{"product_id":"med4-antibody-mediator-complex-subunit-4-bha17136210","title":"MED4 Antibody \/ Mediator complex subunit 4","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eMED4 Antibody \/ Mediator complex subunit 4 is a anti-MED4 Rabbit antibody Polyclonal (rabbit origin) supplied in Lyophilized format. Recommended for workflows such as Western blot (WB), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Flow cytometry (FACS), ELISA with listed reactivity in Human, Mouse, Rat. Reported localization: Nuclear.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTarget:\u003c\/strong\u003e MED4\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody details:\u003c\/strong\u003e Rabbit, Polyclonal (rabbit origin), isotype Rabbit IgG\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFormat:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilized\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eApplications (as listed):\u003c\/strong\u003e WB, IHC, ICC, IF, FACS, ELISA\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cdiv\u003eMED4 antibody recognizes Mediator complex subunit 4, a nuclear protein encoded by the MED4 gene located on chromosome 13q12.2. MED4 is a component of the multiprotein Mediator complex, which serves as an essential coactivator linking transcription factors to RNA polymerase II during gene transcription. The Mediator complex regulates nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes, integrating signals from diverse transcriptional activators and repressors to modulate gene expression. Structurally, MED4 is a small subunit localized in the head module of the Mediator complex, where it contributes to the stabilization of interactions between the Mediator and general transcription factors such as TFIIB and TFIIH.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMED4 antibody detects a protein that resides in the nucleus and is widely expressed across tissues, with particularly high expression in actively proliferating cells. MED4 functions as a structural component that helps assemble and maintain the integrity of the Mediator complex. The protein interacts with other Mediator subunits, including MED6, MED7, and MED8, to promote preinitiation complex formation and transcriptional activation. Through its participation in this multi-subunit assembly, MED4 indirectly influences processes such as cell cycle regulation, metabolic control, and differentiation.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFunctionally, MED4 acts as a coregulator for a variety of signaling pathways, including those mediated by nuclear hormone receptors, Myc, and p53. The Mediator complex serves as a bridge between enhancer-bound transcription factors and the basal transcriptional machinery, making MED4 indispensable for transcriptional initiation and elongation. Disruption of MED4 or other Mediator components can impair RNA synthesis and contribute to developmental defects or disease. Recent studies suggest that the Mediator complex, including MED4, may participate in transcriptional pausing and gene-specific regulation in response to environmental and stress cues.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMutations or copy number variations affecting the MED4 gene have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders and congenital anomalies, underscoring its role in transcriptional control during embryogenesis. Aberrant expression of MED4 has also been observed in various cancers, where altered Mediator activity promotes oncogenic transcriptional programs. Functional proteomics analyses show that MED4 participates in chromatin looping and enhancer-promoter communication, critical for high-fidelity transcriptional activation. Structurally, MED4's helical regions allow it to form coiled-coil interactions within the Mediator head domain, ensuring complex stability.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn disease contexts, dysregulated Mediator signaling has been associated with metabolic syndromes, inflammatory diseases, and tumor progression. MED4 expression correlates with proliferative gene signatures in certain cancers, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker of active transcriptional states. Because of its conserved function, MED4 serves as an essential reference subunit for Mediator complex studies across species.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eImmunohistochemical staining using MED4 antibody demonstrates nuclear localization in epithelial and neuronal tissues, consistent with its function in transcriptional regulation. MED4 antibody from\u003c\/div\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConnecting protein-level changes to phenotype using orthogonal readouts (genetic perturbation, transcriptomics, imaging).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsidering isoforms and post-translational regulation when interpreting protein-level changes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComparing results across species and model systems with matched controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWestern blotting:\u003c\/strong\u003e compare relative abundance and activation-state changes across conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunofluorescence:\u003c\/strong\u003e visualize subcellular distribution and cell-to-cell heterogeneity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunohistochemistry:\u003c\/strong\u003e map target signal in tissue context and compare regions\/phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFlow cytometry:\u003c\/strong\u003e quantify target-positive populations and signal shifts at single-cell resolution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eELISA:\u003c\/strong\u003e support antibody-based quantification in assay formats where applicable.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterpret changes in signal alongside appropriate controls and, when relevant, in parallel with total-protein or pathway readouts.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSignal can reflect expression level, isoform composition, and post-translational state; interpret results in the context of your model system and stimuli.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpecies differences and sample matrices can influence epitope recognition; prioritize matched controls and orthogonal confirmation when feasible.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAntibody notes:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes, which can broaden the epitope footprint and may increase sensitivity in some contexts.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt search — UniProt — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb?query=MED4 - NCBI Gene search — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=MED4 - Ensembl search — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=MED4 - Human Protein Atlas search — HPA — https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\/search\/MED4 - PubMed (review) — NLM — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=MED4+review --\u003e","brand":"NSJ Bioreagents","offers":[{"title":"Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 ug\/ml \/ 100 ug","offer_id":53047321526637,"sku":"FY13308","price":449.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/get_image_bdd30163-c903-4fc7-b230-23bbe38fd392.jpg?v=1782237079","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/med4-antibody-mediator-complex-subunit-4-bha17136210","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}