| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | E.coli-derived human ME3 recombinant protein (Position: R17-D585) was used as the immunogen for the ME3 antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
ME3 Antibody / Malic enzyme 3 is a anti-ME3 Rabbit antibody Polyclonal (rabbit origin) supplied in Lyophilized format. Recommended for workflows such as ELISA, Flow cytometry (FACS), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB) with listed reactivity in Human, Monkey, Mouse, Rat. Reported localization: Mitochondria.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: ME3
- Antibody details: Rabbit, Polyclonal (rabbit origin), isotype Rabbit IgG
- Format: Lyophilized
- Applications (as listed): ELISA, FACS, IF, IHC, WB
Biological background
Structurally, ME3 is a homotetrameric enzyme localized to the mitochondrial matrix. It shares significant sequence and structural homology with the cytosolic malic enzyme ME1 and the mitochondrial NAD+-dependent isoform ME2 but is distinct in its strict requirement for NADP+ as a cofactor. The protein consists of an N-terminal coenzyme-binding domain and a C-terminal catalytic domain that coordinates divalent metal ions such as magnesium or manganese for catalytic activity. ME3 belongs to the malic enzyme family of oxidative decarboxylases that bridge carbohydrate metabolism with lipid and amino acid biosynthesis.
Functionally, ME3 contributes to metabolic flexibility by linking glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle with biosynthetic pathways. It catalyzes the reversible conversion of malate to pyruvate, generating NADPH for reductive reactions in mitochondria. In pancreatic beta cells, ME3 supports insulin secretion by providing NADPH for redox-sensitive signaling pathways. In neurons, it enhances mitochondrial function and protects against oxidative stress by maintaining NADPH-dependent antioxidant systems such as glutathione reductase. Known substrates include L-malate and NADP+, with pyruvate and carbon dioxide as products.
ME3 activity is closely tied to cellular energy demand and oxidative stress responses. During high biosynthetic activity, ME3-generated NADPH fuels lipid synthesis and reactive oxygen species detoxification. Dysregulation of ME3 expression has been linked to metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Overexpression can enhance proliferation by increasing NADPH supply for anabolic metabolism, while deficiency impairs mitochondrial redox control. Pathway associations include the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and NADPH regeneration pathways. Expression of ME3 increases during metabolic adaptation in tissues such as liver and kidney.
Immunohistochemical staining using ME3 antibody shows mitochondrial localization in hepatocytes, neurons, and renal tubular cells. The ME3 antibody from
Research relevance and current trends
- Connecting protein-level changes to phenotype using orthogonal readouts (genetic perturbation, transcriptomics, imaging).
- Considering isoforms and post-translational regulation when interpreting protein-level changes.
- Comparing results across species and model systems with matched controls.
Common research applications
- Western blotting: compare relative abundance and activation-state changes across conditions.
- Immunofluorescence: visualize subcellular distribution and cell-to-cell heterogeneity.
- Immunohistochemistry: map target signal in tissue context and compare regions/phenotypes.
- Flow cytometry: quantify target-positive populations and signal shifts at single-cell resolution.
- ELISA: support antibody-based quantification in assay formats where applicable.
Interpret changes in signal alongside appropriate controls and, when relevant, in parallel with total-protein or pathway readouts.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Signal can reflect expression level, isoform composition, and post-translational state; interpret results in the context of your model system and stimuli.
- Species differences and sample matrices can influence epitope recognition; prioritize matched controls and orthogonal confirmation when feasible.
Antibody notes: Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes, which can broaden the epitope footprint and may increase sensitivity in some contexts.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
