{"product_id":"anti-hla-dr-hla-dra-antibody-picoband-bha21002346","title":"Anti-HLA-DR\/HLA-DRA Antibody Picoband®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnti-HLA-DR\/HLA-DRA Antibody Picoband® is an antibody for HLA-DRA detection raised in Rabbit (Polyclonal, Rabbit IgG), with reported reactivity: Human. Commonly used in WB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA workflows.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e HLA-DRA (major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha); UniProt: P01903; NCBI Gene: 3122\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Rabbit, Polyclonal, Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 37 kDa, calculated 82536 MW\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications:\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVendor description (summary):\u003c\/strong\u003e Boster Bio Anti-HLA-DR\/HLA-DRA Antibody Picoband® catalog # A01195.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiological context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal\/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal\/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpression and localization notes:\u003c\/strong\u003e cellular localization: Cytoplasm. Neuron projection..\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blotting (WB):\u003c\/strong\u003e Compare HLA-DRA levels across samples and conditions using appropriate loading and biological controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry (IHC):\u003c\/strong\u003e Evaluate spatial distribution of HLA-DRA in tissue sections, considering fixation and antigen retrieval effects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantify HLA-DRA-positive populations in single-cell suspensions with appropriate gating and controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eELISA:\u003c\/strong\u003e Use antibody-based detection formats to assess antigen presence or binding in plate-based assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAccount for isoforms, post-translational modifications, and sample-specific processing that can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUse positive\/negative biological controls where possible (e.g., known-expressing cells\/tissues, knockdown\/knockout models) and include appropriate secondary-only\/isotype controls for imaging workflows.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAdditional product notes (from provided fields)\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecificity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c\/strong\u003e HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain?is a?protein?that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRA?gene. It is mapped to 6p21.32. HLA-DRA is one of the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCross reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCellular localization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cytoplasm. Neuron projection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResearch category:\u003c\/strong\u003e Signal Transduction\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt entry for P01903: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprot\/P01903 - NCBI Gene (ID 3122): https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/3122 - Ensembl search (HLA-DRA): https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=HLA-DRA - Human Protein Atlas search (HLA-DRA): https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\/search\/HLA-DRA - PubMed search (HLA-DRA): https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=HLA-DRA --\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53067710562669,"sku":"A01195","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53067862212973,"sku":"A01195-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53067862245741,"sku":"A01195-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53067862278509,"sku":"A01195-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53067862311277,"sku":"A01195-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53067862344045,"sku":"A01195-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53067862376813,"sku":"A01195-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53067862409581,"sku":"A01195-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53067862442349,"sku":"A01195-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53067862475117,"sku":"A01195-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53067862507885,"sku":"A01195-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53067862540653,"sku":"A01195-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a01195-hla-dra-primary-antibodies-wb-testing-1.jpg?v=1772609621","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-hla-dr-hla-dra-antibody-picoband-bha21002346","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}