| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | E.coli-derived human ATP1A4 recombinant protein (Position: K45-Q680) was used as the immunogen for the ATP1A4 antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
ATP1A4 Antibody / ATPase subunit alpha 4 is a anti-ATP1A4 Rabbit antibody Polyclonal (rabbit origin) supplied in Lyophilized format. Recommended for workflows such as Western blot (WB), Flow cytometry (FACS), ELISA with listed reactivity in Human, Mouse, Rat.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: ATP1A4
- Antibody details: Rabbit, Polyclonal (rabbit origin), isotype Rabbit IgG
- Format: Lyophilized
- Applications (as listed): WB, FACS, ELISA
Biological background
ATP1A4 is encoded by the ATP1A4 gene located on human chromosome 1p13.1. The protein is approximately 1,023 amino acids long and forms the catalytic alpha subunit of the Na+/K+ ATPase complex, which also includes a beta subunit and an FXYD regulatory protein. This enzyme maintains intracellular potassium and extracellular sodium concentrations by hydrolyzing ATP for ion exchange across the plasma membrane. The alpha-4 isoform is primarily expressed in spermatozoa and germ cells, where it contributes to flagellar motility and fertility.
The ATP1A4 antibody detects a 112 kilodalton band by western blot and shows membrane localization in sperm and epithelial tissues under immunofluorescence microscopy. During spermatogenesis, ATP1A4 supports sperm maturation by regulating intracellular pH and calcium signaling. It localizes predominantly to the sperm plasma membrane, particularly the midpiece and flagellum, providing energy coupling for motility. Functional studies show that loss of ATP1A4 impairs sperm motility, reduces fertility, and alters ionic homeostasis in the reproductive tract.
In somatic cells, ATP1A4 contributes to cellular polarization and signal transduction. Beyond ion transport, it functions as a signaling molecule, interacting with Src-family kinases and regulating MAPK pathways during sperm capacitation. This dual role as both a pump and signaling scaffold underscores its importance in reproductive physiology and beyond.
Because of its testis-specific expression and regulatory versatility, ATP1A4 serves as a biomarker for sperm function, male fertility, and Na+/K+ ATPase diversity.
Research relevance and current trends
- Connecting protein-level changes to phenotype using orthogonal readouts (genetic perturbation, transcriptomics, imaging).
- Considering isoforms and post-translational regulation when interpreting protein-level changes.
- Comparing results across species and model systems with matched controls.
Common research applications
- Western blotting: compare relative abundance and activation-state changes across conditions.
- Flow cytometry: quantify target-positive populations and signal shifts at single-cell resolution.
- ELISA: support antibody-based quantification in assay formats where applicable.
Interpret changes in signal alongside appropriate controls and, when relevant, in parallel with total-protein or pathway readouts.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Signal can reflect expression level, isoform composition, and post-translational state; interpret results in the context of your model system and stimuli.
- Species differences and sample matrices can influence epitope recognition; prioritize matched controls and orthogonal confirmation when feasible.
Antibody notes: Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes, which can broaden the epitope footprint and may increase sensitivity in some contexts.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
