| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | Amino acids 115-130 of the human protein was used as the immunogen for this anti-TNF alpha antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF alpha) is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor bearing mice. TNF alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNF alpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five non-covalently linked units, but shows a single 17kDa band following SDS PAGE under non-reducing conditions. TNF alpha is closely related to the 25kDa protein Tumor Necrosis Factor beta (lymphotoxin), sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF alpha causes cytolysis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNF alpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of interleukin 1, prostaglandin E2 and collagenase production. TNF alpha is currently being evaluated in treatment of certain cancers and AIDS Related Complex.
This anti-TNF-alpha antibody is supplied as Purified (Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone SPM543, Mouse IgM, kappa, Unconjugated) and is designed to support common target-detection workflows after the on-page specifications.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: TNF-alpha
- Format: Purified
- Localization: Cytoplasmic and extracellular (secreted)
- Species reactivity: Human
- Applications (listed): IHC-P, IF
- Conjugate: Unconjugated
- Clone and antibody class: Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone SPM543, Mouse IgM, kappa
Because antibody performance can depend on epitope context, sample preparation, and biological state, interpret signals using appropriate controls and orthogonal evidence when possible.
Biological background
TNF-alpha is referenced in public gene/protein resources (e.g., UniProt and NCBI Gene), which provide curated names/synonyms, protein features, and pathway context. When designing assays, consider potential isoforms, post-translational modifications, and cell-type specific expression that may influence observed signal.
Research relevance and current trends
- Profiling TNF-alpha expression across model systems, perturbations, and time points to support mechanistic hypotheses.
- Combining antibody-based detection with multi-omics or imaging readouts to link TNF-alpha signal with phenotype.
- Using well-matched controls (isotype controls, genetic perturbations, or independent reagents) to strengthen interpretation of target-associated signal.
Common research applications
- IHC-P
- IF
Use the listed applications as a starting point and tailor experimental design to your sample type and readout requirements.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Specificity considerations: closely related family members, isoforms, or PTMs can affect apparent specificity; confirm with independent approaches when critical.
- Controls: include negative controls and, when feasible, genetic or pharmacologic perturbations to support target attribution in your system.
- Species and sample context: differences in sequence, expression, fixation, or extraction conditions can change signal behavior across models.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
