| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Alternative Names | grxD; ydhD; b1654; JW1646Glutaredoxin 4; Grx4; Monothiol glutaredoxin |
| Clonality | |
| Conjugate | |
| Form | Liquid |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | Recombinant Escherichia coli Glutaredoxin 4 protein (24-115AA) |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Reactivity | |
| Source | This product is a polyclonal antibody purified from rabbit antiserum. |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
This is a polyclonal anti-grxD antibody raised in Rabbit, conjugated with FITC. It is designed to detect grxD protein in Escherichia coli and supports researchers working in others contexts.
Key elements and design rationale
- Immunogen: Recombinant Escherichia coli Glutaredoxin 4 protein (24-115AA) — determines the epitope region; confirm compatibility with sample preparation and expected post-translational modifications.
- Host species (Rabbit): Requires anti-rabbit-IgG secondary reagents for indirect detection.
- Polyclonal format: Recognizes multiple epitopes for robust signal; inherent lot-to-lot variability requires appropriate controls.
- Isotype (IgG): Matched secondary antibodies and isotype controls required. Compatible with standard Protein A/G purification workflows.
- Purification (Protein G purification): Enriches for specific immunoglobulin classes; reduces non-specific background vs. crude antisera.
- FITC conjugate: Direct fluorescence (Ex ~490/Em ~525 nm). Protect from light; use antifade reagents for slide-based applications.
Biological background
grxD (also referred to as grxD, ydhD, b1654, JW1646Glutaredoxin 4, Grx4, Monothiol glutaredoxin) is a protein target studied in Escherichia coli (strain K12) systems. Expression, subcellular localization, and post-translational modifications vary across cell types and disease states — factors critical to antibody-based detection design. Consult UniProt, NCBI Gene, and primary literature for current annotation of grxD biology in others.
Common research applications
- Refer to product documentation for confirmed application data.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isotype controls: Use an isotype-matched (IgG from Rabbit) control at equivalent concentration to assess non-specific background.
- Cross-reactivity: Polyclonal preparations may cross-react with related proteins. Orthogonal validation (siRNA, KO lysate) is recommended.
- Matrix effects: Sample matrix can affect performance; pilot dilution linearity and spike-recovery experiments are advised for quantitative studies.
- Species reactivity: Confirmed for Escherichia coli. Extrapolation to untested species requires empirical validation.
This product is a polyclonal antibody purified from rabbit antiserum.
grxD is a protein target in Escherichia coli biology. This polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit is designed to detect grxD in immunoassay applications, with IgG isotype.
Reported reactive against Escherichia coli. Immunogen derived from Escherichia coli (strain K12). Cross-reactivity with other species should not be assumed without documented data or empirical testing.
Application data not specified; consult the product datasheet or contact BioHippo support.
FITC direct fluorescence (Ex ~490/Em ~525 nm). Protect from light; use antifade for slide applications.
(1) Isotype control — IgG from Rabbit at matching concentration; (2) Positive control — known grxD-expressing cell/tissue; (3) Negative control — knockdown/knockout sample for specificity; (4) Dilution linearity — verify proportional signal decrease in your matrix.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
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