| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | Recombinant full-length human protein was used as the immunogen for the TGM2 antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
TGM2 Antibody is a research-use primary antibody intended for detection of TGM2 in experimental workflows. It is supplied in Purified format. Key antibody attributes include Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone SPM592, isotype Mouse IgG1, kappa. Applications listed for this product include IHC-P. Reported/annotated localization context: Cytoplasmic and cell surface. Species reactivity (as provided): Human.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: TGM2 — selectivity and interpretation should be considered in the context of isoforms, post-translational modifications, and related family members when applicable.
- Format: Purified — format can influence background, multiplexing compatibility, and downstream detection strategies.
- Antibody identity: Mouse, Monoclonal (mouse origin), clone SPM592, isotype Mouse IgG1, kappa — these attributes help align secondary reagents and controls (e.g., isotype-matched controls) with your assay design.
- Localization: Cytoplasmic and cell surface — expected subcellular distribution can guide band/structure interpretation and help flag off-target signal.
- Product notes (from provided description): Recognizes a 77-85kDa protein, identified as cellular or tissue transglutaminase II (TGase II, TGM2). Transglutaminases are enzymes that catalyze the crosslinking of proteins by epsilon-gamma glutamyl lysine isopeptide bonds. While the primary structure of transglutaminases is not conserved, they all have the same amino acid sequence at their active sites and their activity is calcium-dependent. The protein encoded by this gene acts as a monomer, is induced by retinoic acid, and appears to be involved in apoptosis. Finally, the encoded protein is the autoantigen implicated in celiac disease. The identification of transglutaminase as the main antigen of endomysium antibodies allows a new diagnostic approach to celiac disease (CD), a genetic, immunologically mediated small bowel enteropathy that causes malabsorption. TGase II is implicated in programmed cell death, signal transduction, drug-resistance, cell growth, endocytosis, insulin secretion, cell adhesion, cataract formation, and wound healing.
Where multiple assay formats are possible, align the antibody format, host/isotype, and listed applications with your detection system and controls to support clear interpretation of signal.
Biological background
In this catalog, TGM2 is positioned within Molecular & Cellular Biology research contexts. Localization annotations (e.g., Cytoplasmic and cell surface) can help contextualize expected signal patterns in imaging and fractionation-based readouts. For authoritative gene/protein nomenclature, domains/isoforms, and curated functional annotations, consult resources such as UniProt, NCBI Gene, and Ensembl.
Research relevance and current trends
- Higher-plex and spatially resolved readouts (e.g., multiplex IF/IHC, spatial omics) are increasing demand for well-characterized primary antibodies with clearly stated host/isotype and labeling strategies.
- Genetic perturbation controls (knockout/knockdown) and orthogonal measurements (e.g., RNA vs protein) are commonly used to strengthen target attribution when interpreting antibody-derived signals.
- Reproducibility initiatives emphasize transparent reporting of antibody identity (clone, host, isotype) and experimental context to improve cross-study comparability.
Common research applications
- IHC-P: interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, epitope accessibility, and potential isoform/PTM differences across conditions.
- Typical workflow themes: IHC on FFPE tissue, ELISA binding assay, Specificity controls.
- Workflow notes: Detect TGM2 by IHC in FFPE tissue sections (optimize antigen retrieval + dilution), Measure binding to TGM2 peptide/protein by ELISA with dilution series (include blanks), Confirm specificity using KO/KD or peptide co…
When comparing conditions, consistent sample processing and appropriate negative/positive controls support interpretation of qualitative localization differences and quantitative abundance changes.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isoforms and post-translational modifications may shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility, especially across cell states or treatments.
- Species and tissue context can affect sequence conservation, expression level, and background binding; predicted reactivity should be verified in your sample.
- Control concepts include isotype-matched controls, secondary-only controls (for indirect detection), and genetic/orthogonal controls (e.g., KO/KD, independent antibodies, or RNA measurements) when feasible.
Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies can differ in epitope recognition breadth and lot-to-lot characteristics; consider clonality and clone information (when provided) alongside your assay requirements. Conjugated formats may simplify detection but can change background and multiplexing behavior compared with unconjugated primaries.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
