Elab Fluor® 488 Anti-Mouse CD28 Antibody[37.51]

What it means: Monoclonal indicates this antibody is produced from a single B cell clone, recognizing one defined epitope with high specificity.

Why it matters:

• High specificity — single epitope binding minimizes cross-reactivity and background in complex samples
• Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility, ensuring consistent results across experiments and publications

How to interpret here: This monoclonal antibody is preferred for quantitative assays, multiplex panels, and studies requiring strict reproducibility and citation across laboratories.

What it means: This antibody was raised in Syrian Hamster — the immune system of Syrian Hamster was used to generate an antibody response against the CD28 antigen.

Why it matters:

• Host species determines your secondary antibody: you need an anti-Syrian Hamster IgG secondary for indirect detection with this unconjugated primary
• Do not use this antibody if your sample contains endogenous Syrian Hamster proteins (e.g. Syrian Hamster-derived cells or tissue), as non-specific background will occur

How to interpret here: Select an anti-Syrian Hamster secondary antibody conjugated to your preferred reporter (HRP, fluorophore, biotin). In dual-labeling experiments, confirm host species compatibility between all primary antibodies.

What it means: Species reactivity indicates the sample species in which this antibody has been experimentally validated: Mouse.

Why it matters:

• Confirmed reactivity means the CD28 epitope is conserved in the listed species — you can expect specific signal without additional validation
• For species not listed, epitope conservation is unknown; pilot testing with appropriate positive and isotype controls is required before drawing conclusions

How to interpret here: If your sample is not from a listed species, compare the immunogen sequence to your target sequence homology before purchasing. Reactivity in unvalidated species is possible but must be empirically confirmed.

What it means: The conjugate for this antibody is Elab Fluor®488 — it is directly labeled with Elab Fluor®488 — no secondary antibody is needed for detection.

Why it matters:

• Elab Fluor®488 conjugation enables direct, simplified detection — reducing assay steps, hands-on time, and secondary antibody cross-reactivity risk
• Particularly valuable in multiplex panels where secondary antibody cross-species interference is a concern

How to interpret here: Use this Elab Fluor®488-conjugated antibody directly in your assay protocol. Verify instrument compatibility with Elab Fluor®488 excitation/emission specifications.

What it means: The isotype of this antibody is Syrian Hamster IgG — the antibody class defined by the constant region structure of its heavy chain, produced by Syrian Hamster.

Why it matters:

• Isotype determines Fc receptor binding, complement activation capacity, and compatibility with protein A/G purification systems
• Critical for multiplex experiments: include a matched Syrian Hamster IgG isotype control to distinguish specific binding from non-specific Fc-mediated background

How to interpret here: Select an Syrian Hamster IgG-specific secondary antibody when using isotype-specific detection. Include an isotype control (Syrian Hamster IgG raised in Syrian Hamster) at the same concentration as this antibody in every experiment.

What it means: This antibody has been experimentally validated for: Flow Cytometry.

Why it matters:

• Validation confirms the antibody produces specific, reproducible signal in the listed assay formats — reducing the optimization burden for your research
• For unlisted applications, empirical testing with appropriate positive and negative controls is required; performance cannot be guaranteed without validation

How to interpret here: Consult the product datasheet for application-specific recommended dilution ranges and protocol notes. Begin optimization at the suggested starting dilution and adjust based on signal-to-noise in your specific sample type.

What it means: This monoclonal antibody originates from clone 37.51 — a single hybridoma cell line that consistently produces antibody recognizing one defined epitope on CD28.

Why it matters:

• Clone identity guarantees lot-to-lot reproducibility: every production batch from clone 37.51 generates antibody with identical epitope specificity and affinity
• The clone designation allows cross-referencing with published literature and validation datasets, supporting inter-laboratory reproducibility and citation

How to interpret here: When citing this antibody in publications, include the clone 37.51 designation. Search published data for clone 37.51 to identify validated protocols and conditions before optimizing your own assay.