| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Accession Number | |
| Alternative Names | P2RX4, P2X purinoceptor 4, ATP receptor |
| Clonality | |
| Conjugate | |
| Host | |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Reactivity | |
| Shipping | |
| Storage | |
| Target |
Overview
Anti-P2X4 Receptor (extracellular) Antibody is an antibody targeting P2RX4, P2X purinoceptor 4, ATP receptor Polyclonal raised in Rabbit (Unconjugated). This antibody is commonly used in IC, IF, IFC, IHC, LCI, WB to detect, localize, or compare expression of the target across samples.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: P2RX4, P2X purinoceptor 4, ATP receptor (also reported as P2RX4, P2X purinoceptor 4, ATP receptor).
- Immunogen/epitope region: Extracellular.
- Homology note: Mouse - 12/13 amino acid residues identical; human - 11/13 amino acid residues identical (informative for cross-species interpretation).
- Species reactivity (as provided): Human, Rat, Mouse.
- Cited use: IP, IHC, IFC (literature use does not guarantee performance in every setup).
- Lot quality control (as provided): Western blot analysis.
- Peptide confirmation: Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
- Blocking peptide: Available for antigen preadsorption control where appropriate.
These attributes help researchers interpret whether signal reflects the intended target in a given assay and sample context.
Biological background
The P2X purinergic receptors belong to the ligand-gated ion channel family and are activated by extracellular ATP.The structure and function of the P2X receptors, which were mainly investigated using in vitro models, indicate their involvement in synaptic communication, cell death, and differentiation.Seven mammalian P2X receptor subtypes (P2X1-P2X7) have been identified and cloned.1,2,3 All P2X receptor subtypes share the same structure of intracellular N- and C-termini, two membrane-spanning domains and a large extracellular loop.All P2X subunits can assemble to form homomeric or heteromeric functional channels with the exception of P2X6, which only appears to function as part of a heteromeric complex.4-9The various P2X receptors show distinct expression patterns. P2X1-6 have been found in the central and peripheral nervous system, while the P2X7 receptor is predominantly found in cells of the immune system.4The P2X2 receptor subunit has a widespread tissue distribution in autonomic neurons, but it is generally found to be co-expressed with one or more subtypes.Overexpression of P2X4 was demonstrated in microglia and in the spinal dorsal horn following peripheral nerve injury. It has been suggested that activation of P2X4 along with p38 MAPK is essential for the development of allodynia (pain from a stimulus that doesn't normally elicit pain) following nerve injury.
Research relevance and current trends
- Comparing target expression across perturbations, genotypes, or treatment conditions.
- Interpreting localization shifts alongside pathway or phenotypic readouts.
- Using orthogonal controls (KO/KD, peptide competition, isotype concepts) to support conclusions.
Common research applications
- Western blot (WB): compare target abundance/size across lysates and conditions; consider isoforms/PTMs.
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC): examine spatial distribution in tissue and relate signal to cell-type composition.
- Immunofluorescence/ICC: assess subcellular localization and co-localization with markers in cells or sections.
- Flow cytometry (direct/indirect): quantify target-positive populations and shifts in expression across subsets.
- Live cell imaging (LCI): support extracellular-epitope detection on non-permeabilized cells when appropriate.
Interpretation typically benefits from comparing matched sample sets (e.g., treated vs control, WT vs KO/KD) and using orthogonal readouts where feasible.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isoforms and post-translational modifications can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility across samples.
- Cross-species signal may depend on epitope conservation; consult the provided homology note when selecting models.
- Permeabilization, fixation, and antigen retrieval can change accessibility of intracellular vs extracellular epitopes.
- Conceptual control: antigen preadsorption (blocking peptide) can help assess signal dependence on the immunogen region.
- Provided control suggestions: Negative control: BLP-PR024.
- Application notes: see product-specific dilution/usage notes and control concepts provided in the dataset.
Application abbreviations: CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, ICC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IF- Immunofluorescence, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot. Species abbreviations: H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat.
Recommended controls: Blocking peptide: BLP-PR024; Negative control: BLP-PR024.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
