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The ACHN cell line is derived from the malignant pleural effusion of a 22-year-old Caucasian male with widely metastatic renal adenocarcinoma. The cell line was established in November 1979, following direct seeding of the cancer cells into culture flasks containing Eagle's MEM with 10% FBS. Over a period of 150 days, the cells were maintained and passaged in vitro. Subsequently, the cells were inoculated subcutaneously into nude mice, where they formed palpable, locally invasive tumors within four weeks. This cell line is tumorigenic, as evidenced by its ability to induce tumors in 100% of nude mice (5/5) inoculated with 107 cells, with tumors developing within 21 days.
ACHN cells are characterized by an adherent growth pattern and express specific isoenzymes, including G6PD (type B). This cell line is also noted for its response to human interferons and interferon inducers, making it particularly useful for antiproliferative studies. Both the original ACHN cells and those recovered from tumors in nude mice demonstrate growth inhibition in the presence of human interferons, highlighting their potential application in studies exploring the efficacy of interferon-based therapies for renal cancer.
The ACHN cell line is a valuable tool for cancer research, especially in the context of renal adenocarcinoma. It serves as an important model for studying tumorigenicity, metastatic behavior, and the effects of interferons on cancer cell proliferation. Its ability to form tumors in vivo and respond to interferon treatment provides a robust platform for developing and testing new therapeutic approaches targeting renal cell carcinoma.
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- Receptors expressed: CAIx- (carbonic anhydrase Ix)
- Protein expression: p53 positive
- Isoenzymes: CAIx-
- Tumorigenic: Yes, in nude mice
- cultureMedium: EMEM (MEM Eagle), w: 2 mM L-Glutamine, w: 2.2 g/L NaHCO3, w: EBSS (Cytion article number 820100a)
- supplements: Supplement the medium with 10% FBS and 1% NEAA
- dissociationReagent: Accutase
- doublingTime: 30 hours
- subculturing: Remove the old medium from the adherent cells and wash them with PBS that lacks calcium and magnesium. For T25 flasks, use 3-5 ml of PBS, and for T75 flasks, use 5-10 ml. Then, cover the cells completely with Accutase, using 1-2 ml for T25 flasks and 2.5 ml for T75 flasks. Let the cells incubate at room temperature for 8-10 minutes to detach them. After incubation, gently mix the cells with 10 ml of medium to resuspend them, then centrifuge at 300xg for 3 minutes. Discard the supernatant, resuspend the cells in fresh medium, and transfer them into new flasks that already contain fresh medium.
- seedingDensity: 1 x 104 cells/cm2 will result in a confluent monolayer within 4 days.
- fluidRenewal: 2 to 3 times per week
- postThawRecovery: After thawing, plate the cells at 5 x 104 cells/cm2 and allow the cells to recover from the freezing process and to adhere for at least 24 hours.
- freezeMedium: As a cryopreservation medium, use complete growth medium (including FBS) + 10% DMSO for adequate post-thaw viability, or CM-1 (Cytion catalog number 800100), which includes optimized osmoprotectants and metabolic stabilizers to enhance recovery and reduce cryo-induced stress.
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