Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody

Overview

Anti-D2 Dopamine Receptor (extracellular) Antibody is an antibody targeting DRD2, D(2) dopamine receptor Polyclonal raised in Rabbit (Unconjugated). This antibody is commonly used in IFC, IHC, LCI, WB to detect, localize, or compare expression of the target across samples.

Key elements and design rationale

• Target: DRD2, D(2) dopamine receptor (also reported as DRD2, D(2) dopamine receptor).
• Immunogen/epitope region: Extracellular, N-terminus.
• Homology note: Mouse - identical; human - 15/16 amino acid residues identical (informative for cross-species interpretation).
• Species reactivity (as provided): Human, Rat, Mouse.
• Cited use: IP, IFC (literature use does not guarantee performance in every setup).
• Lot quality control (as provided): Western blot analysis.
• Peptide confirmation: Confirmed by amino acid analysis and mass spectrometry.
• Blocking peptide: Available for antigen preadsorption control where appropriate.

These attributes help researchers interpret whether signal reflects the intended target in a given assay and sample context.

Biological background

The D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) is one of five receptors that mediate the effects of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine regulates a variety of functions including locomotor activity, emotion, positive reinforcement, food intake, and endocrine regulation. The dopaminergic system has been extensively studied in the last thirty years mainly because its dysregulation has been linked to several neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases including Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia.1All five dopamine receptors belong to the 7-transmembrane domain, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily.Historically, the five receptors have been divided into two subfamilies based on pharmacological and structural considerations: the D1-like subfamily (that includes the D1 and D5 subtypes) and the D2-like subfamily (that includes the D2-, D3- and D4 subtypes).1The D1-like receptors are coupled to Gs-type G proteins and enhance adenylate cyclase activity while the D2-like receptors are coupled to Gi-type G proteins and inhibit adenylate cyclase activity.1D2 receptor expression in the brain is largely confined to the striatum, prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus.1Dysregulation of D2 receptor function has been implicated in several disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, and restless legs syndrome.

Research relevance and current trends

• Mapping receptor/channel localization across neuronal subtypes and subcellular compartments.
• Linking trafficking or surface expression changes to activity-dependent signaling and plasticity.
• Using KO/KD or blocking-peptide concepts to strengthen antibody-based target assignment.

Common research applications

• Western blot (WB): compare target abundance/size across lysates and conditions; consider isoforms/PTMs.
• Immunohistochemistry (IHC): examine spatial distribution in tissue and relate signal to cell-type composition.
• Immunofluorescence/ICC: assess subcellular localization and co-localization with markers in cells or sections.
• Flow cytometry (direct/indirect): quantify target-positive populations and shifts in expression across subsets.
• Live cell imaging (LCI): support extracellular-epitope detection on non-permeabilized cells when appropriate.

Interpretation typically benefits from comparing matched sample sets (e.g., treated vs control, WT vs KO/KD) and using orthogonal readouts where feasible.

Notes for experimental interpretation

• Isoforms and post-translational modifications can shift apparent molecular weight or epitope accessibility across samples.
• Cross-species signal may depend on epitope conservation; consult the provided homology note when selecting models.
• Permeabilization, fixation, and antigen retrieval can change accessibility of intracellular vs extracellular epitopes.
• Conceptual control: antigen preadsorption (blocking peptide) can help assess signal dependence on the immunogen region.
• Provided control suggestions: Negative control: BLP-DR002.
• Application notes: see product-specific dilution/usage notes and control concepts provided in the dataset.

Application abbreviations: CBE- Cell-based ELISA, FC- Flow cytometry, ICC- Immunocytochemistry, IE- Indirect ELISA, IF- Immunofluorescence, IFC- Indirect flow cytometry, IHC- Immunohistochemistry, IP- Immunoprecipitation, LCI- Live cell imaging, N- Neutralization, WB- Western blot. Species abbreviations: H- Human, M- Mouse, R- Rat.

Recommended controls: Blocking peptide: BLP-DR002; Negative control: BLP-DR002.

Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.