{"product_id":"haao-antibody-3-hydroxyanthranilate-3-4-dioxygenase-3hao-bha17130375","title":"HAAO Antibody \/ 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3, 4-dioxygenase \/ 3HAO","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHAAO Antibody \/ 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3, 4-dioxygenase \/ 3HAO is an antibody targeting \u003cstrong\u003eHAAO\u003c\/strong\u003e, raised in \u003cstrong\u003eRabbit\u003c\/strong\u003e for protein detection and localization studies where these specifications are required.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e HAAO (reported localization: Cytoplasm).\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal (rabbit origin); Rabbit IgG.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eConjugate\/label:\u003c\/strong\u003e Unconjugated (affects detection chemistry and multiplex compatibility).\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFormat:\u003c\/strong\u003e Antigen affinity purified.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Human, Rat.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eListed applications:\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IF, ELISA (refer to on-page specifications for application-specific guidance).\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e  \u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.6) is an enzyme encoded by the HAAO gene. 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase is a monomeric cytosolic protein belonging to the family of intramolecular dioxygenases containing nonheme ferrous iron. It is widely distributed in peripheral organs, such as liver and kidney, and is also present in low amounts in the central nervous system. HAAO catalyzes the synthesis of quinolinic acid (QUIN) from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. QUIN is an excitotoxin whose toxicity is mediated by its ability to activate glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Increased cerebral levels of QUIN may participate in the pathogenesis of neurologic and inflammatory disorders. HAAO has been suggested to play a role in disorders associated with altered tissue levels of QUIN.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eComparative expression profiling across cell types, tissues, or perturbations (e.g., drug treatment, genetic editing, or differentiation).\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSubcellular localization and trafficking studies, including co-localization with pathway markers in microscopy-based assays.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegration of protein-level measurements with transcriptomics or proteomics to relate abundance to regulation and phenotype.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eWestern blotting: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative\/positive controls for interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eImmunofluorescence: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative\/positive controls for interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eELISA: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative\/positive controls for interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpretation should account for antibody-dependent factors such as epitope accessibility, isoforms, and sample preparation differences across workflows.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIsoforms and PTMs:\u003c\/strong\u003e many targets have multiple isoforms and post-translational modifications that can shift apparent signal or localization; interpret bands\/signals accordingly.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEpitope context:\u003c\/strong\u003e binding can depend on protein conformation and sample processing; region information in the title\/immunogen can help anticipate what may be detected.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies differences:\u003c\/strong\u003e predicted or validated reactivity may vary by ortholog sequence and sample context; confirm in your model system.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eControl concepts:\u003c\/strong\u003e include negative controls (no-primary\/isotype), and where possible genetic controls (KO\/KD) or independent antibodies to strengthen conclusions.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProtKB entry P46952 — UniProt — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/P46952 - Gene search: HAAO — NCBI Gene — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=HAAO - Ensembl search: HAAO — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=HAAO - PubMed search: HAAO antibody — PubMed — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=HAAO+antibody - Reactome search: HAAO — Reactome — https:\/\/reactome.org\/content\/query?q=HAAO --\u003e","brand":"NSJ Bioreagents","offers":[{"title":"0.5mg\/ml if reconstituted with 0.2ml sterile DI water \/ 100 ug","offer_id":53046492365165,"sku":"RQ8821","price":449.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/get_image_6755fab6-4914-4d19-af74-734b90876c4f.jpg?v=1772000924","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/haao-antibody-3-hydroxyanthranilate-3-4-dioxygenase-3hao-bha17130375","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}