| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Target | |
| Alternative names | Indometacin |
| CAS no. | |
| Applications | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Molecular formula | C19H16ClNO4 |
| Purity | |
| SMILES | |
| Form | Solid |
| Storage | |
| Shipping | |
| Catalog no. (Mfr.) | |
| Main SKU |
Compound Overview
Indomethacin, also known as Indometacin, is a potent, orally active inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, with IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM against the two isoforms, respectively. It also shows anticancer and anti-infective activity, and can be used in research on cancer, inflammation, and viral infection[1][2][3]. It is supplied as a white to off-white solid (C19H16ClNO4, MW 357.79) at 99.90% purity.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| CAS Number | 53-86-1 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C19H16ClNO4 |
| Molecular Weight | 357.79 g/mol |
| Purity | 99.90% |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Color | White to off-white |
| SMILES | COC1=CC=C(N(C(C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=O)C(C)=C3CC(O)=O)C3=C1 |
| Target | Human COX-1, Human COX-2, SARS-CoV-2 Mpro |
| Signaling Pathway | Immunology/Inflammation; Anti-infection |
| Solubility | In Vitro: DMSO: 100 mg/mL (279.49 mM; Requires sonication; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO) Ethanol: 12.5 mg/mL (34.94 mM; Requires sonication) H2O: < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble) |
| Storage | 4°C, protect from light. In solvent: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light). |
| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
Biological Activity
IC50 & Target[1]
|
Human COX-1 18 nM (IC50, in CHO cells) |
Human COX-2 26 nM (IC50, in CHO cells) |
Literature Cited
Sources cited in this description and in the In Vitro & In Vivo Data tab. Peer-reviewed publications that used this product are listed under References.
Safety
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, and not for human or veterinary use. Handle in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet and your institution's chemical hygiene plan.
In Vitro
| Solvent | Solubility | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 100 mg/mL (279.49 mM) | requires sonication; use freshly opened DMSO (absorbed moisture lowers solubility) |
| Ethanol | 12.5 mg/mL (34.94 mM) | requires sonication |
| H2O | < 0.1 mg/mL | insoluble |
Aliquot the stock solution and store it at -80°C (up to 1 year) or -20°C (up to 6 months); protect from light; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
In Vivo
Choose the formulation that suits the animal model and route of administration; percentages are volume ratios of the final working solution. Start from a clear DMSO stock (see In Vitro above), add the co-solvents one at a time in the order listed, mixing after each addition, and prepare the working solution fresh on the day of dosing. If precipitation or phase separation occurs, gentle warming or sonication can help.
Protocol 1
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.81 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300; then 50 μL Tween-80; then 450 μL saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Saline: dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH2O and make up to 100 mL. |
Protocol 2
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.81 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 3
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.81 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Protocol 4
| Composition | 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.49 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL EtOH stock (12.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300; then 50 μL Tween-80; then 450 μL saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Saline: dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH2O and make up to 100 mL. |
Protocol 5
| Composition | 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.49 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL EtOH stock (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 6
| Composition | 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (3.49 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL EtOH stock (12.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Data provided by the manufacturer.
In Vitro
Indomethacin (Indometacin) (0-150 μM; 24 hours; 3LL-D122 cells) shows anticancer activity in vitro[2]. Indomethacin (Indometacin) (0-1000 μM) protects host cells from virus-caused damage by activating PKR, which leads to elF2α phosphorylation, shuts down translation of viral protein, and inhibits viral replication (IC50=2 μM)[3].
Cell Viability Assay[2]
| Cell Line | 3LL-D122 cells (highly metastatic variant of mouse LLcarcinoma cells) |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 0, 20, 50, 100 and 150 μM |
| Incubation Time | 24 hours |
| Result | Inhibited cell viability at 20 mM, with 50% inhibition at 60 mM. |
Cell Viability Assay[2]
| Cell Line | 3LL-D122 cells (highly metastatic variant of mouse LLcarcinoma cells) |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 0, 30 and 80 μM |
| Incubation Time | 24 hours |
| Result | Decreased in the percentage of cells at the G2/M phase and increased in the percentage of cells at G1 phase. |
In Vivo
| Animal Model | Male Sprague-Dawley rats[1] |
|---|---|
| Dosage | 0.01-10 mg/kg |
| Administration | Oral administration; for 3 hours |
| Result | Inhibited the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema (ED50=2.0 mg/kg) and hyperalgesia (ED50=1.5 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. |
| Animal Model | Male C57BL/6J mice[2] |
|---|---|
| Dosage | 10 mg/mL |
| Administration | Oral administration; daily, for 29 days |
| Result | Delayed the onset of tumor growth and the initial growth rate of the footpad tumors. |
Data provided by the manufacturer. Numbered citations refer to the Literature Cited list in the product description.
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