{"product_id":"phospho-pak1-pak2-pak3-s144-141-139-antibody-bha10540528","title":"Phospho-PAK1\/PAK2\/PAK3 (S144\/141\/139) Antibody","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is a polyclonal anti-PAK1\/PAK2\/PAK3 antibody raised in Rabbit, with confirmed utility in WB, IHC, ELISA. It is designed to detect PAK1\/PAK2\/PAK3 protein in Human, Mouse, Rat and supports researchers working in cell biology contexts where consistent antibody performance is required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunogen:\u003c\/strong\u003e Synthesized peptide derived from Human PAKα\/β\/γ around the phosphorylation site of S144\/141\/139. — the immunizing antigen determines the epitope region; confirm epitope compatibility with sample preparation and expected post-translational modifications.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHost species (Rabbit):\u003c\/strong\u003e Requires anti-rabbit-IgG secondary reagents. Use matched secondaries to avoid no-signal or cross-reactivity issues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePolyclonal format:\u003c\/strong\u003e Recognizes multiple epitopes, providing robust signal across varied preparations and species variants. Inherent lot-to-lot variability requires appropriate controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIsotype (IgG):\u003c\/strong\u003e Compatible with standard Protein A\/G purification and widely supported by secondary reagents. Include an isotype-matched control at equivalent concentration.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurification (Antigen affinity purification):\u003c\/strong\u003e Enriches for specific immunoglobulin classes, reducing non-specific populations and improving signal-to-noise.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePAK1\/PAK2\/PAK3\u003c\/strong\u003e (also referred to as PAK1, Serine\/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1, Alpha-PAK, p21-activated kinase 1, PAK-1, p65-PAK, PAK2, Serine\/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2, Gamma-PAK, PAK65, S6\/H4 kinase, p21-activated kinase 2, PAK-2, p58, PAK3, OPHN3, Serine\/threonine-p) is a protein target studied in Human systems. Expression levels, subcellular localization, and post-translational modifications vary across cell types, tissues, and disease states — factors that influence antibody-based detection and experimental design. Consult UniProt, NCBI Gene, and primary literature for current annotation of PAK1\/PAK2\/PAK3 biology, including known isoforms, interactors, and disease-relevant expression patterns in cell biology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWB:\u003c\/strong\u003e Western blot confirms target molecular weight and distinguishes isoforms under denaturing conditions. Expected band size should align with reported MW.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIHC:\u003c\/strong\u003e IHC visualizes target in FFPE or frozen tissue sections. Optimize antigen retrieval method and secondary detection for each tissue type.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eELISA:\u003c\/strong\u003e Sandwich or indirect ELISA can quantify soluble target in biological fluids or culture supernatants. Ensure samples fall within the linear detection range.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIsotype controls:\u003c\/strong\u003e Use an isotype-matched (IgG from Rabbit) control at equivalent concentration to assess non-specific background.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCross-reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Polyclonal preparations may cross-react with related proteins or isoforms. Orthogonal validation (siRNA, KO lysate, recombinant protein) is recommended to confirm signal specificity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMatrix effects:\u003c\/strong\u003e Sample matrix (serum, plasma, lysate, homogenate) can affect performance. Pilot dilution linearity and spike-recovery experiments are recommended for quantitative studies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpecies reactivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Confirmed for Human, Mouse, Rat. Extrapolation to untested species requires empirical validation given potential epitope sequence divergence.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis product is a polyclonal antibody purified from rabbit antiserum.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- UniProt: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\n- NCBI Gene: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\n- Cusabio datasheet: https:\/\/www.cusabio.com\n- Human Protein Atlas: https:\/\/www.proteinatlas.org\n- PubMed: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\n--\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"50 ug","offer_id":53245870145901,"sku":"CSB-PA020210-50UG","price":122.57,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug","offer_id":53245960716653,"sku":"CSB-PA020210-100UG","price":204.97,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/Cusabio_Antibody_Placeholder_ccb0cf64-1b07-45d7-b152-0984cedc404f.jpg?v=1784927325","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/phospho-pak1-pak2-pak3-s144-141-139-antibody-bha10540528","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}