{"product_id":"dna-cytosine-5-methyltransferase-2-adenovirus-ad-dnmt2-bhv21600150","title":"DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 2 Adenovirus (Ad-DNMT2)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAd-DNMT2 is a replication-defective recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) expressing the DNMT2 gene under the CMV promoter. The vector backbone has E1 and E3 deleted, rendering it non-replicative and accommodating the transgene cassette.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBackbone:\u003c\/strong\u003e Human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) with E1 and E3 deleted (dE1\/E3). Replication-incompetent in standard cells; replication-competent helper cells (HEK293) are required for amplification.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePromoter (CMV):\u003c\/strong\u003e a strong, ubiquitous promoter active in most mammalian cell types.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTransgene:\u003c\/strong\u003e DNMT2.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTiter \u0026amp; format:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1×10\u003csup\u003e10\u003c\/sup\u003e PFU\/ml in storage buffer (DMEM, 2% BSA, 2.5% glycerol or equivalent), supplied as a 200 µL aliquot.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMethylation of DNA contributes to the regulation of gene transcription in eukaryotic systems. DNA methylation is predominantly found on cytosine residues that are present in dinucleotide motifs consisting of a 5′ cytosine followed by a guanosine (CpG), and it requires the enzymatic activity of the DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) enzymes, which include Dnmt1, 2, 3a, 3b and 3c. The methyl-CpG binding (MBD) proteins MBD1, MBD2, MBD3 and MBD4 and MeCP2, which are primarily expressed in somatic tissues, bind to methyl-CpG rich domains and mediate the transcriptional inhibition associated with DNA methylation. Clusters of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides, called CpG islands, also contribute to the modulation of gene expression by binding transcription factors. Human CpG binding protein (CGBP) is a widely expressed 88 kDa member of the CpG binding protein family that requires a CpG dinucleotide to bind unmethylated DNA, where it functions as a transcriptional activator.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecision-relevant for researchers studying Dnmt2.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdenovirus-mediated delivery is well-established in primary cells, organoids, and small-animal models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePathway activation studies in cell lines and primary cells.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGain-of-function phenotyping in disease-relevant cell models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRescue experiments paired with shRNA knockdown of the same target.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdenoviral delivery is episomal and non-integrating; expression dilutes with cell division and typically lasts 1–2 weeks in dividing cells (longer in non-dividing cells such as hepatocytes, neurons, and cardiomyocytes).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePre-existing anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies are common in human and primate hosts and can reduce in vivo transduction; this is less relevant in inbred laboratory mouse strains.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMOI optimization is essential — over-dosing can cause cytopathic effects; under-dosing yields incomplete transduction. A 3–5× MOI titration in your specific cell or animal model is recommended.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReplication-defective Ad5 vectors are typically handled at BSL-2; consult your institutional biosafety officer for specific transgenes and routes of use.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n  - NCBI Gene: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\n  - UniProt: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/\n  - Russell WC. Adenoviruses: update on structure and function. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:1–20.\n  - Alba R, Bosch A, Chillon M. Gutless adenovirus: last-generation adenovirus for gene therapy. Gene Ther 2005; 12 Suppl 1:S18–27.\n  - Vendor reference: https:\/\/www.vectorbiolabs.com\/product\/1453-dna-cytosine-5-methyltransferase-2-adenovirus\/\n--\u003e","brand":"Vector Biolabs","offers":[{"title":"1x10^10 PFU\/ml \/ 200 µL","offer_id":53286492537197,"sku":"1453","price":690.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/dna-cytosine-5-methyltransferase-2-adenovirus-ad-dnmt2-bhv21600150","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}