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Home / Biochemicals / Small Molecules

Brefeldin A

SKU : BHB21300064

Protein Synthesis and Transport Inhibitor

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Alomone Labs

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Mfr.No.	B-275, B-275_1 mg
Description	Brefeldin A (#B-275) is a highly pure, natural, and biologically active compound.
Molecular Formula	C16H24O4.
Synonyms	Natural
Background	Brefeldin A (BFA)1 is a macrocyclic lactone synthesized from palmitate (C16) by a variety of fungi. It was initially isolated and characterized in the 1960s as an antiviral antibiotic.2,3 In the late 1980s it was found to act as a very powerful inhibitor of intracellular protein transport.4-6 BFA specifically and reversibly blocks protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus in many cell types and species.7,8 These effects are generally accompanied by distinct structural changes expressed in apparent collapse of the Golgi stacks and its redistribution into the ER as well as into the nuclear envelope,6,7 which leads to inhibition of protein secretion, vesicular assembly and antigen presentation.3-9 A large body of evidence demonstrates that BFA inhibits the whole cell membrane traffic by its ability to inhibit binding of regulatory coat proteins to their target organelles. In this way, BFA deregulates membrane traffic throughout the central vacuolar system of the cell.8BFA was also shown to act as a mitosis inhibitor in plant cells, and as a cancerostatic and apoptosis inducer in animal cells.6-10BFA is very effective for enhancing accumulation of intracellular cytokines and it has relatively low toxicity (LD50 in mice (intraperitoneal injection) >200 mg/kg).10 Due to its peculiar activity, BFA is used as an inducer of pathogenesis in models of neurodegenerative diseases.10-13
Shipping	Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C
Concentration	1-100 uM.
Reconstitution	Centrifuge the vial before adding solvent (10,000 x g for 5 minutes) to spin down all the powder to the bottom of the vial. The lyophilized product may be difficult to visualize. Add solvent directly to the centrifuged vial. Tap the vial to aid in dissolving the lyophilized product. Tilt and gently roll the liquid over the walls of the vial. Avoid vigorous vortexing. Light vortexing for up to 3 seconds is acceptable if needed. The product is soluble in pure water at high micromolar concentrations (100 uM - 1 mM). For long-term storage in solution, we recommend preparing a stock solution by dissolving the product in double-distilled water (ddH2O) at a concentration between 100-1000x of the final working concentration. Divide the stock solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Before use, thaw the relevant vial(s) and dilute to the desired working concentration in your working buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions in working buffers just before use. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles to maintain biological activity
Cas Number	20350-15-6
Molecular Weight	280.4
Solubility	DMSO, ethanol, methanol, dichloromethane. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).
Activity	Brefeldin A is an antiviral antibiotic which inhibits protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the golgi by disassembling the golgi1,2. It can also induce apoptosis in some cell types3. Brefeldein A is widely used as an enhancer of intracellular cytokine accumulation and neurodegenerative disease inducer in cell culture models4,5.
Country Of Origin	Israel/IL
UNSPSC Code	41116134
Application	FC- Flow cytometry, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry,LCI- Live cell imaging, Calcium imaging assay,Cell survival assay, Electrophysiology, Neurite outgrowth assay
Lead Time	1-2 Business Days
Notes	Bioassay Tested: Yes Chemical Name: gamma-4-Dihdyroxy-2-(6-hydroxy-1- heptenyl)-4-cyclopentanecrotonic acid.

Purity	>99%
Form	Lyophilized Powder
Storage	Storage After Reconstitution: The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the product in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Storage before Reconstitution: The product is shipped as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon receipt, store the product at -20°C. Protect from moisture. Storage of solutions: Up to two weeks at 4°C or six months at -20°C.

Product Manual	SDS

Reference	Herri, E. et al. (1963) Helv. Chim. Acta. 46, 1235. Handschin, U. et al. (1968) Helv. Chim. Acta. 51, 1943. Tamura, G. et al. (1968) J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 21, 160. Oda, K. et al. (1987) FEBS Lett. 214, 135. Takatsuki, A. et al. (1985) Agric. Biol. Chem. 49, 899. Fujiwara, T. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 18545. Lippincott-Schwartz, J. et al. (1989) Cell 56, 801. Klausner, R.D. et al. (1992) J. Cell. Biol. 116, 1071. Misumi, Y. et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 11398. Betina, V. (1992) Folia Microbiol. (Praha) 37, 3. Pommepuy, I. et al. (2003) Oncology 64, 459. Salles F.T. et al. (2004) Oral Oncol. 40, 585. Kikuchi, S. et al. (2004) J. Neurosci. Res. 71, 591. Lippincott-Schwartz, J. et al. (1989) Cell 56, 801. Klausner, R.D. et al. (1992) J. Cell. Biol. 116, 1071. Shao, R.G. et al. (1996) Exp. Cell Res. 227, 190. Tamura, G. et al. (1968) J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 21, 160. Pommepuy, I. et al. (2003) Oncology 64, 459.

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Combination SKU	Supplier No.	Size	Your price	Quantity
BHB21300064-1	B-275_1 mg	1 mg	$75		Add to Cart
BHB21300064-2	B-275_1 mg	5x1 mg	$282		Add to Cart

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