{"product_id":"recombinant-rat-transforming-growth-factor-beta-1-proprotein-tgfb1-partial-bhp10506990","title":"Recombinant Rat Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (Tgfb1), partial","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis Recombinant Protein provides recombinant \u003cstrong\u003eTgfb1\u003c\/strong\u003e from Rattus norvegicus (Rat), produced in Baculovirus (region 30-278aa). It is commonly used as a defined reagent for assay development, binding studies, and mechanistic research (RUO).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eRegion:\u003c\/strong\u003e 30-278aa (domain boundaries can affect binding\/activity readouts).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExpression host:\u003c\/strong\u003e Baculovirus (may differ from native PTMs\/processing).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTag(s):\u003c\/strong\u003e His (supports purification\/detection; consider tag effects in controls).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlso reported as LAP (TGF-beta-1). Transforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration . Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide and Transforming growth factor beta-1 chains remain non-covalently linked rendering TGF-beta-1 inactive during storage in extracellular matrix . At the same time, LAP chain interacts with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1, LRRC32\/GARP and LRRC33\/NRROS that control activation of TGF-beta-1 and maintain it in a latent state during storage in extracellular milieus. TGF-beta-1 is released from LAP by integrins : integrin-binding to LAP stabilizes an alternative conformation of the LAP bowtie tail and results in distortion of the LAP chain and subsequent release of the active TGF-beta-1 . Once activated following release of LAP, TGF-beta-1 acts by binding to TGF-beta receptors , which transduce signal . While expressed by many cells types, TGF-beta-1 only has a very localized range of action within cell environment thanks to fine regulation of its activation by Latency-associated peptide chain and 'milieu molecules' . Plays an important role in bone remodeling: acts as a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts . Can promote either T-helper 17 cells or regulatory T-cells lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner . At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development . At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells . Stimulates sustained production of collagen through the activation of CREB3L1 by regulated intramembrane proteolysis . Mediates SMAD2\/3 activation by inducing its phosphorylation and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell migration in various cell types .\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuantitative mapping of ligand\/receptor signaling to downstream phospho- and transcriptional programs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse of recombinant standards to improve assay calibration and cross-study comparability.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cp\u003eTransforming growth factor beta-1: Multifunctional protein that regulates the growth and differentiation of various cell types and is involved in various processes, such as normal development, immune function, microglia function and responses to neurodegeneration . Activation into mature form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide and Transforming growth factor beta-1 chains remain non-covalently linked rendering TGF-beta-1 inactive during storage in extracellular matrix . At the same time, LAP chain interacts with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1, LRRC32\/GARP and LRRC33\/NRROS that control activation of TGF-beta-1 and maintain it in a latent state during storage in extracellular milieus. TGF-beta-1 is released from LAP by integrins : integrin-binding to LAP stabilizes an alternative conformation of the LAP bowtie tail and results in distortion of the LAP chain and subsequent release of the active TGF-beta-1 . Once activated following release of LAP, TGF-beta-1 acts by binding to TGF-beta receptors , which transduce signal . While expressed by many cells types, TGF-beta-1 only has a very localized range of action within cell environment thanks to fine regulation of its activation by Latency-associated peptide chain and 'milieu molecules' . Plays an important role in bone remodeling: acts as a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts . Can promote either T-helper 17 cells or regulatory T-cells lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner . At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development . At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells . Stimulates sustained production of collagen through the activation of CREB3L1 by regulated intramembrane proteolysis . Mediates SMAD2\/3 activation by inducing its phosphorylation and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell migration in various cell types .\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStandard curve or spike-in reference for quantitative assays involving Tgfb1\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBinding interaction studies (e.g., SPR\/BLI or plate-based binding formats)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCell-based stimulation studies with downstream marker readouts (conceptual)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRecombinant constructs may not capture all native isoforms or PTMs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eConsider tag- or host-related effects when interpreting binding or activity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse appropriate blanks and matrix\/control concepts to separate signal from background.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal): - UniProtKB P17246 — UniProt — https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/uniprotkb\/P17246 - NCBI Gene search: Tgfb1 — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\/?term=Tgfb1 - Ensembl search: Tgfb1 — Ensembl — https:\/\/www.ensembl.org\/Multi\/Search\/Results?q=Tgfb1 - Reactome Pathway Browser — Reactome — https:\/\/reactome.org\/ - NCBI Bookshelf — NCBI — https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/ --\u003e","brand":"CUSABIO TECHNOLOGY LLC","offers":[{"title":"1 mg","offer_id":53053399695725,"sku":"CSB-BP023446RA-1MG","price":3278.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 ug","offer_id":53053520609645,"sku":"CSB-BP023446RA-100UG","price":1478.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 ug","offer_id":53053520642413,"sku":"CSB-BP023446RA-20UG","price":528.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0949\/7424\/7277\/files\/CSB-BP023446RA-SDS.jpg?v=1772177624","url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/recombinant-rat-transforming-growth-factor-beta-1-proprotein-tgfb1-partial-bhp10506990","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}