Aberrant activation of HCK by HIV-1 protein Nef enhances HIV-1 replication and contributes to HIV-1 pathogenicity.; DISEASE: Note=Aberrant activation of HCK, e.g. by the BCR-ABL fusion protein, promotes cancer cell proliferation.
Isoform 1: Lysosome, Membrane, Lipid-anchor, Cell projection, podosome membrane, Lipid-anchor, Cytoplasm, cytosol, Note=Associated with specialized secretory lysosomes called azurophil granules, At least half of this isoform is found in the cytoplasm, some of this fraction is myristoylated, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Isoform 2: Cell membrane, Lipid-anchor, Membrane, caveola, Lipid-anchor, Cell junction, focal adhesion, Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, Golgi apparatus, Cytoplasmic vesicle, Lysosome, Nucleus
This protein is a protein-tyrosine kinase that is predominantly expressed in hemopoietic cell types. The encoded protein may help couple the Fc receptor to the activation of the respiratory burst. In addition, it may play a role in neutrophil migration and in the degranulation of neutrophils. Alternate translation initiation site usage, including a non-AUG (CUG) codon, results in the production of two different isoforms, that have different subcellular localization.
Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase found in hematopoietic cells that transmits signals from cell surface receptors and plays an important role in the regulation of innate immune responses, including neutrophil, monocyte, macrophage and mast cell functions, phagocytosis, cell survival and proliferation, cell adhesion and migration. Acts downstream of receptors that bind the Fc region of immunoglobulins, such as FCGR1A and FCGR2A, but also CSF3R, PLAUR, the receptors for IFNG, IL2, IL6 and IL8, and integrins, such as ITGB1 and ITGB2. During the phagocytic process, mediates mobilization of secretory lysosomes, degranulation, and activation of NADPH oxidase to bring about the respiratory burst. Plays a role in the release of inflammatory molecules. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and actin polymerization, formation of podosomes and cell protrusions. Inhibits TP73-mediated transcription activation and TP73-mediated apoptosis. Phosphorylates CBL in response to activation of immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptors. Phosphorylates ADAM15, BCR, ELMO1, FCGR2A, GAB1, GAB2, RAPGEF1, STAT5B, TP73, VAV1 and WAS.
Pathway
Chemokine signaling pathway Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis
Protein Families
Protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, SRC subfamily
Tissue Specificity
Detected in monocytes and neutrophils (at protein level). Expressed predominantly in cells of the myeloid and B-lymphoid lineages. Highly expressed in granulocytes. Detected in tonsil.