{"product_id":"recombinant-human-bdnf-prodomain-val66met-protein-bhp21300019","title":"Recombinant human BDNF proDomain (Val66Met) protein","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRecombinant human BDNF proDomain (Val66Met) protein\u003c\/strong\u003e is a research-grade protein\/peptide reagent used in research settings. It is supplied in Lyophilized format to support flexible downstream use in RUO workflows.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular identity:\u003c\/strong\u003e MW: 12.4 kDa, Formula: C538H866N154O172S6.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource \/ origin:\u003c\/strong\u003e Recombinant, E. coli.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eQuality attributes:\u003c\/strong\u003e Purity: ≥98% (HPLC); Bioassay tested: No; Sterile \/ endotoxin-free: No.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen used as a biochemical or pharmacological tool, results are best interpreted relative to the experimental system (species, expression level, and assay readout) and with appropriate negative and competition-style controls where relevant. This product is intended for research use only.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor that binds p75NTR as well as TrkB receptors1,2. BDNF supports the survival of many cell types3-8 and also modulates hippocampal plasticity and hippocampal-dependent memory in cell models and in animals9.The BDNF gene, like other peptide growth factor genes, encodes a precursor peptide (proBDNF), which is proteolytically cleaved to form the mature protein10. proBDNF has been shown to be a pro-apoptotic ligand for sympathetic neurons expressing both p75NTR and sortilin11, and to be involved in the long-term potentiation (LTP) stage of the memory-related modifications in synaptic transmission12.A nonconservative single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the human BDNF gene has been identified at nucleotide 196 (G\/A) producing an amino acid substitution (Valine to Methionine) at codon 66 (Val66Met, rs 6265). Although located in the 5' proBDNF region, this SNP results in striking deficits in the cellular distribution and regulated secretion of the mature protein and hence in corresponding alterations of human hippocampal function and episodic memory in vivo9.Egan MF. et al demonstrated the molecular mechanisms that control activity-dependent BDNF secretion and showed that depolarization-dependent secretion of BDNF in hippocampal neurons is significantly impaired when this Val66Met SNP occurs. Using double-staining techniques, they demonstrated that Val-BDNF-containing secretory granules are colocalized with synaptophysin, a marker for synapses. In contrast, Val66Met-BDNF aggregates are accumulated in the cell body and rarely colocalize with synaptophysin. This suggests that even if it can be secreted in small amounts near the cell body through the constitutive pathway, the Met-BDNF protein cannot be secreted at synapses9. Studies of heterozygote BDNF knockout rodents, who presumably have intermediate BDNF levels, demonstrate clear physiological13 and behavioral14 abnormalities, suggesting that secretion levels are critical.Multiple studies over recent decades in humans, in vivo in animal models and in vitro found an association between the Val66Met polymorphism and bipolar and unipolar disorders15, Schizophrenia16,17, anxiety-related behavior18,19 and a controversial association with ADHD20,21.The data that emerged from the analyses of the Val66Met phenotype in various syndromes and diseases highlight the importance of the pro-region of the BDNF polypeptide, particularly Valine66 and perhaps the nearby sequence, in intracellular trafficking and secretion of BDNF.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUsing high-specificity ligands, toxins, and engineered peptides to dissect closely related receptor\/channel subtypes and signaling microdomains.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePairing labeled (e.g., fluorescent) proteins\/peptides with advanced imaging to map surface expression, trafficking, and nanoscale organization.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing emphasis on reproducibility through standardized characterization (identity, purity, and lot QC) and transparent reporting of reagent attributes.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAssay development and optimization: used as a reference material or tool reagent in RUO workflows.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReagent validation: supports conceptual controls such as competition\/neutralization, when relevant.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcross these use cases, changes in signal or functional readout are generally interpreted as evidence of differences in target abundance, accessibility, or engagement, but alternative explanations (matrix effects, off-target interactions, or assay artifacts) should be considered.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAssay context matters: binding assays, functional modulation, and detection workflows can yield different readouts even for the same target system.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMatrix and sample effects: buffer composition, detergents, and biological matrices may alter stability or apparent activity; interpret with appropriate controls.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eControl concepts: include negative controls and orthogonal validation (e.g., genetic perturbation or alternative reagents) to support robust interpretation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB) — UniProt Consortium — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/ - NCBI Gene — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/ - NCBI Protein — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/protein\/ - PubChem — NIH\/NLM\/NCBI — https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/ - IUPHAR\/BPS Guide to Pharmacology — IUPHAR\/BPS — https:\/\/www.guidetopharmacology.org\/ - RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB) — RCSB PDB — https:\/\/www.rcsb.org\/ - NCBI Bookshelf — NIH\/NLM — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/ --\u003e","brand":"Alomone Labs","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53073012851053,"sku":null,"price":0.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/B-445_str_222.gif?v=1772699880","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/recombinant-human-bdnf-prodomain-val66met-protein-bhp21300019","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}