| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Accession Number | |
| Alternative Names | VIP and PACAP receptor 1, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1, Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type II receptor, PACAP type II receptor, PACAP-R2 |
| Clonality | |
| Conjugate | |
| Host | |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Reactivity | |
| Shipping | |
| Storage | |
| Target |
Overview
Anti-VPAC1 (VIPR1) (extracellular) Antibody is an antibody targeting VIP and PACAP receptor 1, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1, Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type II receptor, PACAP type II receptor, PACAP-R2 Polyclonal raised in Rabbit (Unconjugated). This antibody is commonly used in IC, IF, IFC, IHC, LCI, WB to detect, localize, or compare expression of the target across samples.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: VIP and PACAP receptor 1, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1, Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type II receptor, PACAP type II receptor, PACAP-R2 (also reported as VIP and PACAP receptor 1, Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 1, Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type II receptor, PACAP type II receptor, PACAP-R2).
- Immunogen/epitope region: Extracellular, N-terminus.
- Homology note: Human - 13/14 amino acid residues identical; rat, mouse - 12/14 amino acid residues identical (informative for cross-species interpretation).
- Species reactivity (as provided): Human, Rat, Mouse.
- Cited use: IFC (literature use does not guarantee performance in every setup).
- Lot quality control (as provided): Western blot analysis.
- Peptide confirmation: Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
- Blocking peptide: Available for antigen preadsorption control where appropriate.
These attributes help researchers interpret whether signal reflects the intended target in a given assay and sample context.
Biological background
Vasointestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) belong to the glucagon hormone superfamily, which includes secretin, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), glucagon, glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2), peptide histidine methionine (PHM), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)1. PACAP and VIP effects have been described in the digestive tract, cardiovascular system, airways, reproductive system, immune system, endocrine glands, and brain2. VIP and PACAP share a common G-protein coupled receptor, VPAC13.VPAC1 is a membrane-associated protein and shares significant homology with members of the G-protein coupled class B receptor family, the most important of which is the presence of large N-terminal extracellular domains which contain 10 highly conserved amino acids including six cysteines, putative N-terminal leader sequences and several potential N-glycosylation sites4.
Research relevance and current trends
- Comparing target expression across perturbations, genotypes, or treatment conditions.
- Interpreting localization shifts alongside pathway or phenotypic readouts.
- Using orthogonal controls (KO/KD, peptide competition, isotype concepts) to support conclusions.
Common research applications
- Western blot (WB): compare target abundance/size across lysates and conditions; consider isoforms/PTMs.
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC): examine spatial distribution in tissue and relate signal to cell-type composition.
- Immunofluorescence/ICC: assess subcellular localization and co-localization with markers in cells or sections.
- Flow cytometry (direct/indirect): quantify target-positive populations and shifts in expression across subsets.
- Live cell imaging (LCI): support extracellular-epitope detection on non-permeabilized cells when appropriate.
Interpretation typically benefits from comparing matched sample sets (e.g., treated vs control, WT vs KO/KD) and using orthogonal readouts where feasible.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isoforms and post-translational modifications can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility across samples.
- Cross-species signal may depend on epitope conservation; consult the provided homology note when selecting models.
- Permeabilization, fixation, and antigen retrieval can change accessibility of intracellular vs extracellular epitopes.
- Conceptual control: antigen preadsorption (blocking peptide) can help assess signal dependence on the immunogen region.
- Provided control suggestions: Negative control: BLP-VR001.
- Application notes: see product-specific dilution/usage notes and control concepts provided in the dataset.
Application abbreviations: CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, ICC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IF- Immunofluorescence, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot. Species abbreviations: H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat.
Recommended controls: Blocking peptide: BLP-VR001; Negative control: BLP-VR001.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
