{"product_id":"jingzhaotoxin-xi-bhp21300242","title":"Jingzhaotoxin XI","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJingzhaotoxin XI\u003c\/strong\u003e is a research-grade protein\/peptide reagent used in research settings. It is commonly applied as a tool reagent related to \u003cstrong\u003eKV2.1 and NaV1.5 channels\u003c\/strong\u003e biology and\/or assay development. It is supplied in Lyophilized format to support flexible downstream use in RUO workflows. Researchers commonly pair it with applications such as Electrophysiology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e MW: 3726.3 Da, Formula: C158H234N44O47S7.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource \/ origin:\u003c\/strong\u003e Chilobrachys guangxiensis (Chinese earth tiger tarantula) (Chilobrachys jingzhao).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eQuality attributes:\u003c\/strong\u003e Purity: ≥98% (HPLC); Bioassay tested: Yes; Sterile \/ endotoxin-free: No.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003eModifications\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisulfide bonds between: Cys2- Cys16, Cys9- Cys21, Cys15- Cys28 Phe34 - C-terminal amidation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen used as a biochemical or pharmacological tool, results are best interpreted relative to the experimental system (species, expression level, and assay readout) and with appropriate negative and competition-style controls where relevant. This product is intended for research use only.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eJingzhaotoxin XI (JzTx-XI) is a 34-residue peptide toxin originally isolated from the Chinese tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao venoM Jingzhaotoxin XI toxin can potently inhibit both voltage-gated Na+ channel NaV1.5 with an IC50 value of 124 ± 26 nM and voltage-gated K+ channel KV2.1 with an IC50 value of 390 ± 60 nM1,2,3.The mature toxin contains six cysteine residues linked through disulfide bridges and a hydrophobic patch surrounded by charged residues such as Arg or Lys. Jingzhaotoxin XI is a useful tool for investigating the promiscuity of spider toxins2.JzTx-XI has confirmed activity at ion channels known to be important for pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin signaling, such as the delayed potassium rectifier channel (Kv2.1) and the voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV). The peptide is believed to adopt a characteristic inhibitor cysteine knot (ICK) structure as a result of the six cysteine residues present, which is considered to provide effective resistance against circulating enzymatic breakdown and increase therapeutic utility. JzTx-XI has been shown to increase intracellular calcium influx in beta-cells, although less effectively than Jingzhaotoxin IX (#STJ-300), without directly inducing beta-cell depolarization, as well as protect against cytokine-induced beta-cell apoptosis. Jingzhaotoxin XI has also been shown to augment exenatide-induced appetite suppressive actions and enhance the ability of exenatide to curb appetite in overnight fasted mice4.KV2.1 channels play an important role in neuronal systems including the neural retina. The channel's functions include regulation of neuronal excitability and neural transmitter release5.NaV1.5 channels are important in generating and propagating action potentials in excitable cells, in working myocardium and cardiac tissue conduction cells6.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUsing high-specificity ligands, toxins, and engineered peptides to dissect closely related receptor\/channel subtypes and signaling microdomains.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePairing labeled (e.g., fluorescent) proteins\/peptides with advanced imaging to map surface expression, trafficking, and nanoscale organization.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing emphasis on reproducibility through standardized characterization (identity, purity, and lot QC) and transparent reporting of reagent attributes.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eElectrophysiology: commonly used to compare signal, binding, or functional readouts across conditions without implying a specific protocol.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcross these use cases, changes in signal or functional readout are generally interpreted as evidence of differences in target abundance, accessibility, or engagement, but alternative explanations (matrix effects, off-target interactions, or assay artifacts) should be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAssay context matters: binding assays, functional modulation, and detection workflows can yield different readouts even for the same target system.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTarget complexity: closely related family members, splice variants, and post-translational modifications can influence apparent specificity and potency.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatrix and sample effects: buffer composition, detergents, and biological matrices may alter stability or apparent activity; interpret with appropriate controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl concepts: include negative controls and orthogonal validation (e.g., genetic perturbation or alternative reagents) to support robust interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB) — UniProt Consortium — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/ - NCBI Gene — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/ - NCBI Protein — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/protein\/ - PubChem — NIH\/NLM\/NCBI — https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/ - IUPHAR\/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — IUPHAR\/BPS — https:\/\/www.guidetopharmacology.org\/ - RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB) — RCSB PDB — https:\/\/www.rcsb.org\/ - NCBI Bookshelf — NIH\/NLM — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/ --\u003e","brand":"Alomone Labs","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53073020420461,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/ATJ-400_gr_662.gif?v=1772699889","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/jingzhaotoxin-xi-bhp21300242","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}