| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| CAS no. | |
| Applications | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Molecular formula | C23H21N7O |
| Purity | |
| SMILES | |
| Form | Solid |
| Storage | |
| Shipping | |
| Catalog no. (Mfr.) | |
| Main SKU |
Compound Overview
GS-444217 is a potent, orally available, selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), with an IC50 of 2.87 nM[1]. It is supplied as a white to off-white solid (C23H21N7O, MW 411.46) at 99.64% purity.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| CAS Number | 1262041-49-5 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C23H21N7O |
| Molecular Weight | 411.46 g/mol |
| Purity | 99.64% |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Color | White to off-white |
| SMILES | O=C(C1=NC=CC(N2C=C(C3CC3)N=C2)=C1)NC4=CC=CC(C5=NN=CN5C6CC6)=C4 |
| Signaling Pathway | MAPK/ERK Pathway; Apoptosis |
| Solubility | In Vitro: DMSO: 25 mg/mL (60.76 mM; Requires sonication and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO) |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C, 3 years; 4°C, 2 years. In solvent: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. |
| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
Literature Cited
Sources cited in this description and in the In Vitro & In Vivo Data tab. Peer-reviewed publications that used this product are listed under References.
Safety
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, and not for human or veterinary use. Handle in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet and your institution's chemical hygiene plan.
In Vitro
| Solvent | Solubility | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 25 mg/mL (60.76 mM) | requires sonication and warming and heat to 60°C; use freshly opened DMSO (absorbed moisture lowers solubility) |
Aliquot the stock solution and store it at -80°C (up to 2 years) or -20°C (up to 1 year); avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
In Vivo
Choose the formulation that suits the animal model and route of administration; percentages are volume ratios of the final working solution. Start from a clear DMSO stock (see In Vitro above), add the co-solvents one at a time in the order listed, mixing after each addition, and prepare the working solution fresh on the day of dosing. If precipitation or phase separation occurs, gentle warming or sonication can help.
Protocol 1
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.08 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300; then 50 μL Tween-80; then 450 μL saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Saline: dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH2O and make up to 100 mL. |
Protocol 2
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.08 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 3
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.08 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Data provided by the manufacturer.
In Vitro
At concentrations of 0.3 μM and above, GS-444217 reduces ASK1 phosphorylation and prevents phosphorylation of MKK3/6, MKK4, p38, and JNK, and ASK1 activity is fully suppressed at 1 μM. At 1 μM, GS-444217 lowers ASK1 activity within 5 minutes of addition to the cultures and reaches maximum inhibition by 30 minutes. When GS-444217 is removed from the cultures, ASK1 autophosphorylation reactivates within 10 minutes, with near-complete recovery 2 hours after drug washout[1].
In Vivo
In rats, GS-444217 lowers ASK1 signaling induced by oxidative stress (OS) in kidney and inhibits acute renal tubular injury. In rat kidney, activation of ASK1, p38, and JNK is inhibited by GS-444217 (30 mg/kg). For inhibiting the ASK1 pathway in rodent kidney, GS-444217 has an approximate in vivo EC50 of 1.6 μM[1].
Data provided by the manufacturer. Numbered citations refer to the Literature Cited list in the product description.
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Neutrophils discriminate live from dead bacteria by integrating signals initiated by Fprs and TLRs. EMBO J 2022 Mar 1;41(5):e109386. PMID: 35112724
Serial PNA-Transformer-Based Virtual Screening Identifies Nanomolar DYRK1A Inhibitors for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. ACS Med Chem Lett 2026 Feb 20;17(3):695-703. PMID: 41847637
The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 attenuates renal fibrosis via ASK1/JNK/p38 MAPK-mediated apoptosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction. PLoS One 2023 Jun 13;18(6):e0286903. PMID: 37310976
HECTD2/TNFAIP1 Axis Regulating the p38/JNK Pathway to Promote an Inflammatory Response in Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells. In Vivo 2024 May-Jun;38(3):1094-1103. PMID: 38688591
JNK mediates serine phosphorylation of STAT3 in response to fatty acids released by lipolysis. Res Sq 2025 Mar 5:rs.3.rs-6150649. PMID: 40092442
Hexavalent chromium induces hepatocyte apoptosis via regulation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase signaling. Environ Toxicol 2022 Jun;37(6):1288-1296. PMID: 35166444
