IRS1 Antibody / Insulin receptor substrate 1

Overview

IRS1 Antibody / Insulin receptor substrate 1 is a research-use antibody directed against IRS1. It is supplied for use in common immunoassay contexts such as WB, IHC-P, FACS, IF/ICC (RUO).

Key elements and design rationale

• Target: IRS1.
• Description (provided): Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signalling adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS1 gene.
• Antibody type: Mouse, clone 10I3, Mouse IgG2a.
• Format: Antigen affinity purified; Affinity purified.
• Species reactivity: tested: Human.
• Immunogen (if provided): A human recombinant protein (amino acids S1041-Q1242) was used as the immunogen for the IRS1 antibody..

The information above helps you match the antibody format to your assay context, interpret species-dependent differences, and anticipate how epitope context (isoforms, PTMs, or conformational state) may influence signal.

Biological background

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a signalling adapter protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS1 gene. It is mapped to 2q36.3. This gene exhibited no intrinsic enzyme activity, and it can serve as a docking protein involved in binding and activating other signal transduction molecules after being phosphorylated on tyrosine by insulin receptor kinase. IRS1 plays a key role in transmitting signals from the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) receptors to intracellular pathways PI3K/Akt and Erk MAP kinase pathways. IRS1 also has important biological function for both metabolic and mitogenic(growth promoting) pathways. In addition to those, IRS1 is a key regulator of PI3K within malignant cells.

For curated annotations (gene/protein naming, domains, isoforms, and pathway links) for IRS1, consult primary databases such as UniProt, NCBI Gene, and Ensembl.

Research relevance and current trends

• Context-dependent expression studies: researchers often examine IRS1 abundance and localization across perturbations (genetic, pharmacologic, or environmental) to connect phenotype to molecular changes.
• Reagent reproducibility: there is growing emphasis on antibody specificity checks using orthogonal approaches (e.g., genetic perturbation or independent antibodies) and transparent reporting of clone/lot information.
• Multi-modal datasets: antibody-based readouts are increasingly combined with transcriptomics and imaging to relate protein-level measurements to cell-state transitions.

Common research applications

• Western blotting (immunoblot) for relative detection of target protein abundance and apparent molecular weight.
• Immunohistochemistry for spatial mapping of target expression across tissues and cell types.
• FACS: commonly used to detect or compare IRS1 across experimental conditions (conceptual guidance only).
• Immunofluorescence for subcellular localization and cell-type specific expression patterns.

When comparing conditions, interpret changes in signal in the context of sample composition, expected localization, and any known isoform complexity for the target.

Notes for experimental interpretation

• Isoforms and PTMs: alternative splicing or post-translational modifications can change epitope accessibility and apparent molecular weight; interpret bands/signals accordingly.
• Cross-reactivity and matrix effects: background binding can vary by sample type, species, and blocking/detection chemistries; include appropriate negative controls.
• Control concepts: where feasible, use genetic perturbation (KO/KD/overexpression), orthogonal assays, or independent antibodies to support specificity claims.

Antibody considerations: Polyclonal reagents may recognize multiple epitopes and can increase sensitivity but may show broader binding profiles, while monoclonal clones provide a single-epitope readout that can improve consistency across experiments. If a conjugate is listed, the antibody supports more direct detection workflows; otherwise, it is typically used with a compatible secondary antibody.

Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.