{"product_id":"anti-twf2-antibody-picoband-bha21005381","title":"Anti-TWF2 Antibody Picoband®","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnti-TWF2 Antibody Picoband® is an antibody reagent for detection of \u003cstrong\u003eTWF2\u003c\/strong\u003e (ATP synthase membrane subunit c locus 1,2,3). Researchers commonly use anti-TWF2 antibodies to measure relative expression and localization across biological samples, with assay selection guided by the listed applications (WB, IHC, IF, ICC, Flow, ELISA).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBoster Bio Anti-TWF2 Antibody Picoband® catalog # A09748-1. Tested in ELISA, IF, ICC, WB, Flow Cytometry applications. This antibody reacts with Human. The brand Picoband indicates this is a premium antibody that guarantees superior quality, high affinity, and strong signals with minimal background in Western blot applications. Only our best-performing antibodies are designated as Picoband, ensuring unmatched performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e TWF2 (ATP synthase membrane subunit c locus 1,2,3). Alternative names: ATP synthase F (0) complex subunit C1,2,3, mitochondrial; ATP synthase lipid-binding protein; ATP synthase membrane subunit c locus 1,2,3; ATP synthase proteolipid P1; ATP synthase proton-transporting mitochondrial F (0) complex subunit C1,2,3; ATPase protein 9; ATPase subunit c; ATP5MC1,2,3; ATP5G1,2,3\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal; Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies context:\u003c\/strong\u003e Host: Rabbit, Reactivity: Human\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurification:\u003c\/strong\u003e Immunogen affinity purified.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunogen:\u003c\/strong\u003e E.coli-derived human TWF2 recombinant protein (Position: L13-K327).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight context:\u003c\/strong\u003e observed 40 kDa, calculated 67169 MW (reported)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eProvided application(s):\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, IF, ICC, Flow, ELISA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese attributes help contextualize how the antibody is commonly selected (host\/clonality\/isotype\/label) and how signals are interpreted across sample types and assay formats.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunction:\u003c\/strong\u003e Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F1F0 ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F1 - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F0 - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F1 is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F0 domain. A homomeric c-ring of probably 10 subunits is part of the complex rotary element.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCellular localization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Mitochondrion membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTissue details:\u003c\/strong\u003e Highly expressed in thymus, uterus and testis. Detected at lower levels in brain, mammary gland, prostate, salivary gland and fetal spleen. In brain, highest expression in thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala. .\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c\/strong\u003e Twinfilin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TWF2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its interaction with the catalytic domain of protein kinase C-zeta. The encoded protein contains an actin-binding site and an ATP-binding site. It is most closely related to twinfilin (PTK9), a conserved actin monomer-binding protein.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCross reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e No cross-reactivity with other proteins.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eQuantitative and spatial profiling: expression patterns are increasingly studied across cell states using multiplex imaging and omics-informed validation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIsoforms and post-translational modifications: researchers often evaluate how isoform composition and PTMs can shift apparent molecular weight or localization.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContext-aware interpretation: comparative studies commonly include perturbations (stimulation, inhibition, genetic models) to relate target changes to pathway behavior.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blot (WB):\u003c\/strong\u003e compare relative target abundance and apparent size shifts (e.g., isoforms\/PTMs) across conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry (IHC):\u003c\/strong\u003e assess distribution across tissue compartments and compare staining patterns between groups.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunofluorescence \/ ICC:\u003c\/strong\u003e evaluate subcellular localization and co-localization with compartment markers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e quantify target-positive populations and compare shifts after stimulation or differentiation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcross these uses, researchers typically interpret changes in signal as relative differences between matched sample groups, considering sample preparation and biological context.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eApparent molecular weight can vary due to isoforms, proteolysis, glycosylation, phosphorylation, and sample preparation differences.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSpecies reactivity and epitope conservation can influence observed signal patterns, especially in cross-species studies.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eControl concepts: include appropriate negative controls (e.g., isotype controls where relevant) and, when feasible, genetic or orthogonal controls (KO\/KD, peptide competition, or independent assays) to support interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor antibody reagents, monoclonal antibodies are often chosen for epitope consistency across lots, while polyclonals may recognize multiple epitopes and can show different background characteristics depending on context.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt entry for TWF2 (Q6IBS0) — UniProt Consortium — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/Q6IBS0 - Ensembl gene summary for TWF2 — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org - HGNC gene symbol report for TWF2 — HGNC — https:\/\/www.genenames.org - Antibody validation concepts (general) — NIH\/NCBI resources — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov --\u003e","brand":"Boster Bio","offers":[{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Unconjugated","offer_id":53068629344621,"sku":"A09748-1","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Biotin","offer_id":53069159694701,"sku":"A09748-1-Biotin","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Cy3","offer_id":53069159727469,"sku":"A09748-1-Cy3","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro488","offer_id":53069159760237,"sku":"A09748-1-Fluoro488","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro550","offer_id":53069159793005,"sku":"A09748-1-Fluoro550","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro594","offer_id":53069159825773,"sku":"A09748-1-Fluoro594","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ FITC","offer_id":53069159858541,"sku":"A09748-1-FITC","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ HRP","offer_id":53069159891309,"sku":"A09748-1-HRP","price":570.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ APC","offer_id":53069159924077,"sku":"A09748-1-APC","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ PE","offer_id":53069159956845,"sku":"A09748-1-PE","price":820.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Fluoro647","offer_id":53069159989613,"sku":"A09748-1-Fluoro647","price":670.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug\/vial \/ Carrier Free","offer_id":53069160022381,"sku":"A09748-1-carrier-free","price":370.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/a09748-1-tef2-primary-antibodies-wb-testing-1.jpg?v=1772611606","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/anti-twf2-antibody-picoband-bha21005381","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}