{"product_id":"anti-padi4-pad4-antibody-picoband-bha21007259","title":"Anti-PADI4\/PAD4 Antibody Picoband®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnti-PADI4\/PAD4 Antibody Picoband® is an antibody targeting \u003cstrong\u003ePADI4\u003c\/strong\u003e. Common applications include \u003cstrong\u003eWB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA\u003c\/strong\u003e. Key specifications include host: \u003cstrong\u003eRabbit\u003c\/strong\u003e; clonality: \u003cstrong\u003ePolyclonal\u003c\/strong\u003e; isotype: \u003cstrong\u003eRabbit IgG\u003c\/strong\u003e; reactivity: \u003cstrong\u003eHuman\u003c\/strong\u003e; observed MW: \u003cstrong\u003e80 kDa\u003c\/strong\u003e; calculated MW: \u003cstrong\u003e74079 MW\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBoster Bio Anti-PADI4\/PAD4 Antibody catalog # PA2043. Tested in WB applications. This antibody reacts with Human. The brand Picoband indicates this is a premium antibody that guarantees superior quality, high affinity, and strong signals with minimal background in Western blot applications. Only our best-performing antibodies are designated as Picoband, ensuring unmatched performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e PADI4 — Protein-arginine deiminase type-4\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Host: Rabbit; Clonality: Polyclonal; Isotype: Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Human\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight guidance:\u003c\/strong\u003e Observed: 80 kDa; Calculated: 74079 MW\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecificity note:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein function (datasheet):\u003c\/strong\u003e Catalyzes the citrullination\/deimination of arginine residues of proteins such as histones, thereby playing a key role in histone code and regulation of stem cell maintenance. Citrullinates histone H1 at 'Arg-54' (to form H1R54ci), histone H3 at 'Arg-2', 'Arg-8', 'Arg-17' and\/or 'Arg-26' (to form H3R2ci, H3R8ci, H3R17ci, H3R26ci, respectively) and histone H4 at 'Arg-3' (to form H4R3ci). Acts as a key regulator of stem cell maintenance by mediating citrullination of histone H1: citrullination of 'Arg- 54' of histone H1 (H1R54ci) results in H1 displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance. Promotes profound chromatin decondensation during the innate immune response to infection in neutrophils by mediating formation of H1R54ci. Citrullination of histone H3 prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2\/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300\/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2\/GRIP1. .\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScientific background (datasheet):\u003c\/strong\u003e PADI4 (Peptidylarginine Deiminase, Type IV), also known as PAD or PAD4, is a human protein which in humans is encoded by the PADI4 gene. Peptidylarginine deiminases, such as PADI4, make up a family of posttranslational modification enzymes that convert arginine residues to citrulline residues in the presence of calcium ion (Nakashima et al., 1999). Suzuki et al. (2003) found from sequence data that the PADI4 gene maps to 1p36. Cuthbert et al. (2004) described a process, deimination, that converts histone arginine to citrulline and antagonizes arginine methylation. They showed that PADI4 specifically deiminated arg2, arg8, arg17, and arg26 in the H3 tail. Deimination by PADI4 prevented arginine methylation by CARM1. Dimethylation of arginines prevented deimination by PADI4, although monomethylation still allowed deimination to take place. In vivo targeting experiments on an endogenous promoter demonstrated that PADI4 could repress hormone receptor-mediated gene induction. PADI4 was recruited to the pS2 promoter following hormone induction when the gene was transcriptionally downregulated, consistent with a repressive role for PADI4.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCellular localization (datasheet):\u003c\/strong\u003e Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasmic granule. Cytoplasmic granules of eosinophils and neutrophils.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTissue details (datasheet):\u003c\/strong\u003e Expressed in eosinophils and neutrophils, not expressed in peripheral monocytes or lymphocytes. .\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommonly studied in contexts related to Amino Acid Metabolism,Amino Acids,Chromatin Modifying Enzymes,Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling,Metabolic Signaling Pathways,Metabolism,Methylation,Pathways and Processes,Signal Transduction.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSupports comparative expression analysis across conditions, genotypes, or treatments when paired with appropriate controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUseful for confirming target presence and subcellular distribution using orthogonal readouts (e.g., microscopy vs. immunoblotting).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blot (WB):\u003c\/strong\u003e Compare relative target abundance and apparent size\/isoforms across samples; interpret bands in light of expected MW and potential PTMs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eELISA:\u003c\/strong\u003e Measure target abundance in compatible matrices using a standard-curve readout; ensure dilution linearity and appropriate controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry (IHC):\u003c\/strong\u003e Assess tissue distribution and cell-type patterns; interpret staining with appropriate negative controls and antigen context.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantify target-positive populations in single-cell suspensions; pair with viability and isotype\/FMO controls conceptually.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsider isoforms, post-translational modifications, and processing that can shift apparent molecular weight or localization.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCross-reactivity (datasheet):\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse appropriate positive and negative controls (e.g., KO\/KD, blocking peptide, or isotype controls) to support specificity interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs a polyclonal antibody, this reagent may recognize multiple epitopes on the target, which can improve detection robustness but may require careful specificity controls.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\u003cbr\u003e- Product datasheet fields provided in this catalog row (vendor-supplied).\u003cbr\u003e- UniProt Knowledgebase (general protein annotations): https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/\u003cbr\u003e- NCBI Gene (general gene-level references): https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/\u003cbr\u003e--\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53069804798317,"sku":"PA2043","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53070290813293,"sku":"PA2043-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53070290846061,"sku":"PA2043-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53070290878829,"sku":"PA2043-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53070290911597,"sku":"PA2043-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53070290944365,"sku":"PA2043-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53070290977133,"sku":"PA2043-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53070291009901,"sku":"PA2043-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53070291042669,"sku":"PA2043-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53070291075437,"sku":"PA2043-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53070291108205,"sku":"PA2043-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53070291140973,"sku":"PA2043-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/pa2043-1-WB-anti-padi4-pad4-antibody.jpg?v=1772558446","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-padi4-pad4-antibody-picoband-bha21007259","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}