sku":"EK2345","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2345_65b042ff-da20-4dcb-8b74-441b66f142d0.jpg?v=1769078487"},{"product_id":"feline-ifn-gamma-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001983","title":"Feline IFN-gamma ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interferon gamma receptor 1, IFN-gamma receptor 1, IFN-gamma-R1, CDw119, CD119, IFNGR1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIFN-gamma\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIFNG\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eOxidative Stress\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907268461,"sku":"EK2367","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2367.jpg?v=1769078499"},{"product_id":"feline-il-6-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001984","title":"Feline IL-6 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-6, IL-6, Il6.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-6\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL6\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907301229,"sku":"EK2368","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2368.jpg?v=1769078500"},{"product_id":"feline-tnf-alpha-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001985","title":"Feline TNF-alpha ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tumor necrosis factor, Cachectin, TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, membrane form, N-terminal fragment, NTF.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eTNF-alpha\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTNF\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907333997,"sku":"EK2369","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2369.jpg?v=1769078500"},{"product_id":"feline-il-10-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001986","title":"Feline IL-10 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-10, IL-10, Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, CSIF, Il10.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-10\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL10\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907366765,"sku":"EK2370","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2370.jpg?v=1769078501"},{"product_id":"feline-il-1-beta-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001987","title":"Feline IL-1 beta ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-1 beta, IL-1 beta, Il1b.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-1 beta\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL1B\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907399533,"sku":"EK2371","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2371.jpg?v=1769078501"},{"product_id":"feline-il-8-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001988","title":"Feline IL-8 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-8, IL-8, C-X-C motif chemokine 8, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, Emoctakin, Granulocyte chemotactic protein 1, GCP-1, Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-8\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eCXCL8\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907432301,"sku":"EK2372","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2372.jpg?v=1769078502"},{"product_id":"feline-il-4-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001989","title":"Feline IL-4 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-4, IL-4, B-cell stimulatory factor 1, BSF-1, Binetrakin, Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, Pitrakinra, IL4.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-4\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL4\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eEndocrinology \u0026amp; Hormones\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907465069,"sku":"EK2373","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2373_7f252ec5-902b-4074-9382-2fb3a80f92c4.jpg?v=1769078502"},{"product_id":"feline-il-2-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21001990","title":"Feline IL-2 ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-2, IL-2, T-cell growth factor, TCGF, Aldesleukin, IL2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFeline \u003cstrong\u003eIL-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eCell Signaling\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907497837,"sku":"EK2374","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2374.jpg?v=1769078503"},{"product_id":"canine-il-17a-elisa-kit-picokine-bhe21002001","title":"Canine IL-17A ELISA Kit PicoKine®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Interleukin-17A, IL-17, IL-17A, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 8, CTLA-8, Il17a, Ctla8, Il17.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCanine \u003cstrong\u003eIL-17A\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eIL17A\u003c\/strong\u003e) is widely studied as a molecular readout in experimental models where changes in protein abundance reflect underlying biology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Cytokines and chemokines act as soluble messengers that coordinate immune cell activation, trafficking, and effector functions. Their concentrations can change rapidly in response to infection, tissue injury, or immune stimulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and signaling context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn immune signaling networks, cytokine production is often induced by pattern-recognition pathways and inflammatory transcriptional programs, while feedback regulators can dampen responses to restore homeostasis. Chemokine gradients guide leukocyte migration, influencing which cell populations accumulate at a site and how long they persist.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmune activation readout:\u003c\/strong\u003e Shifts in abundance can reflect pathway engagement and cellular activation state.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicroenvironment profiling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels can help characterize inflammatory tone in tissues or biofluids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResponse monitoring:\u003c\/strong\u003e Time-course measurements support interpretation of stimulus, treatment, or infection models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMany cytokines and chemokines are reported to associate with inflammatory, autoimmune, infectious, and oncology-related processes. In research settings, interpreting changes benefits from pairing this analyte with complementary markers (e.g., upstream triggers, downstream effectors, and cell-type indicators) and considering matrix effects.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"96 wells\/kit, with removable strips.","offer_id":52920907858285,"sku":"EK2387","price":513.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ek2387.jpg?v=1769078509"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-bmp-2-ez-set-and-trade-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21002010","title":"Dog Canine BMP-2 EZ-Set\u0026trade; ELISA Kit (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Bone morphogenetic protein 2, BMP-2, Bone morphogenetic protein 2A, BMP-2A, Bmp2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine BMP-2\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eBMP2\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eMolecular \u0026amp; Cellular Biology\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920908349805,"sku":"EZ0313-CN","price":515.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez0313-cn.png?v=1769078513"},{"product_id":"dog-canine-tgf-beta-1-ez-set-and-trade-elisa-kit-diy-antibody-pairs-bhe21002049","title":"Dog Canine TGF Beta 1 EZ-Set\u0026trade; ELISA Kit (DIY Antibody Pairs)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlso known as:\u003c\/strong\u003e Transforming growth factor beta-1, TGF-beta-1, Latency-associated peptide, LAP, TGFB1, TGFB.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDog Canine TGF Beta 1\u003c\/strong\u003e (\u003cstrong\u003eTGFB1\u003c\/strong\u003e) is a commonly measured biological analyte that can provide insight into cellular state and tissue physiology. This target is frequently investigated in \u003cstrong\u003eImmunology \u0026amp; Inflammation\u003c\/strong\u003e research contexts. Growth factors and morphogens regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and tissue remodeling by engaging surface receptors and activating downstream signaling cascades. Their activity is often context-dependent, shaped by receptor availability, extracellular matrix binding, and feedback regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological function and mechanism\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn many systems, growth-factor signaling integrates environmental cues with developmental or repair programs. Downstream pathways frequently include kinase signaling modules and transcriptional responses that alter cell-cycle control, migration, or lineage specification. Because these signals can be transient, quantitative measurements are useful for understanding timing and dose dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eWhy it matters in research\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePathway engagement:\u003c\/strong\u003e Concentration changes can indicate activation of growth, survival, or differentiation programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue remodeling:\u003c\/strong\u003e Levels may relate to repair, fibrosis, angiogenesis, or developmental patterning in model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMechanistic studies:\u003c\/strong\u003e Tracking abundance alongside downstream markers helps connect ligand availability to signaling output.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDisease and translational relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAltered growth-factor signaling has been reported across diverse conditions, including cancer biology, cardiovascular remodeling, wound repair, and metabolic dysfunction. For research interpretation, consider whether the measured form represents active ligand, bound complexes, or processed fragments, as these can influence apparent levels.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"5 plates\/kit","offer_id":52920909857133,"sku":"EZ0513-CN","price":515.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ez0513-cn.png?v=1769078534"},{"product_id":"canine-interleukin-4-il-4-elisa-kit-bhe12100558","title":"Canine Interleukin 4, IL-4 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterleukin 4 (IL4)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology and cancer research. Cytokines act as soluble messengers that shape immune-cell behavior, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: O77762\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Interleukin 4 (IL4) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Interleukin 4 (IL4) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 4 (IL4) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Interleukin 4 (IL4) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterleukin 4 (IL4)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eB-cell stimulatory factor 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eBSF-1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eIL 4\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449646957,"sku":"E0003Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0003Ca.jpg?v=1769145957"},{"product_id":"canine-interleukin-6-il-6-elisa-kit-bhe12100559","title":"Canine Interleukin 6, IL-6 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterleukin 6 (IL6)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology, neuroscience, and microbiology research. Cytokines act as soluble messengers that shape immune-cell behavior, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P41323\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Interleukin 6 (IL6) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Interleukin 6 (IL6) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 6 (IL6) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Interleukin 6 (IL6) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterleukin 6 (IL6)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eIL 6\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eIL6\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eIL-6\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449679725,"sku":"E0004Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0004Ca.jpg?v=1769145958"},{"product_id":"canine-interleukin-10-il-10-elisa-kit-bhe12100561","title":"Canine Interleukin 10, IL-10 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterleukin 10 (IL10)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology and cancer research. Cytokines act as soluble messengers that shape immune-cell behavior, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P48411\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Interleukin 10 (IL10) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Interleukin 10 (IL10) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 10 (IL10) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Interleukin 10 (IL10) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterleukin 10 (IL10)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCSIF\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eCytokine synthesis inhibitory factor\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eIL 10\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449712493,"sku":"E0006Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0006Ca.jpg?v=1769145958"},{"product_id":"canine-interferon-gamma-ifn-g-elisa-kit-bhe12100565","title":"Canine Interferon Gamma, IFN-G ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterferon Gamma (IFNG)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in immunology, stem cells, and cancer research. Cytokines act as soluble messengers that shape immune-cell behavior, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P42161\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Interferon Gamma (IFNG) is frequently examined in relation to innate and adaptive immune responses, cytokine signaling networks, and immune cell activation and trafficking. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Interferon Gamma (IFNG) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterferon Gamma (IFNG) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Interferon Gamma (IFNG) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterferon Gamma (IFNG)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eIFN G\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eIFN gamma\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eIFNG\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449745261,"sku":"E0011Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0011Ca.jpg?v=1769145958"},{"product_id":"canine-caveolin-1-cav-1-elisa-kit-bhe12100566","title":"Canine Caveolin-1, CAV-1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCaveolin-1 (CAV1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P33724\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Caveolin-1 (CAV1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eCaveolin-1 (CAV1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Caveolin-1 (CAV1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCaveolin-1 (CAV1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCAV 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eCAV1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eCaveolin-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449778029,"sku":"E0012Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0012Ca.jpg?v=1769145958"},{"product_id":"canine-occludin-elisa-kit-bhe12100567","title":"Canine Occludin, ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOccludin, (OCLN)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in signal transduction research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q28269\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Occludin, (OCLN) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Occludin, (OCLN) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eOccludin, (OCLN) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Occludin, (OCLN) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOccludin, (OCLN)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eOccludin\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eOCLN\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449810797,"sku":"E0013Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0013Ca.jpg?v=1769145959"},{"product_id":"canine-endothelin-1-et-1-elisa-kit-bhe12100568","title":"Canine Endothelin 1, ET-1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEndothelin 1 (ET-1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cardiovascular research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P13206\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Endothelin 1 (ET-1) is frequently examined in relation to vascular biology and endothelial function, cardiac remodeling and injury responses, and hemostasis and thrombosis. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Endothelin 1 (ET-1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eEndothelin 1 (ET-1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Endothelin 1 (ET-1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEndothelin 1 (ET-1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eBig endothelin-1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eEDN 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eEDN1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449843565,"sku":"E0014Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0014Ca.jpg?v=1769145959"},{"product_id":"canine-intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1-icam-1-elisa-kit-bhe12100571","title":"Canine Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1, ICAM-1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: P33729\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIntercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCD antigen CD54\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eFragment\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eICAM-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449876333,"sku":"E0017Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0017Ca.jpg?v=1769145959"},{"product_id":"canine-vascular-cell-adhesion-molecule-1-vcam-1-elisa-kit-bhe12100573","title":"Canine Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1, VCAM-1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cancer research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q28260\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1) is frequently examined in relation to tumor microenvironment biology, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and angiogenesis and immune-oncology mechanisms. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCD antigen CD106\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eVascular cell adhesion protein 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eVCAM 1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449909101,"sku":"E0020Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0020Ca.jpg?v=1769145959"},{"product_id":"canine-von-willebrand-factor-vwf-elisa-kit-bhe12100575","title":"Canine Von Willebrand Factor, VWF ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVon Willebrand Factor (VWF)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cardiovascular research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q28295\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is frequently examined in relation to vascular biology and endothelial function, cardiac remodeling and injury responses, and hemostasis and thrombosis. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eVon Willebrand Factor (VWF) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVon Willebrand Factor (VWF)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003evon Willebrand factor\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003evWF\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449941869,"sku":"E0022Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0022Ca.jpg?v=1769145961"},{"product_id":"canine-catalase-cat-elisa-kit-bhe12100583","title":"Canine Catalase, CAT ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAT\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in tags \u0026amp; cell markers, signal transduction, and cardiovascular research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: O97492\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, CAT is frequently examined in relation to vascular biology and endothelial function, cardiac remodeling and injury responses, and hemostasis and thrombosis. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of CAT can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eCAT has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of CAT can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAT\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eCAT\u003c\/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003eCatalase\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952449974637,"sku":"E0031Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0031Ca.jpg?v=1769145960"},{"product_id":"canine-angiopoietin-1-ang-1-elisa-kit-bhe12100590","title":"Canine Angiopoietin 1, ANG-1 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin 1 (ANG-1)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cardiovascular and cancer research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q60FC1\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Angiopoietin 1 (ANG-1) is frequently examined in relation to vascular biology and endothelial function, cardiac remodeling and injury responses, and hemostasis and thrombosis. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Angiopoietin 1 (ANG-1) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAngiopoietin 1 (ANG-1) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Angiopoietin 1 (ANG-1) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin 1 (ANG-1)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eANG 1\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eANG-1\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin-1\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952450007405,"sku":"E0038Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0038Ca.jpg?v=1769145961"},{"product_id":"canine-angiopoietin-2-ang-2-elisa-kit-bhe12100591","title":"Canine Angiopoietin 2, ANG-2 ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin 2 (ANG-2)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in cardiovascular research. This molecule is commonly investigated as part of broader signaling, regulatory, or homeostatic networks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: A0A8J8\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Angiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) is frequently examined in relation to vascular biology and endothelial function, cardiac remodeling and injury responses, and hemostasis and thrombosis. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Angiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAngiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Angiopoietin 2 (ANG-2) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin 2 (ANG-2)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003eANG 2\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003eANG-2\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003eAngiopoietin-2\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952450040173,"sku":"E0039Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0039Ca.jpg?v=1769145960"},{"product_id":"canine-patelet-derived-growth-factor-bb-pdgf-bb-elisa-kit-bhe12100592","title":"Canine Patelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb, PDGF-BB ELISA Kit","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb (PDGFB)\u003c\/strong\u003e is a molecular target commonly studied in life science research. Growth factors regulate proliferation, survival, differentiation, and tissue remodeling through receptor-mediated signaling.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUniProt\u003c\/strong\u003e: Q6Q7I7\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological role and pathway context\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the literature, Patelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb (PDGFB) is frequently examined in relation to mechanistic biology studies, biomarker-focused profiling, and disease-model research. Depending on the model system, changes in abundance can be associated with shifts in signaling state, cellular composition, or tissue physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eExpression and regulation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eExpression of Patelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb (PDGFB) can vary across tissues and cell types and may change under conditions such as immune activation, stress responses, injury, infection, or metabolic perturbation. Reported regulation may involve transcriptional control as well as post-translational processes that influence stability, localization, processing, or secretion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch and disease relevance\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003ePatelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb (PDGFB) has been reported as a useful readout in studies of physiological regulation and disease-associated processes. These observations make it relevant for hypothesis-driven research and biomarker exploration, while interpretation should remain grounded in the specific species, sample matrix, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eInterpreting concentration measurements\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeasured levels of Patelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb (PDGFB) can reflect multiple biological factors, including production rate, turnover, compartmental distribution, and sample composition. As a result, conclusions are often supported by considering broader pathway context and complementary readouts rather than relying on a single analyte alone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNomenclature\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatelet-derived Growth Factor-Bb (PDGFB)\u003c\/strong\u003e may also be referred to as \u003cstrong\u003ePDGF B\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003ePDGF subunit B\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong\u003ePDGF-2\u003c\/strong\u003e in publications and databases. Nomenclature differences and species context can influence how results are compared across studies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bioassay Technology Laboratory","offers":[{"title":"96T","offer_id":52952450072941,"sku":"E0040Ca-96T","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/E0040Ca.jpg?v=1769145961"}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/collections\/rc-veterinary-agricultural-companion-animal-research.oembed?page=48","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}