{"product_id":"anti-smad2-antibody-picoband-monoclonal-3c4-bha21003215","title":"Anti-SMAD2 Antibody Picoband® (monoclonal, 3C4)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnti-SMAD2 Antibody Picoband® (monoclonal, 3C4) is an antibody for SMAD2 detection raised in Mouse (Monoclonal, clone Clone: 3C4, Mouse IgG1), with reported reactivity: Human. Commonly used in WB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA workflows.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e SMAD2 (high mobility group box 1); UniProt: Q15796\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Mouse, Monoclonal, clone Clone: 3C4, Mouse IgG1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 55 kDa\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications:\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, Flow Cytometry, ELISA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVendor description (summary):\u003c\/strong\u003e Boster Bio Anti-SMAD2 Antibody Picoband® (monoclonal, 3C4) catalog # M00090-3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiological context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Multifunctional redox sensitive protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. In the nucleus is one of the major chromatin-associated non-histone proteins and acts as a DNA chaperone involved in replication, transcription, chromatin remodeling, V (D)J recombination, DNA repair and genome stability. Proposed to be an universal biosensor for nucleic acids. Promotes host inflammatory response to sterile and infectious signals and is involved in the coordination and integration of innate and adaptive immune responses. In the cytoplasm functions as sensor and\/or chaperone for immunogenic nucleic acids implicating the activation of TLR9-mediated immune responses, and mediates autophagy. Acts as danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury. Released to the extracellular environment can bind DNA, nucleosomes, IL-1 beta, CXCL12, AGER isoform 2\/sRAGE, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and activates cells through engagement of multiple surface receptors. In the extracellular compartment fully reduced HMGB1 (released by necrosis) acts as a chemokine, disulfide HMGB1 (actively secreted) as a cytokine, and sulfonyl HMGB1 (released from apoptotic cells) promotes immunological tolerance. Has proangiogdenic activity. May be involved in platelet activation. Binds to phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamide. Bound to RAGE mediates signaling for neuronal outgrowth. May play a role in accumulation of expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) proteins such as huntingtin (HTT) or TBP.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExpression and localization notes:\u003c\/strong\u003e cellular localization: Nucleus. Endosome. Secreted. Cell membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Extracellular side. Chromosome. Cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment., tissue context: Ubiquituous. Expressed in platelets..\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blotting (WB):\u003c\/strong\u003e Compare SMAD2 levels across samples and conditions using appropriate loading and biological controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry (IHC):\u003c\/strong\u003e Evaluate spatial distribution of SMAD2 in tissue sections, considering fixation and antigen retrieval effects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e Quantify SMAD2-positive populations in single-cell suspensions with appropriate gating and controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eELISA:\u003c\/strong\u003e Use antibody-based detection formats to assess antigen presence or binding in plate-based assays.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAccount for isoforms, post-translational modifications, and sample-specific processing that can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eUse positive\/negative biological controls where possible (e.g., known-expressing cells\/tissues, knockdown\/knockout models) and include appropriate secondary-only\/isotype controls for imaging workflows.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAdditional product notes (from provided fields)\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c\/strong\u003e Smad2 (Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2), also known as MADR2, MADH2, SMAD family member 2 or SMAD2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD2 gene. MAD homolog 2 belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. Eppert et al. mapped the MADR2 gene close to DPC4 at 18q21, a region which is frequently deleted in colorectal cancers. Riggins et al. mapped the human MADH2 gene to 18q21. Nakao et al. refined the localization of the SMAD2 gene to 18q21.1, approximately 3 Mb proximal to DPC4, by fluorescence in situ hybridization. SMAD2 mediates the signal of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and thus regulates multiple cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. This protein is recruited to the TGF-beta receptors through its interaction with the SMAD anchor for receptor activation (SARA) protein. In response to TGF-beta signal, this protein is phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptors.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCross reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCellular localization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Nucleus. Endosome. Secreted. Cell membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Extracellular side. Chromosome. Cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTissue details:\u003c\/strong\u003e Ubiquituous. Expressed in platelets.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eResearch category:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cadherins,Calcium Binding Proteins,Calcium Signaling,Cancer,Cell Adhesion,Cytoskeleton\/ECM,Invasion\/Microenvironment,Signal Transduction,Signaling Pathway\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt entry for Q15796: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprot\/Q15796 - Ensembl search (SMAD2): https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=SMAD2 - Human Protein Atlas search (SMAD2): https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\/search\/SMAD2 - PubMed search (SMAD2): https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=SMAD2 --\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53067740086637,"sku":"M00090-3","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53068189663597,"sku":"M00090-3-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53068189696365,"sku":"M00090-3-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53068189729133,"sku":"M00090-3-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53068189761901,"sku":"M00090-3-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53068189794669,"sku":"M00090-3-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53068189827437,"sku":"M00090-3-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53068189860205,"sku":"M00090-3-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53068189892973,"sku":"M00090-3-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53068189925741,"sku":"M00090-3-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53068189958509,"sku":"M00090-3-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53068189991277,"sku":"M00090-3-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/m00090-3-smad2-primary-antibodies-wb-testing-1.jpg?v=1772609780","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-smad2-antibody-picoband-monoclonal-3c4-bha21003215","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}