{"product_id":"rat-vitamin-a-va-elisa-kit-bhe13700170","title":"Rat Vitamin A (VA) ELISA Kit","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFeatures \u0026amp; Benefits\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRat Vitamin A (VA) ELISA Kit has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Rat VA. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Rat VA and analogues was observed.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eVitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene). Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision.Vitamin A is needed by the retina of the eye in the form of retinal, which combines with protein opsin to form rhodopsin, the light-absorbing molecule necessary for both low-light (scotopic vision) and color vision. Vitamin A also functions in a very different role as retinoic acid (an irreversibly oxidized form of retinol), which is an important hormone-like growth factor for epithelial and other cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn foods of animal origin, the major form of vitamin A is an ester, primarily retinyl palmitate, which is converted to retinol (chemically an alcohol) in the small intestine. The retinol form functions as a storage form of the vitamin, and can be converted to and from its visually active aldehyde form, retinal.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAll forms of vitamin A have a beta-ionone ring to which an isoprenoid chain is attached, called a retinyl group. Both structural features are essential for vitamin activity.The orange pigment of carrots (beta-carotene) can be represented as two connected retinyl groups, which are used in the body to contribute to vitamin A levels. Alpha-carotene and gamma-carotene also have a single retinyl group, which give them some vitamin activity. None of the other carotenes have vitamin activity. The carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin possesses an ionone group and has vitamin activity in humans.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eVitamin A can be found in two principal forms in foods:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRetinol, the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance. Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester. It is also commercially produced and administered as esters such as retinyl acetate or palmitate.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe carotenes alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene; and the xanthophyll beta-cryptoxanthin (all of which contain beta-ionone rings), but no other carotenoids, function as provitamin A in herbivores and omnivore animals, which possess the enzyme beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase which cleaves beta-carotene in the intestinal mucosa and converts it to retinol.[9] In general, carnivores are poor converters of ionone-containing carotenoids, and pure carnivores such as cats and ferrets lack beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase and cannot convert any carotenoids to retinal (resulting in none of the carotenoids being forms of vitamin A for these species).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd.","offers":[{"title":"48 T","offer_id":53338581303661,"sku":"KTE100020-48T","price":359.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T","offer_id":53338664698221,"sku":"KTE100020-96T","price":619.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×5","offer_id":53338664730989,"sku":"KTE100020-96TX5","price":2809.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"96 T×50","offer_id":53338664763757,"sku":"KTE100020-96TX50","price":26209.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/KTE100020.png?v=1778954613","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/rat-vitamin-a-va-elisa-kit-bhe13700170","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}