{"product_id":"tumor-necrosis-factor-ligand-superfamily-member-10-adenovirus-ad-trail-bhv21600129","title":"Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10 Adenovirus (Ad-TRAIL)","description":"\u003ch2\u003eOverview\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eAd-TRAIL is a replication-defective recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) expressing the TRAIL gene under the CMV promoter. The vector backbone has E1 and E3 deleted, rendering it non-replicative and accommodating the transgene cassette.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eKey elements and design rationale\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBackbone:\u003c\/strong\u003e Human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) with E1 and E3 deleted (dE1\/E3). Replication-incompetent in standard cells; replication-competent helper cells (HEK293) are required for amplification.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePromoter (CMV):\u003c\/strong\u003e a strong, ubiquitous promoter active in most mammalian cell types.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTransgene:\u003c\/strong\u003e TRAIL.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTiter \u0026amp; format:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1×10\u003csup\u003e10\u003c\/sup\u003e PFU\/ml in storage buffer (DMEM, 2% BSA, 2.5% glycerol or equivalent), supplied as a 200 µL aliquot.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eBiological background\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eProgrammed cell death, known as apoptosis, of nonessential cells is necessary for embryogenesis, metamorphosis, tissue turnover and proper development and function of the immune system. Apoptosis causes cytoplasmic condensation, nuclear fragmentation and membrane blebbing. There are several proteins that are responsible for the balance of signals that confer cell death and\/or cell survival. Among these are the proteins of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily, which includes FAS (APO-1, CD95), FAS ligand (APO-1L, CD178), TRAIL and TWEAK (APO3L) and the FAS accessory protein FAF1 (FAS-associated protein factor-1).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResearch relevance and current trends\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUsed in oncology research to model gain-of-function or loss-of-function alterations in tumor-relevant pathways.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdenoviral delivery enables high-efficiency transduction of cancer cell lines and primary tumor cells.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecision-relevant for researchers studying Death Receptors.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdenovirus-mediated delivery is well-established in primary cells, organoids, and small-animal models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCommon research applications\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePathway activation studies in cell lines and primary cells.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGain-of-function phenotyping in disease-relevant cell models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRescue experiments paired with shRNA knockdown of the same target.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003ch2\u003eNotes for experimental interpretation\u003c\/h2\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdenoviral delivery is episomal and non-integrating; expression dilutes with cell division and typically lasts 1–2 weeks in dividing cells (longer in non-dividing cells such as hepatocytes, neurons, and cardiomyocytes).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePre-existing anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies are common in human and primate hosts and can reduce in vivo transduction; this is less relevant in inbred laboratory mouse strains.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMOI optimization is essential — over-dosing can cause cytopathic effects; under-dosing yields incomplete transduction. A 3–5× MOI titration in your specific cell or animal model is recommended.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReplication-defective Ad5 vectors are typically handled at BSL-2; consult your institutional biosafety officer for specific transgenes and routes of use.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c!-- Sources (internal):\n  - NCBI Gene: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/gene\n  - UniProt: https:\/\/www.uniprot.org\/\n  - Russell WC. Adenoviruses: update on structure and function. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:1–20.\n  - Alba R, Bosch A, Chillon M. Gutless adenovirus: last-generation adenovirus for gene therapy. Gene Ther 2005; 12 Suppl 1:S18–27.\n  - Vendor reference: https:\/\/www.vectorbiolabs.com\/product\/1431-tumor-necrosis-factor-ligand-superfamily-member-10-adenovirus\/\n--\u003e","brand":"Vector Biolabs","offers":[{"title":"1x10^10 PFU\/ml \/ 200 µL","offer_id":53286490767725,"sku":"1431","price":690.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/www.ebiohippo.com\/products\/tumor-necrosis-factor-ligand-superfamily-member-10-adenovirus-ad-trail-bhv21600129","provider":"BioHippo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}