| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Target | |
| CAS no. | |
| Applications | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Molecular formula | C8H7ClNNaO3 |
| Purity | |
| SMILES | |
| Form | Solid |
| Storage | |
| Shipping | |
| Catalog no. (Mfr.) | |
| Main SKU |
Compound Overview
CHPG sodium salt is a selective mGluR5 agonist that attenuates SO2-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through the TSG-6/NF-κB pathway in BV2 microglial cells[1]. It also protects against traumatic brain injury (TBI), in vitro and in vivo, via activation of the ERK and Akt signaling pathways[2]. It is supplied as a white to off-white solid (C8H7ClNNaO3, MW 223.59) at 99.57% purity.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| CAS Number | 1303993-73-8 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C8H7ClNNaO3 |
| Molecular Weight | 223.59 g/mol |
| Purity | 99.57% |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Color | White to off-white |
| SMILES | O=C(O[Na])C(N)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl |
| Target | mGlu 5, NF-κB, ERK |
| Signaling Pathway | GPCR/G Protein; Neuronal Signaling; NF-κB; MAPK/ERK Pathway; Stem Cell/Wnt; PI3K/Akt/mTOR |
| Solubility | In Vitro: DMSO: 100 mg/mL (447.25 mM; Requires sonication; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO) H2O: 6.67 mg/mL (29.83 mM; Requires sonication and warming and heat to 80°C) |
| Storage | 4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture. In solvent: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). |
| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
Literature Cited
Sources cited in this description and in the In Vitro & In Vivo Data tab. Peer-reviewed publications that used this product are listed under References.
Safety
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, and not for human or veterinary use. Handle in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet and your institution's chemical hygiene plan.
In Vitro
| Solvent | Solubility | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 100 mg/mL (447.25 mM) | requires sonication; use freshly opened DMSO (absorbed moisture lowers solubility) |
| H2O | 6.67 mg/mL (29.83 mM) | requires sonication and warming and heat to 80°C |
Aliquot the stock solution and store it at -80°C (up to 6 months) or -20°C (up to 1 month); sealed storage, away from moisture; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
If water is used as the stock solvent, dilute to the working solution and sterilize it through a 0.22 μm filter before use.
In Vivo
Choose the formulation that suits the animal model and route of administration; percentages are volume ratios of the final working solution. Start from a clear DMSO stock (see In Vitro above), add the co-solvents one at a time in the order listed, mixing after each addition, and prepare the working solution fresh on the day of dosing. If precipitation or phase separation occurs, gentle warming or sonication can help.
Protocol 1
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.18 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300; then 50 μL Tween-80; then 450 μL saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Saline: dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH2O and make up to 100 mL. |
Protocol 2
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.18 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 3
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.18 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Direct preparation of the working solution
These formulations are prepared directly, without a DMSO stock; use them promptly after preparation.
Protocol 4
| Composition | PBS |
|---|---|
| Result | 5 mg/mL (22.36 mM); clear solution; requires sonication and warming and heat to 60°C |
Data provided by the manufacturer.
In Vitro
After SO2 derivatives treatment, CHPG sodium salt at 10-500 μM for 24 hours significantly raises cell viability and lowers LDH release[1]. Applied at 0.5 mM for 30 mins, CHPG sodium salt protects BV2 cells from SO2-induced apoptosis[1]. Treatment with CHPG sodium salt alone (0.5 mM; 30 mins) increases TSG-6 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels[1].
Cell Viability Assay[1]
| Cell Line | BV2 microglial cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 10, 50, 100 and 500 μM |
| Incubation Time | 24 hours |
| Result | Increased the cell viability. |
Apoptosis Analysis[1]
| Cell Line | BV2 microglial cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 0.5 mM |
| Incubation Time | 30 mins |
| Result | Protected BV2 cells against SO2-induced apoptosis. |
Western Blot Analysis[1]
| Cell Line | BV2 microglial cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 0.5 mM |
| Incubation Time | 30 mins |
| Result | Increased the expression of TSG-6 in both mRNA and protein levels. |
In Vivo
Injection of CHPG sodium salt at 250 nM for 7 days significantly reduces cerebral lesion volume[2].
| Animal Model | Adult Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 280-320 g[2] |
|---|---|
| Dosage | 250 nM |
| Administration | Injection; for 7 days |
| Result | Reduced significantly cerebral lesion volume. |
Data provided by the manufacturer. Numbered citations refer to the Literature Cited list in the product description.
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Inhibition of metabotropic glutamate receptor-5 alleviates hepatic steatosis by enhancing autophagy via activation of the AMPK signaling pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2025 Feb 21;31(7):98852. PMID: 39991675
Liyan Kaiyin Formula relieves reflux pharyngitis by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Immunobiology 2025 Jun 28;230(4):153095. PMID: 40602310
CHPG's role in regulating apoptosis in heat-stressed microglia through endoplasmic reticulum stress: A new perspective☆. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2025 May 26:18:823-829. PMID: 40520000
SSRN. 2025 Aug 27.
