HLA-DQ Antibody (MHC II)

Overview

HLA-DQ Antibody (MHC II) is a research-use primary antibody intended for detection of HLA-DQ in experimental workflows. It is supplied in Purified format. Key antibody attributes include Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone SPV-L3, isotype Mouse IgG2a, kappa. Applications listed for this product include FACS, IF. Reported/annotated localization context: Cell surface. Species reactivity (as provided): Human.

Key elements and design rationale

• Target: HLA-DQ (MHC II) — selectivity and interpretation should be considered in the context of isoforms, post-translational modifications, and related family members when applicable.
• Format: Purified — format can influence background, multiplexing compatibility, and downstream detection strategies.
• Antibody identity: Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone SPV-L3, isotype Mouse IgG2a, kappa — these attributes help align secondary reagents and controls (e.g., isotype-matched controls) with your assay design.
• Localization: Cell surface — expected subcellular distribution can guide band/structure interpretation and help flag off-target signal.
• Product notes (from provided description): Recognizes a DQ antigen, which is a dimer of 60kDa. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DQA) and a beta chain (DQB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B Lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35kDa. It is encoded by 5 exons; exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DQ molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to four different molecules. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow transplantation.

Where multiple assay formats are possible, align the antibody format, host/isotype, and listed applications with your detection system and controls to support clear interpretation of signal.

Biological background

In this catalog, HLA-DQ is positioned within Immunology & Inflammation research contexts. Localization annotations (e.g., Cell surface) can help contextualize expected signal patterns in imaging and fractionation-based readouts. For authoritative gene/protein nomenclature, domains/isoforms, and curated functional annotations, consult resources such as UniProt, NCBI Gene, and Ensembl.

Research relevance and current trends

• Higher-plex and spatially resolved readouts (e.g., multiplex IF/IHC, spatial omics) are increasing demand for well-characterized primary antibodies with clearly stated host/isotype and labeling strategies.
• Genetic perturbation controls (knockout/knockdown) and orthogonal measurements (e.g., RNA vs protein) are commonly used to strengthen target attribution when interpreting antibody-derived signals.
• Reproducibility initiatives emphasize transparent reporting of antibody identity (clone, host, isotype) and experimental context to improve cross-study comparability.

Common research applications

• FACS: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
• IF: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
• Typical workflow themes: IF/ICC localization, Flow cytometry staining, ELISA binding assay, Specificity controls.
• Workflow notes: Detect HLA-DQ localization by IF/ICC in cultured cells (optimize fixation + dilution), Quantify HLA-DQ-positive cells by flow cytometry in single-cell suspensions (include viability gate), Measure binding to HLA-DQ pe…

When comparing conditions, consistent sample processing and appropriate negative/positive controls support interpretation of qualitative localization differences and quantitative abundance changes.

Notes for experimental interpretation

• Isoforms and post-translational modifications may shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility, especially across cell states or treatments.
• Species and tissue context can affect sequence conservation, expression level, and background binding; predicted reactivity should be verified in your sample.
• Control concepts include isotype-matched controls, secondary-only controls (for indirect detection), and genetic/orthogonal controls (e.g., KO/KD, independent antibodies, or RNA measurements) when feasible.

Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies can differ in epitope recognition breadth and lot-to-lot characteristics; consider clonality and clone information (when provided) alongside your assay requirements. Conjugated formats may simplify detection but can change background and multiplexing behavior compared with unconjugated primaries.

Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.