Caspase-9 (phospho Ser196) rabbit pAb

What it means: This is a Polyclonal antibody — a mixture of immunoglobulins from multiple B-cell clones that collectively recognize several epitopes on the target antigen.

Why it matters:

• Polyclonal antibodies typically produce stronger signal in assays such as Western Blot and ELISA due to multi-epitope amplification.
• Greater tolerance for antigen denaturation or modification (e.g., phosphorylation) compared to monoclonal antibodies.
• Ideal when target abundance is low or antigen conformation may vary by sample preparation.

How to interpret here: This Polyclonal antibody is well-suited for detection assays where signal amplification is a priority and minor epitope variability is acceptable.

Tip: Validate each new lot before transitioning experiments, as polyclonal antibodies may show batch-to-batch variability.

What it means: The host species is the animal in which this antibody was raised — in this case, Rabbit.

Why it matters:

• Secondary antibodies and detection reagents must be matched to the primary antibody host (e.g., use anti-Rabbit secondary for this Rabbit primary antibody).
• Avoid using primary antibodies raised in the same species as the target tissue or cells to prevent non-specific background signal.

How to interpret here: Select a compatible anti-Rabbit secondary antibody or detection system when using this antibody in your assay protocol.

What it means: This antibody has been confirmed or predicted to recognize the target antigen from the following species: Human, Rat, Mouse.

Why it matters:

• Validating species reactivity ensures the antibody will detect the target in your specific experimental model organism.
• Cross-species reactivity is typically predicted from sequence homology and should be confirmed empirically for species not listed.

How to interpret here: This antibody has validated reactivity in Human, Rat, Mouse samples. For unlisted species, consult the sequence homology data or contact the BioHippo team for guidance.

What it means: The antibody isotype is IgG, referring to the immunoglobulin class and its structural and effector properties.

Why it matters:

• Isotype determines which secondary detection antibodies are compatible — ensure your secondary specifically targets this isotype.
• In multiplex experiments, different IgG subclasses (IgG1, IgG2a, etc.) allow simultaneous detection of multiple targets without cross-interference.

How to interpret here: This antibody carries isotype IgG. Select a secondary antibody or detection system that specifically recognizes this isotype class for optimal signal-to-noise performance.

What it means: This antibody has been validated for use in the following research applications: Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, ELISA.

Why it matters:

• Validated applications are confirmed by the manufacturer under defined assay conditions, providing confidence that the antibody performs as expected in these protocols.
• Using an antibody outside its validated application list may require additional optimization and is not guaranteed to produce reliable results.

How to interpret here: This antibody is tested and confirmed for Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, ELISA. Refer to the product datasheet for recommended dilutions, controls, and protocol notes specific to each validated application.