{"product_id":"hspa4-antibody-heat-shock-protein-family-a-member-4-bha17136268","title":"HSPA4 Antibody \/ Heat shock protein family A member 4","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eHSPA4 Antibody \/ Heat shock protein family A member 4 is a anti-HSPA4 Rabbit antibody Polyclonal (rabbit origin) supplied in Lyophilized format. Recommended for workflows such as Western blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Flow cytometry (FACS) with listed reactivity in Human, Mouse, Rat. Reported localization: Cytoplasm.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e HSPA4\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody details:\u003c\/strong\u003e Rabbit, Polyclonal (rabbit origin), isotype Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFormat:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilized\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications (as listed):\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, ICC, IF, FACS\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cdiv\u003eHSPA4 antibody detects Heat shock protein family A member 4, also known as HSP70-like protein 1, encoded by the HSPA4 gene on chromosome 5q31.1. HSPA4 is a molecular chaperone belonging to the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family, which assists in the folding, assembly, and degradation of nascent and stress-denatured proteins. It is expressed in most tissues, with particularly high levels in brain, liver, and testis, where protein quality control and stress recovery are essential. HSPA4 functions as a co-chaperone with HSP70 and HSP90 to maintain proteostasis under physiological and stress conditions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eStructurally, HSPA4 contains a conserved N-terminal ATPase domain and a C-terminal substrate-binding domain that interacts with unfolded polypeptides. It also includes a variable C-terminal tail that mediates interactions with co-chaperones and client proteins. HSPA4 belongs to the HSP110 subfamily of the HSP70 superfamily, which functions as a nucleotide exchange factor for other chaperones. Co-localization studies show HSPA4 in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, where it participates in heat shock response and protein degradation pathways.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFunctionally, HSPA4 promotes proper protein folding, prevents aggregation, and assists in refolding stress-denatured proteins. It also participates in chaperone-mediated autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, ensuring the clearance of damaged proteins. In neurons, HSPA4 supports synaptic protein stability and protects against aggregation-linked neurodegenerative processes. In germ cells, it contributes to spermatogenesis by stabilizing testis-specific proteins. Known interaction partners include HSP70, HSP90, BAG family co-chaperones, and CHIP (STUB1), which regulate client degradation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHSPA4 plays an important role in cellular defense against heat, oxidative stress, and proteotoxicity. It is upregulated in response to stress stimuli such as heat shock, ischemia, and toxin exposure. Dysregulation of HSPA4 expression has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases, infertility, and cancer. Overexpression enhances tumor survival by preventing apoptosis, while loss of function increases susceptibility to protein aggregation. Pathway associations include the heat shock response, protein refolding, and proteasomal degradation. During development, HSPA4 is expressed in proliferating and differentiating cells where protein folding demand is high.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e The HSPA4 antibody from\u003c\/div\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnecting protein-level changes to phenotype using orthogonal readouts (genetic perturbation, transcriptomics, imaging).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsidering isoforms and post-translational regulation when interpreting protein-level changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComparing results across species and model systems with matched controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blotting:\u003c\/strong\u003e compare relative abundance and activation-state changes across conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunofluorescence:\u003c\/strong\u003e visualize subcellular distribution and cell-to-cell heterogeneity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry:\u003c\/strong\u003e map target signal in tissue context and compare regions\/phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e quantify target-positive populations and signal shifts at single-cell resolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterpret changes in signal alongside appropriate controls and, when relevant, in parallel with total-protein or pathway readouts.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSignal can reflect expression level, isoform composition, and post-translational state; interpret results in the context of your model system and stimuli.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecies differences and sample matrices can influence epitope recognition; prioritize matched controls and orthogonal confirmation when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody notes:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes, which can broaden the epitope footprint and may increase sensitivity in some contexts.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt search — UniProt — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb?query=HSPA4 - NCBI Gene search — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=HSPA4 - Ensembl search — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=HSPA4 - Human Protein Atlas search — HPA — https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\/search\/HSPA4 - PubMed (review) — NLM — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=HSPA4+review --\u003e","brand":"NSJ Bioreagents","offers":[{"title":"Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ug\/ml \/ 100 ug","offer_id":53047323132269,"sku":"FY13366","price":449.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/get_image_73864f51-9171-4258-8748-b45376b1f48c.jpg?v=1782237106","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/hspa4-antibody-heat-shock-protein-family-a-member-4-bha17136268","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}