{"product_id":"anti-ndufa4-antibody-picoband-bha21005414","title":"Anti-NDUFA4 Antibody Picoband®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnti-NDUFA4 Antibody Picoband® is an antibody reagent for detection of \u003cstrong\u003eNDUFA4\u003c\/strong\u003e (interleukin 1 family member 10 (theta)). Researchers commonly use anti-NDUFA4 antibodies to measure relative expression and localization across biological samples, with assay selection guided by the listed applications (WB, IHC, IF, ICC, Flow, ELISA).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBoster Bio Anti-NDUFA4 Antibody Picoband® catalog # A09276-3. Tested in ELISA, IF, IHC, ICC, WB, Flow Cytometry applications. This antibody reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat. The brand Picoband indicates this is a premium antibody that guarantees superior quality, high affinity, and strong signals with minimal background in Western blot applications. Only our best-performing antibodies are designated as Picoband, ensuring unmatched performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e NDUFA4 — Nck-associated protein 1 (interleukin 1 family member 10 (theta)). Alternative names: Interleukin 1 family member 10 ;Interleukin 1 family, member 10 (Predicted) ;Il1f10 ;Il1f10_predicted ;rCG_45898 ;\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal; Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Host: Rabbit, Reactivity: Human,Mouse,Rat\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Immunogen affinity purified.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunogen:\u003c\/strong\u003e E.coli-derived human NDUFA4 recombinant protein (Position: M1-F81).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight context:\u003c\/strong\u003e observed 12 kDa, calculated 17081 MW (reported)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eProvided application(s):\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, IF, ICC, Flow, ELISA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese attributes help contextualize how the antibody is commonly selected (host\/clonality\/isotype\/label) and how signals are interpreted across sample types and assay formats.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunction:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cytokine with immunomodulatory activity. Alone, does not induce cytokine production, but reduces IL22 and IL17A production by T-cells in response to heat-killed Candida albicans. Reduces IL36G-induced production of IL8 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Increases IL6 production by dendritic cells stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Ligand for IL-36R\/IL1RL2.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCellular localization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Secreted .\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTissue details:\u003c\/strong\u003e Expressed in fetal skin, spleen and tonsil. Expressed mostly in the basal epithelia of skin and in proliferating B-cells of the tonsil.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c\/strong\u003e NDUFA4, mitochondrial complex associated is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDUFA4 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the complex I 9kDa subunit family. Mammalian complex I of mitochondrial respiratory chain is composed of 45 different subunits. This protein has NADH dehydrogenase activity and oxidoreductase activity. It transfers electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCross reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eQuantitative and spatial profiling: expression patterns are increasingly studied across cell states using multiplex imaging and omics-informed validation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIsoforms and post-translational modifications: researchers often evaluate how isoform composition and PTMs can shift apparent molecular weight or localization.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContext-aware interpretation: comparative studies commonly include perturbations (stimulation, inhibition, genetic models) to relate target changes to pathway behavior.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blot (WB):\u003c\/strong\u003e compare relative target abundance and apparent size shifts (e.g., isoforms\/PTMs) across conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry (IHC):\u003c\/strong\u003e assess distribution across tissue compartments and compare staining patterns between groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunofluorescence \/ ICC:\u003c\/strong\u003e evaluate subcellular localization and co-localization with compartment markers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e quantify target-positive populations and compare shifts after stimulation or differentiation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross these uses, researchers typically interpret changes in signal as relative differences between matched sample groups, considering sample preparation and biological context.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eApparent molecular weight can vary due to isoforms, proteolysis, glycosylation, phosphorylation, and sample preparation differences.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSpecies reactivity and epitope conservation can influence observed signal patterns, especially in cross-species studies.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eControl concepts: include appropriate negative controls (e.g., isotype controls where relevant) and, when feasible, genetic or orthogonal controls (KO\/KD, peptide competition, or independent assays) to support interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor antibody reagents, monoclonal antibodies are often chosen for epitope consistency across lots, while polyclonals may recognize multiple epitopes and can show different background characteristics depending on context.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt entry for NDUFA4 (O00483) — UniProt Consortium — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/O00483 - Ensembl gene summary for NDUFA4 — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org - HGNC gene symbol report for NDUFA4 — HGNC — https:\/\/www.genenames.org - Antibody validation concepts (general) — NIH\/NCBI resources — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53068630655341,"sku":"A09276-3","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53069171261805,"sku":"A09276-3-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53069171294573,"sku":"A09276-3-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53069171327341,"sku":"A09276-3-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53069171360109,"sku":"A09276-3-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53069171392877,"sku":"A09276-3-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53069171425645,"sku":"A09276-3-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53069171458413,"sku":"A09276-3-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53069171491181,"sku":"A09276-3-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53069171523949,"sku":"A09276-3-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53069171556717,"sku":"A09276-3-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53069171589485,"sku":"A09276-3-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a09276-3-ndufa4-primary-antibodies-wb-testing-1.jpg?v=1772611609","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-ndufa4-antibody-picoband-bha21005414","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}