{"product_id":"recombinant-human-claudin-18-2-cldn18-2-vlps-active-bhp10509475","title":"Recombinant Human Claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2)-VLPs (Active)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis product consists of virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying Human Claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2)-VLPs (Active) derived from Homo sapiens (Human). VLP-based presentation can help maintain membrane topology and conformational epitopes for multi-pass proteins, supporting reagent development and binding-focused research. This material is supplied for research use only (RUO).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpressed region:\u003c\/strong\u003e Amino acids 1–261 (261 aa) from the annotated sequence. Region choice can affect folding, solubility, and which epitopes are represented.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTransmembrane architecture:\u003c\/strong\u003e Annotated as 4TM. Predicted topology influences detergent\/lipid dependence, epitope accessibility (extracellular vs cytosolic loops), and how results translate to full-length proteins in membranes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpression system:\u003c\/strong\u003e Mammalian cell. Mammalian expression can support more native-like folding and post-translational modifications for complex membrane proteins, which may be important for conformation-sensitive binding studies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSource species:\u003c\/strong\u003e Homo sapiens (Human). Ortholog differences can affect epitope conservation and functional interpretation across model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eReference accession:\u003c\/strong\u003e UniProt P56856-2. Curated annotations and sequence features in public databases can help interpret domains, motifs, and known isoforms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMembrane proteins can be challenging analytes because conformation and interactions depend on the surrounding membrane environment. When using a recombinant region rather than a native membrane preparation, interpret binding and activity-oriented data in light of the construct boundaries, predicted topology, and expression host.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman Claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2)-VLPs (Active) is a membrane-associated protein from Homo sapiens. Many membrane proteins participate in transport, signaling, cell–cell interactions, or host–pathogen processes. For less-characterized entries, curated database annotations (e.g., UniProt) and domain predictions provide useful starting points for hypothesis generation. Also reported as: CLDN18.2.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntegrating domain prediction, topology mapping, and comparative genomics to refine functional hypotheses for membrane proteins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsing structural and biophysical methods (including stabilized constructs and membrane mimetics) to probe conformation and interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApplying single-cell and spatial omics to understand when and where membrane proteins are expressed and how that links to phenotype.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAntigen production for antibody generation, epitope mapping, or binder screening against defined regions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBiochemical interaction studies (protein–protein or protein–lipid) that inform pathway placement and mechanism.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComparative studies of orthologs\/variants to explore conserved motifs and potential functional differences.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen interpreting signals from binding or detection assays, changes may reflect altered abundance, localization, or accessibility of the targeted region rather than changes in intrinsic activity. Pairing recombinant-protein results with cellular context (e.g., overexpression\/knockdown comparisons or orthogonal readouts) can strengthen conclusions without relying on any single assay format.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIsoforms, sequence variants, and proteolytic processing can change which extracellular or cytosolic regions are present and therefore which epitopes are detected.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePost-translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation, disulfide bonding) and the membrane environment can influence conformation and binding; this can differ by expression system and sample type.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse appropriate negative\/positive control concepts (e.g., knockout\/knockdown or overexpression controls, orthogonal antibodies\/assays, and matched species\/ortholog controls) to support specificity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVLP display considerations:\u003c\/strong\u003e VLP-based presentation can enrich for native-like membrane topology, but accessibility of specific loops\/epitopes can still vary with particle composition and protein orientation. Interpreting binding data benefits from using multiple controls and orthogonal readouts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n- UniProtKB entry for Human Claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2)-VLPs (Active) (P56856-2) — UniProt — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/P56856-2\/entry\n- NCBI Gene search: CLDN18.2 Homo sapiens — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=CLDN18.2%20Homo%20sapiens\n- PubMed search: CLDN18.2 review — NIH\/NLM — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=CLDN18.2%20review\n- InterPro search: CLDN18.2 — EMBL-EBI — https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/interpro\/search\/text\/CLDN18.2\/\n- Ensembl Gene Summary: CLDN18.2 (Homo_sapiens) — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Homo_sapiens\/Gene\/Summary?g=CLDN18.2\n- InterPro topic search: transmembrane protein — EMBL-EBI — https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/interpro\/search\/text\/transmembrane%20protein\/\n- PubMed search: membrane protein expression in E. coli review — NIH\/NLM — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=membrane%20protein%20expression%20E.%20coli%20review\n- PubMed search: virus-like particles membrane protein display review — NIH\/NLM — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=virus-like%20particles%20membrane%20protein%20display%20review\n--\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHONOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"1 mg","offer_id":53207327834477,"sku":"CSB-MP005498HU(A5)-1MG","price":4940.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug","offer_id":53320595505517,"sku":"CSB-MP005498HU(A5)-100UG","price":930.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 ug","offer_id":53320595538285,"sku":"CSB-MP005498HU(A5)-20UG","price":456.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/recombinant-human-claudin-18-2-cldn18-2-vlps-active-bhp10509475","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}