{"product_id":"atg4d-antibody-bha17103181","title":"ATG4D Antibody","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG4D antibody supplied as a purified reagent for WB, IHC-P in Human, Mouse samples. This product is a polyclonal (rabbit origin) antibody (host: Rabbit; isotype: Rabbit Ig) intended for research use only. The target is commonly annotated with cytoplasmic localization context, which may inform staining patterns.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e   \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal (rabbit origin); host Rabbit; isotype Rabbit Ig.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFormat and purification:\u003c\/strong\u003e format: Purified; purity: Purified.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies reactivity (reported):\u003c\/strong\u003e Human, Mouse.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications (listed):\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC-P.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunogen \/ epitope context:\u003c\/strong\u003e A portion of amino acids 220-249 from the human protein was used as the immunogen for the ATG4D antibody..\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLocalization:\u003c\/strong\u003e Cytoplasmic (annotation-level guidance; cell state and isoforms can shift patterns).\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese attributes help you align the antibody with the biological question (target state, sample type, and readout) while keeping interpretation grounded in appropriate controls.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eATG4D is the intended antigen for this primary antibody. Reported biological context includes: Macroautophagy is the major inducible pathway for the general turnover of cytoplasmic constituents in eukaryotic cells, it is also responsible for the degradation of active cytoplasmic enzymes and organelles during nutrient starvation. Macroautophagy involves the formation of double-membrane bound autophagosomes which enclose the cytoplasmic constituent targeted for degradation in a membrane bound structure, which then fuse with the lysosome (or vacuole) releasing a single-membrane bound autophagic bodies which… Subcellular localization information (Cytoplasmic) can be useful when interpreting IF\/ICC patterns and selecting compartment-enriched lysates for WB.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e   \u003cli\u003eSpatial and single-cell approaches: imaging-based and cytometry workflows increasingly quantify heterogeneity and relocalization rather than only bulk abundance.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003eInteraction-centric biology: IP-based enrichment and proteomics are widely used to define complexes, binding partners, and context-specific interactomes.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e   \u003cli\u003eWestern blot (WB): compare relative abundance\/isoform patterns across conditions and sample types; band shifts may reflect processing or post-translational modification.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003eIHC-P: commonly used to measure relative target levels or localization changes in the context of the experimental question.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcross these readouts, differences in signal intensity, localization, or complex enrichment are typically interpreted alongside sample-matched controls and independent evidence to distinguish regulation from technical variation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e   \u003cli\u003eIsoforms, cleavage products, or post-translational modifications can alter apparent molecular weight and subcellular distribution; interpret bands and staining patterns in the context of expected biology and sample preparation.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003eSpecies differences and epitope conservation may affect binding; use matched positive controls and orthogonal evidence when comparing across organisms.\u003c\/li\u003e   \u003cli\u003eControl concepts: include appropriate isotype and secondary-only controls (for imaging), and consider genetic perturbations (knockout\/knockdown\/overexpression) or independent antibodies targeting distinct epitopes to strengthen conclusions.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpitope context is defined by the immunogen description; when available, align this with known domains, PTM sites, or family homology to anticipate potential cross-reactivity patterns. As a polyclonal antibody, recognition spans multiple epitopes, which can improve detection across conformations but may broaden background depending on sample context.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProtKB entry (Q86TL0) — UniProt Consortium — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/Q86TL0\/entry - NCBI Gene search (ATG4D) — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=ATG4D - Ensembl search (ATG4D) — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=ATG4D - PubMed search (ATG4D) — NLM — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=ATG4D - Reactome pathway search (ATG4D) — Reactome — https:\/\/reactome.org\/content\/query?q=ATG4D --\u003e","brand":"NSJ Bioreagents","offers":[{"title":"In 1X PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.09% sodium azide \/ 0.08 ml","offer_id":53043230015853,"sku":"F54717-0.08ML","price":205.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"In 1X PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.09% sodium azide \/ 0.4 ml","offer_id":53043643023725,"sku":"F54717-0.4ML","price":439.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/get_image_1ab9ffd9-de8f-421c-8bbc-1105b35afe70.jpg?v=1771934264","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/atg4d-antibody-bha17103181","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}