| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Accession Number | |
| Alternative Names | G-Protein Coupled Receptor 35, Kynurenic Acid Receptor |
| Clonality | |
| Conjugate | |
| Host | |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Reactivity | |
| Shipping | |
| Storage | |
| Target |
Overview
Anti-GPR35 (extracellular)-FITC Antibody is an antibody targeting G-Protein Coupled Receptor 35, Kynurenic Acid Receptor Polyclonal raised in Rabbit (Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)). This antibody is commonly used in FC, LCI to detect, localize, or compare expression of the target across samples.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: G-Protein Coupled Receptor 35, Kynurenic Acid Receptor (also reported as G-Protein Coupled Receptor 35, Kynurenic Acid Receptor).
- Immunogen/epitope region: Extracellular, 2nd loop..
- Homology note: Mouse - 14 out of 15 amino acid residues identical; rat - 12 out of 15 amino acid residues identical Not recommended for human samples (informative for cross-species interpretation).
- Species reactivity (as provided): Rat, Mouse.
- Specificity statement (as provided): Not recommended for human samples..
- Lot quality control (as provided): Western blot analysis (unlabeled antibody, #AGR-051), and direct flow cytometry (labeled antibody)..
- Peptide confirmation: Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
- Blocking peptide: Available for antigen preadsorption control where appropriate.
These attributes help researchers interpret whether signal reflects the intended target in a given assay and sample context.
Biological background
G- protein coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) is an "orphan" GPCR, whose native ligand is still unknown. It was shown to be involved in the modulation of synaptic transmission, nociception, neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and in various diseases including ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis1 and hence there is a great therapeutic potential in studying its activity.In vitro, GPR35 is stimulated by high concentrations of a number of small molecules, including kynurenic acid, 2-oleoyllysophosphatidic acid, DHICA, reverse T3, cGMP and it has a wide range of synthetic agonists and antagonists that either activate or inactivate it, respectively (Summarized in2).GPR35 is composed of seven trans-membrane domains, and it was shown to share structural homology with various receptors for chemokines; chemotactic cytokines that direct the traffic of leukocytes and other cells in the body. It was shown to be activated by chemokine CXCL17, and hence the role of a chemokine receptor was also assigned to it3.GPR35 expression has been identified within discrete regions of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system, and lower levels in heart, lung and skeletal muscle, and also in the lower gut and colon and by various white cell groups, including numerous dendritic cell and monocyte populations4.
Research relevance and current trends
- Comparing target expression across perturbations, genotypes, or treatment conditions.
- Interpreting localization shifts alongside pathway or phenotypic readouts.
- Using orthogonal controls (KO/KD, peptide competition, isotype concepts) to support conclusions.
Common research applications
- Flow cytometry (direct/indirect): quantify target-positive populations and shifts in expression across subsets.
- Live cell imaging (LCI): support extracellular-epitope detection on non-permeabilized cells when appropriate.
Interpretation typically benefits from comparing matched sample sets (e.g., treated vs control, WT vs KO/KD) and using orthogonal readouts where feasible.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isoforms and post-translational modifications can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility across samples.
- Cross-species signal may depend on epitope conservation; consult the provided homology note when selecting models.
- Permeabilization, fixation, and antigen retrieval can change accessibility of intracellular vs extracellular epitopes.
- Conceptual control: antigen preadsorption (blocking peptide) can help assess signal dependence on the immunogen region.
- Provided control suggestions: Negative control: RIC-001-F.
- Application notes: see product-specific dilution/usage notes and control concepts provided in the dataset.
Application abbreviations: CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, ICC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IF- Immunofluorescence, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot. Species abbreviations: H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat.
Recommended controls: Blocking peptide: BLP-GR051; Negative control: RIC-001-F.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
