| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | Bovine TGF-beta2 protein was used as the immunogen for the TGF-beta antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
TGF-beta Antibody (1/2/3) is a research-use primary antibody intended for detection of TGF-BETA in experimental workflows. It is supplied in Purified format. Key antibody attributes include Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone 1D11.16.8, isotype Mouse IgG1, kappa. Applications listed for this product include Cytokine neutralization, Functional assay, ELISA, IF, WB. Reported/annotated localization context: Cytoplasm and extracellular (secreted). Species reactivity (as provided): Human, Mouse, Rat.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: TGF-BETA (1) — selectivity and interpretation should be considered in the context of isoforms, post-translational modifications, and related family members when applicable.
- Format: Purified — format can influence background, multiplexing compatibility, and downstream detection strategies.
- Antibody identity: Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone 1D11.16.8, isotype Mouse IgG1, kappa — these attributes help align secondary reagents and controls (e.g., isotype-matched controls) with your assay design.
- Localization: Cytoplasm and extracellular (secreted) — expected subcellular distribution can guide band/structure interpretation and help flag off-target signal.
- Product notes (from provided description): This mAb recognizes TGF beta 1, 2 and 3. Three TGFbs have been identified in mammals. TGFb1, TGFb2 and TGFb3 are each synthesized as precursor proteins that are very similar in that each is cleaved to yield a 112 amino acid polypeptide that remains associated with the latent portion of the molecules. Biologically active TGFb requires dimerization of the monomers (usually homodimers) and release of the latent peptide portion. Overall, the mature region of the TGFb3 protein has approximately 80% identity to the mature region of both TGFb1 and TGFb2. However, the NH2 terminals or precursor regions of their molecules share only 27% sequence identity. TGFb's inhibit the growth of epithelial cells and stimulate the growth of mesenchymal cells.
Where multiple assay formats are possible, align the antibody format, host/isotype, and listed applications with your detection system and controls to support clear interpretation of signal.
Biological background
In this catalog, TGF-BETA is positioned within Molecular & Cellular Biology research contexts. Localization annotations (e.g., Cytoplasm and extracellular (secreted)) can help contextualize expected signal patterns in imaging and fractionation-based readouts. For authoritative gene/protein nomenclature, domains/isoforms, and curated functional annotations, consult resources such as UniProt, NCBI Gene, and Ensembl.
Research relevance and current trends
- Higher-plex and spatially resolved readouts (e.g., multiplex IF/IHC, spatial omics) are increasing demand for well-characterized primary antibodies with clearly stated host/isotype and labeling strategies.
- Genetic perturbation controls (knockout/knockdown) and orthogonal measurements (e.g., RNA vs protein) are commonly used to strengthen target attribution when interpreting antibody-derived signals.
- Reproducibility initiatives emphasize transparent reporting of antibody identity (clone, host, isotype) and experimental context to improve cross-study comparability.
Common research applications
- Cytokine neutralization: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
- Functional assay: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
- ELISA: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
- IF: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
- WB: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
- Typical workflow themes: Western blot validation, IF/ICC localization, ELISA binding assay, Specificity controls.
- Workflow notes: Validate 3 by Western blot in cell/tissue lysates (include controls), Detect 3 localization by IF/ICC in cultured cells (optimize fixation + dilution), Measure binding to 3 peptide/protein by ELISA with dilution serie…
When comparing conditions, consistent sample processing and appropriate negative/positive controls support interpretation of qualitative localization differences and quantitative abundance changes.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isoforms and post-translational modifications may shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility, especially across cell states or treatments.
- Species and tissue context can affect sequence conservation, expression level, and background binding; predicted reactivity should be verified in your sample.
- Control concepts include isotype-matched controls, secondary-only controls (for indirect detection), and genetic/orthogonal controls (e.g., KO/KD, independent antibodies, or RNA measurements) when feasible.
Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies can differ in epitope recognition breadth and lot-to-lot characteristics; consider clonality and clone information (when provided) alongside your assay requirements. Conjugated formats may simplify detection but can change background and multiplexing behavior compared with unconjugated primaries.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
