| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | E. coli-derived recombinant human protein (amino acids D61-K148) was used as the immunogen for the HBBM antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
HBBM Antibody / Heparin-binding brain mitogen / Pleiotrophin is an antibody targeting HBBM, raised in Rabbit for protein detection and localization studies where these specifications are required.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: HBBM.
- Antibody identity: Polyclonal (rabbit origin); Rabbit IgG.
- Conjugate/label: Unconjugated (affects detection chemistry and multiplex compatibility).
- Format: Antigen affinity purified.
- Species reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat.
- Listed applications: WB, IHC-P, FACS, Direct ELISA (refer to on-page specifications for application-specific guidance).
Biological background
Pleiotrophin (PTN), also known as heparin-binding brain mitogen (HBBM), heparin-binding growth factor 8 (HBGF-8), neurite growth-promoting factor 1 (NEGF1), heparin affinity regulatory peptide (HARP), heparin binding growth associated molecule (HB-GAM) and Osteoblast-specific factor 1 (OSF-1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTN gene. PTN is the first member of a family of developmentally regulated cytokines. The PTN gene is mapped to 7q33-q34. A mutant PTN that contained only the first N-terminal 40 amino acids was a dominant negative. Pleiotrophin is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system and also in several non-neural tissues, notably lung, kidney, gut and bone. Pleiotrophin binds to cell-surface nucleolin as a low affinity receptor. This binding can inhibit HIV infection.
Research relevance and current trends
- Comparative expression profiling across cell types, tissues, or perturbations (e.g., drug treatment, genetic editing, or differentiation).
- Subcellular localization and trafficking studies, including co-localization with pathway markers in microscopy-based assays.
- Integration of protein-level measurements with transcriptomics or proteomics to relate abundance to regulation and phenotype.
Common research applications
- Western blotting: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.
- Immunohistochemistry: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.
- Flow cytometry: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.
- ELISA: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.
Interpretation should account for antibody-dependent factors such as epitope accessibility, isoforms, and sample preparation differences across workflows.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Isoforms and PTMs: many targets have multiple isoforms and post-translational modifications that can shift apparent signal or localization; interpret bands/signals accordingly.
- Epitope context: binding can depend on protein conformation and sample processing; region information in the title/immunogen can help anticipate what may be detected.
- Species differences: predicted or validated reactivity may vary by ortholog sequence and sample context; confirm in your model system.
- Control concepts: include negative controls (no-primary/isotype), and where possible genetic controls (KO/KD) or independent antibodies to strengthen conclusions.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
