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| Reactivity | |
| Applications | |
| Immunogen | Amino acids ETMEKAVEEKIEWLESHQDADIEDFKAKKKELE of human GRP78/BiP were used as the immunogen for the GRP78 antibody. |
| Conjugate | |
| Purity | |
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Overview
GRP78 Antibody / BiP / HSPA5 is a research-use-only Rabbit polyclonal (rabbit origin) Rabbit IgG directed against GRP78 / BiP / HSPA5. It is supplied for interpretation-focused detection and comparative profiling in WB, IHC. Reported localization context: Cytoplasmic, membrane.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target context: This antibody is raised against Amino acids ETMEKAVEEKIEWLESHQDADIEDFKAKKKELE of human GRP78/BiP were used as the immunogen for the GRP78 antibody.. Epitope context matters because isoforms, processing, and post-translational modifications can change what is accessible in a given assay.
- Format: Antigen affinity purified. Format influences background and compatibility with different detection chemistries; conjugated formats (when present) can simplify multiplexing and reduce reliance on secondary reagents.
- Species reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat. Cross-species performance can vary with sequence divergence and epitope conservation, so interpretation should be anchored with appropriate biological controls.
- Localization: Cytoplasmic, membrane. Subcellular compartment context can help guide expectations in imaging assays and informs fractionation-based comparisons in lysate workflows.
- Applications: WB, IHC. These indicate assay contexts where the antibody is commonly applied; actual performance depends on sample type and processing.
Polyclonal reagents can differ in how they recognize epitope features. Monoclonal antibodies often provide more consistent epitope targeting across lots, while polyclonal preparations may broaden recognition across related epitope variants.
Biological background
GRP78 / BiP / HSPA5 refers to the gene/protein target stated in the product record. Protein targets can exhibit context-dependent expression, regulated turnover, isoform diversity, and post-translational modifications that affect apparent molecular weight and epitope accessibility. For curated functional annotation, sequence features, and expression context, consult UniProtKB P11021, Ensembl, and Human Protein Atlas.
Research relevance and current trends
- Integrating antibody-based detection with single-cell and spatial atlasing efforts to connect RNA programs with protein-level abundance and localization in defined cell states.
- Expanding multiplexed imaging and high-content screening, where reagent specificity, cross-reactivity risk, and channel design (including direct conjugates) become central to interpretation.
- Growing emphasis on reproducibility and application-specific validation frameworks (e.g., genetic perturbation controls, orthogonal measurements, and independent antibody strategies) when drawing mechanistic conclusions.
Common research applications
- Western blot (WB): commonly used to compare relative abundance/size (e.g., band intensity or mobility shifts) between conditions.
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC): commonly used to compare tissue- and cell-type–specific expression patterns in situ.
Interpretation typically focuses on relative differences (presence/absence, fold-changes, compartment shifts, or population-level shifts) rather than absolute quantitation. When signal changes are observed, they may reflect altered expression, altered localization/trafficking, changes in modification state, or differences in sample composition; orthogonal readouts and appropriate controls help distinguish these possibilities.
Application details (record-specific): Western blot: 0.5-1ug/ml,Immunohistochemistry (FFPE): 2-5ug/ml
Application notes (record-specific): Optimal dilution of the GRP78 antibody should be determined by the researcher.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Product description (record-specific): HSPA5 (heat shock 70kDa protein 5), also known as glucose-regulated protein, 78kD (GRP78) or BiP, is a member of the heat-shock protein-70 (HSP70) family and is involved in the folding and assembly of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. BiP is also an essential component of the translocation machinery, as well as playing a role in retrograde transport across the ER membrane of aberrant proteins destined for degradation by the proteasome. The HSPA5 gene is mapped on 9q33.3. Shen et al. (2002) concluded that HSPA5 retains ATF6 in the ER by inhibiting its Golgi localization signals and that dissociation of HSPA5 during ER stress allows ATF6 to be transported to the Golgi. The findings of Shen et al. (2002) demonstrated that HSPA5 is a key element in sensing the folding capacity within the ER.
- Potential confounders: isoforms, proteolytic processing, and PTMs can change epitope presentation and apparent size; fixation/denaturation state can also expose or mask epitopes. Species differences near the epitope may affect cross-reactivity.
- Control concepts: include genetic perturbation (KO/KD) or overexpression comparisons, orthogonal measurement (e.g., transcript or proteomics), and independent antibody/epitope strategies. For conjugated reagents, include staining-only/background controls appropriate to the detection chemistry.
Immunogen/epitope context is described as: Amino acids ETMEKAVEEKIEWLESHQDADIEDFKAKKKELE of human GRP78/BiP were used as the immunogen for the GRP78 antibody.. Monoclonal and polyclonal formats differ in epitope breadth; this can influence sensitivity to sequence variants, isoforms, or PTM-dependent recognition.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
