| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Species |
SH-SY5Y cells, a subclone derived from the neuroblastoma cancer cell line SK-N-SH, are a valuable cell model for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The SK-N-SH cell line was established in 1970 from a biopsy of a metastatic bone tumor from a 4-year-old cancer patient. The human SH-SY5Y cell line offers a unique cell source for functional studies in neurobiology and neurodegenerative disease research.
SH-SY5Y cells grow both adherently and in suspension, forming clusters during division that differ significantly from the morphology of differentiated cells. These undifferentiated cells, before undergoing neuronal differentiation, serve as an essential foundation for neuroscientific studies.
The neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells, which transforms them into neuronal cell models resembling various functional neurons, is achieved through biochemical interconversion processes involving gradual serum deprivation, retinoic acid, neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and extracellular matrix proteins. This differentiation is crucial for studying neuronal markers and conducting neurotoxicology research, especially concerning the impact of organic pollutants on human neuron-like cells.
The neurobiology of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, primarily known for their dopaminergic characteristics, can be explored for cholinergic properties under specific differentiation conditions. While these cells may express acetylcholinesterase, indicative of some cholinergic activity, their utility in studying cholinergic neurotransmission is less pronounced compared to their role in dopaminergic system studies.
As a neurotoxicological model, the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line is instrumental in examining the effects of compounds on acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase activities, essential for neurotoxicology studies. The sy5y line's contribution to understanding the biochemical pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases, coupled with its role in the functional studies of dopaminergic and cholinergic systems, underscores its value in neuroscience research.
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- Tumorigenic: Forms tumors in nude mice within approx. 3-4 weeks.
- Karyotype: The cytogenetic landscape of SH-SY5Y cells is marked by complex chromosomal aberrations, notably featuring a modal chromosome number of 47, including trisomy of 1q due to a distinctive insertion in chromosome 1. This genetic backdrop is crucial for understanding the cellular biology and oncogenic potential of SH-SY5Y cells, making them a versatile model in neuroscientific research, particularly in the realms of neurodevelopment, neurotoxicity, and neurodegenerative disease studies.
- cultureMedium: Please mix EMEM and Ham's F12 in a 50:50 ratio (Cytion article numbers 820100a and 820600a)
- supplements: Supplement the medium with 15% FBS
- dissociationReagent: Accutase
- subculturing: These cells grow as a mixture of floating and adherent cells. Remove the medium with the floating cells, and recover the cells by centrifugation. Rinse the adherent cells using PBS without calcium and magnesium (3-5 ml PBS for T25, 5-10ml for T75 cell culture flasks). Add Accutase (1-2ml per T25, 2.5ml per T75 cell culture flask), the cell sheet must be covered completely. Incubate at 37 degree Celsius for 10 minutes. Combine with the floating cells recovered above. Carefully resuspend the cells, the addition of medium is optional but not necessary, and dispense into new flasks which contain fresh medium.
- seedingDensity: Seeding density after thawing 6x104 cells/cm2, seed into 1x T25 cell culture flask. The cells will become 80-90% confluent within 1-2 weeks. Once the cells proliferate vigorously, seed out the cells at a density of 1 - 2 x104 cells/cm2.
- fluidRenewal: 1 to 2 times per week
- freezeMedium: As a cryopreservation medium, use 50% basal medium + 40% FBS + 10% DMSO, or CM-1 (Cytion catalog number 800100), which includes optimized osmoprotectants and metabolic stabilizers to enhance recovery and reduce cryo-induced stress.
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