{"product_id":"anti-hmgb1-antibody-picoband-bha21001091","title":"Anti-HMGB1 Antibody Picoband®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis antibody is intended for detection of \u003cstrong\u003eHMGB1 (High mobility group protein B1)\u003c\/strong\u003e in biological samples using common immunoassay formats. It is typically selected based on target identity, species reactivity, clonality\/clone information, and detection modality.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eVendor notes:\u003c\/em\u003e Boster Bio Anti-HMGB1 Antibody Picoband® catalog # A00066-1. Tested in Flow Cytometry, IF, IHC, ICC, WB applications. This antibody reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat. The brand Picoband indicates this is a premium antibody that guarantees superior quality, high affinity, and strong signals with minimal background in Western blot applications. Only our best-performing antibodies are designated as Picoband, ensuring unmatched performance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Rabbit Polyclonal Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunogen \/ epitope context:\u003c\/strong\u003e A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human HMGB1, identical to the related mouse and rat sequences.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight context:\u003c\/strong\u003e reported MW: 25 kDa; calculated MW: 24894 MW\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eReactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Human,Mouse,Rat\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications:\u003c\/strong\u003e Flow Cytometry, IF, IHC, ICC, WB\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a polyclonal antibody, the reagent recognizes multiple epitopes on the target, which can improve detection robustness but may increase sensitivity to sample-dependent epitope changes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh mobility group protein B1; High mobility group protein B1. High mobility group box 1 protein, also known as high-mobility group protein 1 (HMG-1) and amphoterin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB1 gene. This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the High Mobility Group-box superfamily. The encoded non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of DNA. This protein plays a role in several cellular processes, including inflammation, cell differentiation and tumor cell migration. Multiple pseudogenes of this gene have been identified. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. Functional note: Multifunctional redox sensitive protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. In the nucleus is one of the major chromatin-associated non-histone proteins and acts as a DNA chaperone involved in replication, transcription, chromatin remodeling, V (D)J recombination, DNA repair and genome stability. Proposed to be an universal biosensor for nucleic acids. Promotes host inflammatory response to sterile and infectious signals and is involved in the coordination and integration of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the cytoplasm functions as sensor and\/or chaperone for immunogenic nucleic acids implicating the activation of TLR9-mediated immune responses, and mediates autophagy. Acts as danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury. Released to the extracellular environment can bind DNA, nucleosomes, IL-1 beta, CXCL12, AGER isoform 2\/sRAGE, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and activates cells through engagement of multiple surface receptors. In the extracellular compartment fully reduced HMGB1 (released by necrosis) acts as a chemokine, disulfide HMGB1 (actively secreted) as a cytokine, and sulfonyl HMGB1 (released from apoptotic cells) promotes immunological tolerance (PubMed:23519706, PubMed:23446148, PubMed:23994764, PubMed:25048472). Has proangiogdenic activity (By similarity). May be involved in platelet activation (By similarity). Binds to phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamide (By similarity). Bound to RAGE mediates signaling for neuronal outgrowth (By similarity). May play a role in accumulation of expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) proteins such as huntingtin (HTT) or TBP (PubMed:23303669, PubMed:25549101). . Reported localization: Nucleus . Chromosome . Cytoplasm . Secreted . Cell membrane ; Peripheral membrane protein ; Extracellular side . Endosome . Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment . In basal state predominantly nuclear. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus (PubMed:12231511, PubMed:17114460). Translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm upon autophagy stimulation (PubMed:20819940). Release from macrophages in the extracellular milieu requires the activation of NLRC4 or NLRP3 inflammasomes (By similarity). Passively released to the extracellular milieu from necrotic cells by diffusion, involving the fully reduced HGMB1 which subsequently gets oxidized (PubMed:19811284). Also released from apoptic cells (PubMed:16855214, PubMed:18631454). Active secretion from a variety of immune and non-immune cells such as macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells and natural killer cells in response to various stimuli such as LPS and cytokines involves a nonconventional secretory process via secretory lysosomes (PubMed:12231511, PubMed:14532127, PubMed:15944249). Secreted by plasma cells in response to LPS (By similarity). Found on the surface of activated platelets (PubMed:11154118). . Expression\/tissue context: Ubiquituous. Expressed in platelets (PubMed:11154118). .\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e2339: Researchers commonly examine how HMGB1 (High mobility group protein B1) relates to this theme using model systems and orthogonal readouts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDomain Families: Researchers commonly examine how HMGB1 (High mobility group protein B1) relates to this theme using model systems and orthogonal readouts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEpigenetics and Nuclear Signaling: Researchers commonly examine how HMGB1 (High mobility group protein B1) relates to this theme using model systems and orthogonal readouts.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eWestern blotting: compare relative HMGB1 (High mobility group protein B1) levels across conditions; band patterns may reflect isoforms and processing.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIHC\/IHC-F: assess spatial distribution of HMGB1 (High mobility group protein B1) across tissue regions and cell types using matched controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIF\/ICC: evaluate subcellular localization and co-localization patterns; signal can depend on fixation\/permeabilization and epitope accessibility.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlow cytometry: quantify target-positive populations and shifts in expression; gating strategy and background staining controls are essential.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecificity notes:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCross-reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIsoforms and PTMs:\u003c\/strong\u003e Apparent size and signal patterns can differ across splice isoforms, proteolytic processing, and post-translational modifications.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eControls:\u003c\/strong\u003e Include an isotype control (as relevant), no-primary control for imaging, and orthogonal validation such as KD\/KO samples when available.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt entry for P09429: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/P09429\/entry - PubMed search (HMGB1): https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=HMGB1 - NCBI Gene search (HMGB1): https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=HMGB1 - Antibody validation concepts (NIH): https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/research-training\/rigor-reproducibility --\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53066848403821,"sku":"A00066-1","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53067283071341,"sku":"A00066-1-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53067283104109,"sku":"A00066-1-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53067283136877,"sku":"A00066-1-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53067283169645,"sku":"A00066-1-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53067283202413,"sku":"A00066-1-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53067283235181,"sku":"A00066-1-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53067283267949,"sku":"A00066-1-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53067283300717,"sku":"A00066-1-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53067283333485,"sku":"A00066-1-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53067283366253,"sku":"A00066-1-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53067283399021,"sku":"A00066-1-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a00066-1-hmgb1-primary-antibodies-wb-testing-1.jpg?v=1772608270","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-hmgb1-antibody-picoband-bha21001091","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}