{"product_id":"recombinant-human-protein-arginine-deiminase-type-4-padi4-bhp10515303","title":"Recombinant Human\nProtein-arginine deiminase type-4 (PADI4)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRecombinant Human Protein-arginine deiminase type-4 (PADI4) is a recombinant protein preparation derived from Homo sapiens (Human). It is commonly used as a defined reagent for assay development, binding studies, and analytical controls where consistent protein specifications are required.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpressed region:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1-663aa.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpression system:\u003c\/strong\u003e Mammalian cell (may influence folding and post-translational modifications).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTag\/format:\u003c\/strong\u003e C-terminal 10xHis-tagged; Liquid or Lyophilized powder.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpected size:\u003c\/strong\u003e 75.6 kDa (as provided).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eRegion choice, expression system, and tag\/format can influence folding, post-translational modifications, and interaction behavior in downstream assays.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eCatalyzes the citrullination\/deimination of arginine residues of proteins such as histones, thereby playing a key role in histone code and regulation of stem cell maintenance. Citrullinates histone H1 at 'Arg-54' (to form H1R54ci), histone H3 at 'Arg-2', 'Arg-8', 'Arg-17' and\/or 'Arg-26' (to form H3R2ci, H3R8ci, H3R17ci, H3R26ci, respectively) and histone H4 at 'Arg-3' (to form H4R3ci). Acts as a key regulator of stem cell maintenance by mediating citrullination of histone H1: citrullination of 'Arg-54' of histone H1 (H1R54ci) results in H1 displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance. Promotes profound chromatin decondensation during the innate immune response to infection in neutrophils by mediating formation of H1R54ci. Required for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation. Citrullination of histone H3 prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2\/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300\/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2\/GRIP1.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDomain- and isoform-aware assay design to improve biological interpretation across model systems.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantitative workflows emphasizing calibration standards, spike-in controls, and cross-lot comparability.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn vitro binding\/kinetics profiling (SPR\/BLI) to connect biochemical interactions with cellular phenotypes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrepare aliquots of PADI4 for reproducible in vitro assays (minimize freeze–thaw).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse PADI4 as a calibration standard in quantitative assays (standard curve setup).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasure binding interactions to PADI4 by SPR\/BLI (kinetic profiling in vitro).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerate antibodies to PADI4 and benchmark specificity in ELISA\/WB (control samples).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eInterpret results in the context of the biological system, assay format, and any known domain\/isoform constraints for the target.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsider species- and isoform-specific differences when comparing results across models or homologs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor quantitative assays, include appropriate negative controls and matrix-matched spike-in concepts to assess non-specific signal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProtKB entry (Q9UM07) — UniProt: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/Q9UM07 - NCBI Gene search (PADI4) — NCBI: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=PADI4 - PubMed search — NLM: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/?term=PADI4 - Reactome pathway browser — Reactome: https:\/\/reactome.org\/ - InterPro protein family resource — EMBL-EBI: https:\/\/www.ebi.ac.uk\/interpro\/ --\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"1 mg","offer_id":53059284599149,"sku":"CSB-MP890757HU-1MG","price":3168.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug","offer_id":53059416392045,"sku":"CSB-MP890757HU-100UG","price":448.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 ug","offer_id":53059416424813,"sku":"CSB-MP890757HU-20UG","price":256.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-MP890757HU-SDS.jpg?v=1772280327","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/recombinant-human-protein-arginine-deiminase-type-4-padi4-bhp10515303","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}