{"product_id":"recombinant-human-free-fatty-acid-receptor-3-ffar3-partial-bhp10509810","title":"Recombinant Human Free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), partial","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecombinant Human Free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), partial is a recombinant protein reagent derived from Homo sapiens (Human) and produced in E.coli. It is commonly used to support Cardiovascular research by enabling binding assays, assay development and protein–protein interaction studies in controlled in vitro settings.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpressed region:\u003c\/strong\u003e 280-346aa. Region selection can focus on functional domains, improve solubility, or isolate interaction surfaces for targeted studies.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpression system:\u003c\/strong\u003e E.coli. Expression host can influence folding and the presence\/absence of post-translational modifications.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTag \/ fusion:\u003c\/strong\u003e N-terminal 6xHis-GST-tagged. Tags can support purification and detection; evaluate potential tag effects when studying sensitive interactions.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular weight (reported):\u003c\/strong\u003e 39.0 kDa. Apparent size may vary with tags, processing, and gel conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen comparing results across batches or platforms, interpret signals in the context of construct design (region, tags) and expression host, especially for modification-dependent interactions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe gene commonly associated with this target is \u003cstrong\u003eFFAR3\u003c\/strong\u003e. FFAR3 refers to a protein target that is studied across multiple biological contexts; annotations and nomenclature can vary by species and isoform. This product corresponds to the Homo sapiens (Human) sequence context, which can be important when comparing homologs or orthologs across model systems. For curated functional annotations, domains, and sequence features, consult primary databases (e.g., UniProt\/NCBI) and the recent literature for the specific organism and isoform.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUsing recombinant proteins to enable quantitative binding measurements and reagent benchmarking.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eStudying domain- and isoform-specific effects in pathway models and interaction networks.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDeveloping robust, reproducible assays that connect molecular readouts to cellular phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelevance:\u003c\/strong\u003e G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin-sensitive, G(i\/o)-alpha family of G proteins. Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3\/ERK1 and MAPK1\/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation. Activated by SCFAs and by beta-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body produced by the liver upon starvation, it inhibits N-type calcium channels and modulates the activity of sympathetic neurons through a signaling cascade involving the beta and gamma subunits of its coupled G protein, phospholipase C and MAP kinases. Thereby, it may regulate energy expenditure through the control of the sympathetic nervous system that controls for instance heart rate. Upon activation by SCFAs accumulating in the intestine, it may also signal to the brain via neural circuits which in turn would regulate intestinal gluconeogenesis. May also control the production of hormones involved in whole-body energy homeostasis. May for instance, regulate blood pressure through renin secretion. May also regulate secretion of the PYY peptide by enteroendocrine cells and control gut motility, intestinal transit rate, and the harvesting of energy from SCFAs produced by gut microbiota. May also indirectly regulate the production of LEP\/Leptin, a hormone acting on the CNS to inhibit food intake, in response to the presence of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. Finally, may also play a role in glucose homeostasis. Besides its role in energy homeostasis, may play a role in intestinal immunity. May mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune response by SCFAs in the gut, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines by intestinal epithelial cells. Among SCFAs, the fatty acids containing less than 6 carbons, the most potent activators are probably propionate, butyrate and pentanoate while acetate is a poor activator.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAssay and standard development for immunoassays or binding-based detection methods.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProtein–protein interaction studies (e.g., receptor–ligand or complex assembly) using purified components.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eStructure–function analysis, including domain mapping or evaluation of sequence variants.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn quantitative assay development, changes in binding or activity readouts are typically interpreted relative to appropriate negative\/positive controls and, where possible, orthogonal assay formats that support the same conclusion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eRecombinant constructs may represent a defined region (domain) rather than the full-length protein; interpret results in the context of the expressed region.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTag or fusion elements can aid purification and detection but may influence binding surfaces or oligomerization; consider tag controls when relevant.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSpecies and isoform differences can affect interaction partners and post-translational modifications; align experimental controls to the intended biological context.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eE. coli expression can limit eukaryotic post-translational modifications; for modification-dependent biology, interpret results accordingly.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProtKB entry for O14843 — UniProt — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/O14843\/entry - NCBI Gene search (FFAR3) — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=FFAR3 - PubMed search (FFAR3) — NCBI — https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=FFAR3 - RCSB PDB search (FFAR3) — RCSB PDB — https:\/\/www.rcsb.org\/search?query=FFAR3 - Reactome Pathway Browser — Reactome — https:\/\/reactome.org\/ --\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"1 mg","offer_id":53065300312429,"sku":"CSB-EP008606HU1-1MG","price":2466.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug","offer_id":53065451798893,"sku":"CSB-EP008606HU1-100UG","price":729.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 ug","offer_id":53065451831661,"sku":"CSB-EP008606HU1-20UG","price":388.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-EP008606HU1-SDS.jpg?v=1772476499","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/recombinant-human-free-fatty-acid-receptor-3-ffar3-partial-bhp10509810","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}