{"product_id":"anti-granzyme-a-gzma-antibody-picoband-bha21002837","title":"Anti-Granzyme A\/GZMA Antibody Picoband®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnti-Granzyme A\/GZMA Antibody Picoband® is an antibody for GZMA detection raised in Rabbit (Polyclonal, Rabbit IgG), with reported reactivity: Human. Commonly used in WB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA workflows.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e GZMA (CD3e molecule); UniProt: P12544\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Rabbit, Polyclonal, Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 29 kDa, calculated 12252 MW\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications:\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVendor description (summary):\u003c\/strong\u003e Boster Bio Anti-Granzyme A\/GZMA Antibody Picoband® catalog # A02779-3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiological context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR-mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. In addition of this role of signal transduction in T-cell activation, CD3E plays an essential role in correct T-cell development (PubMed:19956738, PubMed:24899501). Participates also in internalization and cell surface down-regulation of TCR-CD3 complexes via endocytosis sequences present in CD3E cytosolic region.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpression and localization notes:\u003c\/strong\u003e cellular localization: alpha-beta T cell receptor complex; external side of plasma membrane; immunological synapse; cell body; cell-cell junction; dendritic spine; integral component of membrane.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blotting (WB):\u003c\/strong\u003e Compare GZMA levels across samples and conditions using appropriate loading and biological controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry (IHC):\u003c\/strong\u003e Evaluate spatial distribution of GZMA in tissue sections, considering fixation and antigen retrieval effects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantify GZMA-positive populations in single-cell suspensions with appropriate gating and controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eELISA:\u003c\/strong\u003e Use antibody-based detection formats to assess antigen presence or binding in plate-based assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAccount for isoforms, post-translational modifications, and sample-specific processing that can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUse positive\/negative biological controls where possible (e.g., known-expressing cells\/tissues, knockdown\/knockout models) and include appropriate secondary-only\/isotype controls for imaging workflows.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAdditional product notes (from provided fields)\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c\/strong\u003e GRB7, growth factor receptor-bound protein 7, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GRB7 gene. The product of this gene belongs to a small family of adaptor proteins that are known to interact with a number of receptor tyrosine kinases and signaling molecules. This gene encodes a growth factor receptor-binding protein that interacts with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ephrin receptors. The protein plays a role in the integrin signaling pathway and cell migration by binding with focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms, although the full-length natures of only two of the variants have been determined to date. GRB7 is an SH2-domain adaptor protein that binds to receptor tyrosine kinases and provides the intra-cellular link to the Ras proto-oncogene. Human GRB7 is located on the long arm of chromosome 17, next to the ERBB2 (alias HER2\/neu) proto-oncogene. These two genes are commonly co-amplified (present in excess copies) in breast cancers. GRB7 though to be involved in migration, is well known to be over-expressed in testicular germ cell tumors, esophageal cancers, and gastric cancers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCross reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCellular localization:\u003c\/strong\u003e alpha-beta T cell receptor complex; external side of plasma membrane; immunological synapse; cell body; cell-cell junction; dendritic spine; integral component of membrane\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResearch category:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cardiovascular,Chemokines,Immunology,Innate Immunity,Platelets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt entry for P12544: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprot\/P12544 - Ensembl search (GZMA): https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=GZMA - Human Protein Atlas search (GZMA): https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\/search\/GZMA - PubMed search (GZMA): https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=GZMA --\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53067726651757,"sku":"A02779-3","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53068045222253,"sku":"A02779-3-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53068045255021,"sku":"A02779-3-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53068045287789,"sku":"A02779-3-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53068045320557,"sku":"A02779-3-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53068045353325,"sku":"A02779-3-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53068045386093,"sku":"A02779-3-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53068045418861,"sku":"A02779-3-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53068045451629,"sku":"A02779-3-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53068045484397,"sku":"A02779-3-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53068045517165,"sku":"A02779-3-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53068045549933,"sku":"A02779-3-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a02779-3-gzma-primary-antibodies-wb-testing-1.jpg?v=1772609712","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-granzyme-a-gzma-antibody-picoband-bha21002837","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}